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26 /// \file electromagnetic/TestEm8/src/DetectorConstruction.cc
27 /// \brief Implementation of the DetectorConstruction class
28 //
29 //
30 /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
31 //
32 // TestEm8: Gaseous detector
33 //
34 // Created: 31.08.2010 V.Ivanchenko ob base of V.Grichine code
35 //
36 // Modified:
37 //
38 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
39 //
40 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
41
42 #include "DetectorConstruction.hh"
43
44 #include "DetectorMessenger.hh"
45 #include "TargetSD.hh"
46 #include "TestParameters.hh"
47
48 #include "G4Colour.hh"
49 #include "G4GeometryManager.hh"
50 #include "G4LogicalVolume.hh"
51 #include "G4LogicalVolumeStore.hh"
52 #include "G4Material.hh"
53 #include "G4NistManager.hh"
54 #include "G4PVPlacement.hh"
55 #include "G4PhysicalConstants.hh"
56 #include "G4PhysicalVolumeStore.hh"
57 #include "G4PionPlus.hh"
58 #include "G4ProductionCuts.hh"
59 #include "G4Region.hh"
60 #include "G4RegionStore.hh"
61 #include "G4RunManager.hh"
62 #include "G4SDManager.hh"
63 #include "G4SolidStore.hh"
64 #include "G4SystemOfUnits.hh"
65 #include "G4Tubs.hh"
66 #include "G4UnitsTable.hh"
67 #include "G4VisAttributes.hh"
68 #include "G4ios.hh"
69
70 #include <vector>
71
72 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
73
74 DetectorConstruction::DetectorConstruction()
75 {
76 fGasThickness = 23.0 * mm;
77 fGasRadius = 10. * cm;
78 fMaxStep = DBL_MAX;
79
80 fWindowThick = 51.0 * micrometer;
81
82 DefineMaterials();
83
84 fDetectorMessenger = new DetectorMessenger(this);
85
86 G4double cut = 0.7 * mm;
87 fGasDetectorCuts = new G4ProductionCuts();
88 fGasDetectorCuts->SetProductionCut(cut, "gamma");
89 fGasDetectorCuts->SetProductionCut(cut, "e-");
90 fGasDetectorCuts->SetProductionCut(cut, "e+");
91 fGasDetectorCuts->SetProductionCut(cut, "proton");
92 }
93
94 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
95
96 DetectorConstruction::~DetectorConstruction()
97 {
98 delete fDetectorMessenger;
99 }
100
101 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
102
103 void DetectorConstruction::DefineMaterials()
104 {
105 // This function illustrates the possible ways to define materials
106 G4String name, symbol;
107 G4double density;
108 G4int nel;
109 G4int ncomponents;
110 G4double fractionmass;
111
112 G4NistManager* manager = G4NistManager::Instance();
113 //
114 // define Elements
115 //
116 G4Element* elH = manager->FindOrBuildElement(1);
117 G4Element* elC = manager->FindOrBuildElement(6);
118 G4Element* elO = manager->FindOrBuildElement(8);
119 G4Element* elF = manager->FindOrBuildElement(9);
120 G4Element* elNe = manager->FindOrBuildElement(10);
121 G4Element* elXe = manager->FindOrBuildElement(54);
122 //
123 // simple gases at STP conditions
124 //
125 G4Material* Argon = manager->FindOrBuildMaterial("G4_Ar");
126 G4Material* Kr = manager->FindOrBuildMaterial("G4_Kr");
127 G4Material* Xe = manager->FindOrBuildMaterial("G4_Xe");
128 //
129 // gases at STP conditions
130 //
131 G4Material* CarbonDioxide = manager->FindOrBuildMaterial("G4_CARBON_DIOXIDE");
132 G4Material* Mylar = manager->FindOrBuildMaterial("G4_MYLAR");
133 G4Material* Methane = manager->FindOrBuildMaterial("G4_METHANE");
134 G4Material* Propane = manager->FindOrBuildMaterial("G4_PROPANE");
135
136 // propane at 10 atmospheres
137 manager->ConstructNewGasMaterial("Propane10", "G4_PROPANE", NTP_Temperature, 10. * atmosphere);
138
139 G4Material* empty = manager->FindOrBuildMaterial("G4_Galactic");
140
141 // 93% Kr + 7% CH4, STP
142 density = 3.491 * mg / cm3;
143 G4Material* Kr7CH4 = new G4Material(name = "Kr7CH4", density, ncomponents = 2);
144 Kr7CH4->AddMaterial(Kr, fractionmass = 0.986);
