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24 // ********************************************************************
25 //
26 //
27 // **********************************************************************
28 // * *
29 // * GEANT 4 xray_telescope advanced example *
30 // * *
31 // * MODULE: XrayTelDetectorConstruction.cc *
32 // * ------- *
33 // * *
34 // * Version: 0.4 *
35 // * Date: 06/11/00 *
36 // * Author: R Nartallo *
37 // * Organisation: ESA/ESTEC, Noordwijk, THe Netherlands *
38 // * *
39 // **********************************************************************
40 //
41 // CHANGE HISTORY
42 // --------------
43 //
44 // 06.11.2000 R.Nartallo
45 // - First implementation of xray_telescope geometry
46 // - Based on Chandra and XMM models by R Nartallo, P Truscott, F Lei
47 // and P Arce
48 //
49 //
50 // **********************************************************************
51
52 #include "XrayTelDetectorConstruction.hh"
53
54 #include "globals.hh"
55 #include "G4PhysicalConstants.hh"
56 #include "G4SystemOfUnits.hh"
57 #include "G4UnitsTable.hh"
58 #include "G4VUserDetectorConstruction.hh"
59 #include "G4Material.hh"
60 #include "G4MaterialTable.hh"
61 #include "G4Element.hh"
62 #include "G4ElementTable.hh"
63 #include "G4Box.hh"
64 #include "G4Cons.hh"
65 #include "G4Tubs.hh"
66 #include "G4LogicalVolume.hh"
67 #include "G4ThreeVector.hh"
68 #include "G4PVPlacement.hh"
69 #include "G4PVReplica.hh"
70 #include "G4SDManager.hh"
71 #include "G4VisAttributes.hh"
72 #include "G4Colour.hh"
73
74 XrayTelDetectorConstruction::XrayTelDetectorConstruction()
75 {
76 world_x = 2500.*cm;
77 world_y = 2500.*cm;
78 world_z = 2500.*cm;
79 }
80
81 XrayTelDetectorConstruction::~XrayTelDetectorConstruction()
82 {;}
83
84 G4VPhysicalVolume* XrayTelDetectorConstruction::Construct( )
85 {
86
87 // Material: Vacuum
88 G4Material* Vacuum = new G4Material("Vacuum",
89 1.0 , 1.01*g/mole, 1.0E-25*g/cm3,
90 kStateGas, 2.73*kelvin, 3.0E-18*pascal );
91
92 // Visualization attributes
93 G4VisAttributes* VisAttWorld= new G4VisAttributes( G4Colour(204/255.,255/255.,255/255.));
94
95 // World
96 G4Box * solidWorld = new G4Box( "world_S", world_x, world_y, world_z );
97 G4LogicalVolume * logicalWorld = new G4LogicalVolume( solidWorld, // solid
98 Vacuum, // material
99 "world_L", // name
100 0,0,0);
101
102 logicalWorld -> SetVisAttributes(VisAttWorld);
103
104 // Physical volume
105 physicalWorld= new G4PVPlacement( 0,
106 G4ThreeVector(),
107 "world_P", // name (2nd constructor)
108 logicalWorld, // logical volume
109 NULL, // mother volume
110 false, // no boolean operation
111 0); // copy number
112
113 // Make Invisible
114 logicalWorld -> SetVisAttributes(G4VisAttributes::GetInvisible());
115
116 // Construct geometry
117 ConstructTelescope();
118 ConstructFocalPlane();
119
120 return physicalWorld;
121 }
122
123 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
124
125 // Construct Telescope
126
127 void XrayTelDetectorConstruction::ConstructTelescope()
128 {
129 // Construct Mirror
130 // Single shell mirror made of Nickel with thin Gold coating
131 // Mirror made up of two cones approximating the parabolic section and
132 // two cones approximating the hyperbolic section
133 // The centre of the mirror is filled wiith a solid aluminium rod shaped as the
134 // mirrors, so as to leave a constant BaffleGap distance from the mirror surface
135
136 // Build materials
137 G4Material* Ni = new G4Material("Nickel", 28., 58.6934*g/mole, 8.902*g/cm3);
138 G4Material* Au = new G4Material("Gold", 79., 196.96654*g/mole, 19.300*g/cm3);
139 G4Material* Al = new G4Material("Aluminium", 13., 26.98*g/mole, 2.700*g/cm3);
140
141 // Visualization attributes
142 G4VisAttributes* VisAttMirror = new G4VisAttributes(
143 G4Colour(0/255., 0/255.,255/255.));
144 G4VisAttributes* VisAttAuCoating = new G4VisAttributes(
145 G4Colour(255/255., 255/255., 0/255.));
146 G4VisAttributes* VisAttBaffle = new G4VisAttributes(
147 G4Colour(128/255., 128/255., 128/255.));
148
149 // Rotation Matrix
150 G4RotationMatrix *rotateMatrix = new G4RotationMatrix();
151 rotateMatrix -> rotateY(90.*deg);
152
153 // Construct cones to make Mirror sections
154 G4int i;
155 G4double MirrorEnd[5] = { 34.9995975*cm, 34.8277209*cm, 34.6549918*cm,
156 34.1347834*cm, 33.6137753*cm };
157 G4double MirrorPosition[4] = { 772.5*cm, 757.5*cm, 742.5*cm, 727.5*cm };
158 G4double MirrorSectionLength = 15.0*cm;
159 G4double MirrorNiThickness = 1.07*mm;
160 G4double MirrorAuCoating = 50.0e-6*mm;
161 G4double BaffleGap = 4.0*mm;
162
163 G4Cons* MirrorSolid[4];
164 G4Cons* MirrorAuCoatingSolid[4];
165 G4Cons* BaffleSolid[4];
166
167 G4LogicalVolume* MirrorLogicalVolume[4];
168 G4LogicalVolume* MirrorAuCoatingLogicalVolume[4];
169 G4LogicalVolume* BaffleLogicalVolume[4];
170
171 for ( i=0; i<4; i++ ) {
172
173 // Mirror Nickel base
174 MirrorSolid[i] = new G4Cons( "Mirror_S",
175 MirrorEnd[i], MirrorEnd[i] + MirrorNiThickness,
176 MirrorEnd[i+1], MirrorEnd[i+1] + MirrorNiThickness,
177 MirrorSectionLength/2, 0*deg, 360.*deg);
178 MirrorLogicalVolume[i] = new G4LogicalVolume(
179 MirrorSolid[i], Ni, "Mirror_L", 0, 0, 0 );
180 MirrorLogicalVolume[i]->SetVisAttributes(VisAttMirror);
181
182 // Gold coating on mirror
183 MirrorAuCoatingSolid[i] = new G4Cons(
184 "MirrorAuCoating_S",
185 MirrorEnd[i] - MirrorAuCoating, MirrorEnd[i],
186 MirrorEnd[i+1] - MirrorAuCoating, MirrorEnd[i+1],
187 MirrorSectionLength/2, 0*deg, 360.*deg);
188 MirrorAuCoatingLogicalVolume[i] = new G4LogicalVolume(
189 MirrorAuCoatingSolid[i],
190 Au,
191 "MirrorAuCoating_L",
192 0, 0, 0 );
193 MirrorAuCoatingLogicalVolume[i]->SetVisAttributes(VisAttAuCoating);
194
195 // Aluminium baffle inside mirror
196 BaffleSolid[i] = new G4Cons( "Baffle_S",
197 0, MirrorEnd[i] - BaffleGap,
198 0, MirrorEnd[i+1] - BaffleGap,
199 MirrorSectionLength/2, 0*deg, 360.*deg);
200 BaffleLogicalVolume[i] = new G4LogicalVolume(
201 BaffleSolid[i], Al, "Baffle_L", 0, 0, 0 );
202 BaffleLogicalVolume[i]-> SetVisAttributes(VisAttBaffle);
203 }
204
205 // Physical volume
206
207 for ( i=0; i<4; i++ ) {
208 new G4PVPlacement(
209 rotateMatrix,
210 G4ThreeVector( MirrorPosition[i], 0.0*cm, 0.0*cm ),
211 "Mirror_P",
212 MirrorLogicalVolume[i],
213 physicalWorld, false, 0 );
214 new G4PVPlacement(
215 rotateMatrix,
216 G4ThreeVector( MirrorPosition[i], 0.0*cm, 0.0*cm ),
217 "MirrorAuCoating_P",
218 MirrorAuCoatingLogicalVolume[i],
219 physicalWorld, false, 0 );
220 new G4PVPlacement(
221 rotateMatrix,
222 G4ThreeVector( MirrorPosition[i], 0.0*cm, 0.0*cm ),