145 Kr7CH4->AddMaterial(Methane, fractionmass = 0.014);
146
147 G4double TRT_Xe_density = 5.485 * mg / cm3;
148 G4Material* TRT_Xe = new G4Material(name = "TRT_Xe", TRT_Xe_density, nel = 1, kStateGas,
149 293.15 * kelvin, 1. * atmosphere);
150 TRT_Xe->AddElement(elXe, 1);
151
152 G4double TRT_CO2_density = 1.842 * mg / cm3;
153 G4Material* TRT_CO2 = new G4Material(name = "TRT_CO2", TRT_CO2_density, nel = 2, kStateGas,
154 293.15 * kelvin, 1. * atmosphere);
155 TRT_CO2->AddElement(elC, 1);
156 TRT_CO2->AddElement(elO, 2);
157
158 // check alternative constructor
159 std::vector<G4String> trtatom = {"C", "O"};
160 std::vector<G4int> trtnum = {1, 2};
161 manager->ConstructNewMaterial("TRT_CO2p", trtatom, trtnum, TRT_CO2_density, true, kStateGas,
162 NTP_Temperature, atmosphere);
163
164 G4double TRT_CF4_density = 3.9 * mg / cm3;
165 G4Material* TRT_CF4 = new G4Material(name = "TRT_CF4", TRT_CF4_density, nel = 2, kStateGas,
166 293.15 * kelvin, 1. * atmosphere);
167 TRT_CF4->AddElement(elC, 1);
168 TRT_CF4->AddElement(elF, 4);
169
170 // ATLAS TRT straw tube gas mixture (20 C, 1 atm)
171 G4double XeCO2CF4_density = 4.76 * mg / cm3;
172 G4Material* XeCO2CF4 = new G4Material(name = "XeCO2CF4", XeCO2CF4_density, ncomponents = 3,
173 kStateGas, 293.15 * kelvin, 1. * atmosphere);
174 XeCO2CF4->AddMaterial(TRT_Xe, 0.807);
175 XeCO2CF4->AddMaterial(TRT_CO2, 0.039);
176 XeCO2CF4->AddMaterial(TRT_CF4, 0.154);
177
178 // C3H8,20 C, 2 atm
179 density = 3.758 * mg / cm3;
180 G4Material* C3H8 =
181 new G4Material(name = "C3H8", density, nel = 2, kStateGas, 293.15 * kelvin, 2. * atmosphere);
182 C3H8->AddElement(elC, 3);
183 C3H8->AddElement(elH, 8);
184
185 // The same material via different constructor
186 std::vector<G4String> elmname = {"C", "H"};
187 std::vector<G4int> atomnum = {3, 8};
188 manager->ConstructNewIdealGasMaterial("C3H8p", elmname, atomnum, true, 293.15 * kelvin,
189 2. * atmosphere);
190
191 // 87.5% Xe + 7.5% CH4 + 5% C3H8, 20 C, 1. atm
192 density = 4.9196 * mg / cm3;
193 G4Material* XeCH4C3H8 = new G4Material(name = "XeCH4C3H8", density, ncomponents = 3, kStateGas,
194 NTP_Temperature, 1. * atmosphere);
195 XeCH4C3H8->AddMaterial(Xe, fractionmass = 0.971);
196 XeCH4C3H8->AddMaterial(Methane, fractionmass = 0.010);
197 XeCH4C3H8->AddMaterial(Propane, fractionmass = 0.019);
198
199 // 93% Ar + 7% CH4, STP
200 density = 1.709 * mg / cm3;
201 G4Material* Ar7CH4 = new G4Material(name = "Ar7CH4", density, ncomponents = 2, kStateGas,
202 STP_Temperature, STP_Pressure);
203 Ar7CH4->AddMaterial(Argon, fractionmass = 0.971);
204 Ar7CH4->AddMaterial(Methane, fractionmass = 0.029);
205
206 // 80% Ar + 20% CO2, STP
207 density = 1.8223 * mg / cm3;
208 G4Material* Ar_80CO2_20 = new G4Material(name = "ArCO2", density, ncomponents = 2, kStateGas,
209 STP_Temperature, STP_Pressure);
210 Ar_80CO2_20->AddMaterial(Argon, fractionmass = 0.783);
211 Ar_80CO2_20->AddMaterial(CarbonDioxide, fractionmass = 0.217);
212
213 // 80% Xe + 20% CO2, STP
214 density = 5.0818 * mg / cm3;
215 G4Material* Xe20CO2 = new G4Material(name = "Xe20CO2", density, ncomponents = 2, kStateGas,
216 STP_Temperature, STP_Pressure);
217 Xe20CO2->AddMaterial(Xe, fractionmass = 0.922);
218 Xe20CO2->AddMaterial(CarbonDioxide, fractionmass = 0.078);
219
220 // 80% Kr + 20% CO2, STP
221 density = 3.601 * mg / cm3;
222 G4Material* Kr20CO2 = new G4Material(name = "Kr20CO2", density, ncomponents = 2, kStateGas,
223 STP_Temperature, STP_Pressure);
224 Kr20CO2->AddMaterial(Kr, fractionmass = 0.89);
225 Kr20CO2->AddMaterial(CarbonDioxide, fractionmass = 0.11);
226
227 // ALICE mixture TPC_Ne-CO2-2
228 density = 0.939 * mg / cm3;
229 G4Material* NeCO2 = new G4Material(name = "TPC_Ne-CO2-2", density, ncomponents = 3, kStateGas,
230 NTP_Temperature, 1. * atmosphere);
231 NeCO2->AddElement(elNe, fractionmass = 0.8039);
232 NeCO2->AddElement(elO, fractionmass = 0.1426);
233 NeCO2->AddElement(elC, fractionmass = 0.0535);
234
235 // check alternative constructor
236 std::vector<G4String> neatom = {"Ne", "O", "C"};
237 std::vector<G4double> nefr = {0.8039, 0.1426, 0.0536};
238 manager->ConstructNewMaterial("TPC_Ne-CO2-2p", neatom, nefr, density, true, kStateGas,
239 NTP_Temperature, atmosphere);
240
241 // ALICE TRD mixure 85% Xe + 15% CO2 NTP
242 density = 4.9389 * mg / cm3;
243 G4Material* Xe15CO2 = new G4Material(name = "Xe15CO2", density, ncomponents = 2, kStateGas,
244 NTP_Temperature, atmosphere);
245 Xe15CO2->AddMaterial(Xe, fractionmass = 0.944);
246 Xe15CO2->AddMaterial(CarbonDioxide, fractionmass = 0.056);
247
248 fGasMat = XeCH4C3H8;
249 fWindowMat = Mylar;
250 fWorldMaterial = empty;
251
252 G4cout << *(G4Material::GetMaterialTable()) << G4endl;
253 }
254
255 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
256
257 G4VPhysicalVolume* DetectorConstruction::Construct()
258 {
259 if (nullptr != fPhysWorld) {
260 return fPhysWorld;
261 }
262
263 G4double contThick = fWindowThick * 2 + fGasThickness;
264 G4double contR = fWindowThick * 2 + fGasRadius;
265
266 G4double worldSizeZ = contThick * 1.2;
267 G4double worldSizeR = contR * 1.2;
268
269 TestParameters::GetPointer()->SetPositionZ(-0.55 * contThick);
270
271 // Printout parameters
272 G4cout << "\n The WORLD is made of " << worldSizeZ / mm << "mm of "
273 << fWorldMaterial->GetName();
274 G4cout << ", the transverse size (R) of the world is " << worldSizeR / mm << " mm. " << G4endl;
275 G4cout << " The CONTAINER is made of " << fWindowThick / mm << "mm of " << fWindowMat->GetName()
276 << G4endl;
277 G4cout << " The TARGET is made of " << fGasThickness / mm << "mm of " << fGasMat->GetName();
278 G4cout << ", the transverse size (R) is " << fGasRadius / mm << " mm. " << G4endl;
279 G4cout << G4endl;
280
281 // World
282 fSolidWorld = new G4Tubs("World", 0., worldSizeR, worldSizeZ / 2., 0., CLHEP::twopi);
283
284 fLogicWorld = new G4LogicalVolume(fSolidWorld, fWorldMaterial, "World");
285
286 fPhysWorld = new G4PVPlacement(0, G4ThreeVector(0., 0., 0.), "World", fLogicWorld, 0, false, 0);
287
288 // Window
289 fSolidContainer = new G4Tubs("Absorber", 0., contR, contThick / 2., 0., CLHEP::twopi);
290
291 fLogicContainer = new G4LogicalVolume(fSolidContainer, fWindowMat, "Window");
292
293 G4PVPlacement* PhysWind = new G4PVPlacement(0, G4ThreeVector(0., 0., 0.), "Window",
294 fLogicContainer, fPhysWorld, false, 0);
295
296 // Detector volume
297 fSolidDetector = new G4Tubs("Gas", 0., fGasRadius, fGasThickness / 2., 0., CLHEP::twopi);
298
299 fLogicDetector = new G4LogicalVolume(fSolidDetector, fGasMat, "Gas");
300
301 new G4PVPlacement(0, G4ThreeVector(0., 0., 0.), "Gas", fLogicDetector, PhysWind, false, 0);
302
303 // defined gas detector region
304 fRegGasDet = new G4Region("GasDetector");
305 fRegGasDet->SetProductionCuts(fGasDetectorCuts);
306 fRegGasDet->AddRootLogicalVolume(fLogicDetector);
307
308 // visualisation
309 fLogicWorld->SetVisAttributes(G4VisAttributes::GetInvisible());
310 G4VisAttributes* color1 = new G4VisAttributes(G4Colour(0.3, 0.3, 0.3));
311 fLogicContainer->SetVisAttributes(color1);
312 G4VisAttributes* color2 = new G4VisAttributes(G4Colour(0.0, 0.3, 0.7));
313 fLogicDetector->SetVisAttributes(color2);
314
315 if (0.0 == fGasMat->GetIonisation()->GetMeanEnergyPerIonPair()) {
316 SetPairEnergy(20 * eV);
317 }
318 return fPhysWorld;
319 }
320
321 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
322
323 void DetectorConstruction::ConstructSDandField()
324 {
325 auto sd = new TargetSD("GasSD");
326 G4SDManager::GetSDMpointer()->AddNewDetector(sd);
327 SetSensitiveDetector(fLogicDetector, sd);
328 }
329
330 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
331
332 void DetectorConstruction::SetGasMaterial(const G4String& name)
333 {
334 // get the pointer to the existing material
335 G4Material* mat = G4Material::GetMaterial(name, false);
336
337 // create the material by its name
338 if (!mat) {
339 mat = G4NistManager::Instance()->FindOrBuildMaterial(name);
340 }
341
342 if (mat && mat != fGasMat) {
343 G4cout << "### New target material: " << mat->GetName() << G4endl;
344 fGasMat = mat;
345 if (fLogicDetector) {
346 fLogicDetector->SetMaterial(mat);
347 G4RunManager::GetRunManager()->PhysicsHasBeenModified();
348 }
349 }
350 }
351
352 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
353
354 void DetectorConstruction::SetContainerMaterial(const G4String& name)
355 {
356 // get the pointer to the existing material
357 G4Material* mat = G4Material::GetMaterial(name, false);
358
359 // create the material by its name
360 if (!mat) {
361 mat = G4NistManager::Instance()->FindOrBuildMaterial(name);
362 }
363
364 if (mat && mat != fWindowMat) {
365 G4cout << "### New material for container: " << mat->GetName() << G4endl;
366 fWindowMat = mat;
367 if (fLogicContainer) {
368 fLogicContainer->SetMaterial(mat);
369 G4RunManager::GetRunManager()->PhysicsHasBeenModified();
370 }
371 }
372 }
373
374 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
375
376 void DetectorConstruction::SetWorldMaterial(const G4String& name)
377 {
378 // get the pointer to the existing material
379 G4Material* mat = G4Material::GetMaterial(name, false);
380
381 // create the material by its name
382 if (!mat) {
383 mat = G4NistManager::Instance()->FindOrBuildMaterial(name);
384 }
385
386 if (mat && mat != fWorldMaterial) {
387 G4cout << "### New World material: " << mat->GetName() << G4endl;
388 fWorldMaterial = mat;
389 if (fLogicWorld) {
390 fLogicWorld->SetMaterial(mat);
391 G4RunManager::GetRunManager()->PhysicsHasBeenModified();
392 }
393 }
394 }
395
396 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
397
398 void DetectorConstruction::SetGasThickness(G4double val)
399 {
400 if (val <= 0.0) {
401 return;
402 }
403 fGasThickness = val;
404 if (nullptr != fPhysWorld) {
405 ChangeGeometry();
406 }
407 }
408
409 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
410
411 void DetectorConstruction::SetGasRadius(G4double val)
412 {
413 if (val <= 0.0) {
414 return;
415 }
416 fGasRadius = val;
417 if (nullptr != fPhysWorld) {
418 ChangeGeometry();
419 }
420 }
421
422 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
423
424 void DetectorConstruction::SetContainerThickness(G4double val)
425 {
426 if (val <= 0.0) {
427 return;
428 }
429 fWindowThick = val;
430 if (nullptr != fPhysWorld) {
431 ChangeGeometry();
432 }
433 }
434
435 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
436
437 void DetectorConstruction::SetPairEnergy(G4double val)
438 {
439 if (val > 0.0) {
440 fGasMat->GetIonisation()->SetMeanEnergyPerIonPair(val);
441 }
442 }
443
444 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
445
446 void DetectorConstruction::ChangeGeometry()
447 {
448 G4double contThick = fWindowThick * 2 + fGasThickness;
449 G4double contR = fWindowThick * 2 + fGasRadius;
450
451 G4double worldSizeZ = contThick * 1.2;
452 G4double worldSizeR = contR * 1.2;
453
454 TestParameters::GetPointer()->SetPositionZ(-0.55 * contThick);
455
456 fSolidWorld->SetOuterRadius(worldSizeR);
457 fSolidWorld->SetZHalfLength(worldSizeZ * 0.5);
458
459 fSolidContainer->SetOuterRadius(contR);
460 fSolidContainer->SetZHalfLength(contThick * 0.5);
461
462 fSolidDetector->SetOuterRadius(fGasRadius);
463 fSolidDetector->SetZHalfLength(fGasThickness * 0.5);
464 }
465
466 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
467