223 "Baffle_P",
224 BaffleLogicalVolume[i],
225 physicalWorld, false, 0 );
226 }
227
228 // Make Mirror Invisible
229
230 for ( i=0; i<4; i++ ) {
231 // MirrorLogicalVolume[i] -> SetVisAttributes(G4VisAttributes::GetInvisible());
232 // MirrorAuCoatingLogicalVolume[i] -> SetVisAttributes(G4VisAttributes::GetInvisible());
233 BaffleLogicalVolume[i] -> SetVisAttributes(G4VisAttributes::GetInvisible());
234 }
235
236
237 // Construct Optical Bench
238 // Main Telescope carbon fibre tube and two aluminium end caps
239
240 G4int nel;
241 G4String symbol;
242
243 // Elements
244 G4Element* C = new G4Element("Carbon", symbol="C", 6., 12.011*g/mole);
245 G4Element* H = new G4Element("Hydrogen",symbol="H", 1., 1.00794*g/mole);
246
247 // Materials from Combination
248 G4Material* Cf = new G4Material("Carbon Fibre", 2.0*g/cm3, nel=2);
249 Cf->AddElement(C,1);
250 Cf->AddElement(H,2);
251
252 // Visualization attributes
253 G4VisAttributes* VisAttBench = new G4VisAttributes(
254 G4Colour(0/255., 200/255., 0/255.));
255
256 // Construct Optical bench
257 G4double BenchThickness = 1.0*cm;
258 G4double BenchFrontEndMinRadiusOut = MirrorEnd[4] +
259 ( MirrorEnd[3] - MirrorEnd[4] )*7.5/15
260 + MirrorNiThickness;
261 G4double BenchFrontEndMinRadiusIn = MirrorEnd[4] +
262 ( MirrorEnd[3] - MirrorEnd[4] )*7.4/15
263 + MirrorNiThickness;
264 G4double BenchFrontEndMaxRadius = MirrorEnd[4] + MirrorNiThickness + 25.*cm;
265 G4double BenchBackEndMinRadius = 0.0*cm;
266 G4double BenchBackEndMaxRadius = MirrorEnd[4] + MirrorNiThickness + 5.*cm;
267 G4double BenchMainLength;
268
269 BenchMainLength = MirrorPosition[3] - BenchThickness;
270
271 G4Cons* BenchFrontEndSolid;
272 G4Tubs* BenchBackEndSolid;
273 G4Cons* BenchMainSolid;
274
275 G4LogicalVolume* BenchFrontEndLogicalVolume;
276 G4LogicalVolume* BenchBackEndLogicalVolume;
277 G4LogicalVolume* BenchMainLogicalVolume;
278
279 BenchFrontEndSolid = new G4Cons( "BenchFrontEnd_S",
280 BenchFrontEndMinRadiusOut, BenchFrontEndMaxRadius,
281 BenchFrontEndMinRadiusIn, BenchFrontEndMaxRadius,
282 BenchThickness/2, 0*deg, 360.*deg );
283 BenchFrontEndLogicalVolume = new G4LogicalVolume(
284 BenchFrontEndSolid, Al, "BenchFrontEnd_L", 0, 0, 0 );
285 BenchFrontEndLogicalVolume->SetVisAttributes(VisAttBench);
286
287 BenchBackEndSolid = new G4Tubs( "BenchBackEnd_S",
288 BenchBackEndMinRadius, BenchBackEndMaxRadius,
289 BenchThickness/2, 0*deg, 360.*deg );
290 BenchBackEndLogicalVolume = new G4LogicalVolume(
291 BenchBackEndSolid, Al, "BenchBackEnd_L", 0, 0, 0 );
292 BenchBackEndLogicalVolume->SetVisAttributes(VisAttBench);
293
294 BenchMainSolid = new G4Cons( "BenchMain_S",
295 BenchFrontEndMaxRadius - BenchThickness,
296 BenchFrontEndMaxRadius,
297 BenchBackEndMaxRadius - BenchThickness,
298 BenchBackEndMaxRadius,
299 BenchMainLength/2, 0*deg, 360.*deg);
300 BenchMainLogicalVolume = new G4LogicalVolume(
301 BenchMainSolid, Cf, "BenchMain_L", 0, 0, 0 );
302 BenchMainLogicalVolume -> SetVisAttributes(VisAttBench);
303
304 // Physical volume
305
306 new G4PVPlacement(
307 rotateMatrix,
308 G4ThreeVector( MirrorPosition[3] - BenchThickness/2,
309 0.0*cm, 0.0*cm ),
310 "BenchFrontEnd_P",
311 BenchFrontEndLogicalVolume,
312 physicalWorld, false, 0 );
313
314 new G4PVPlacement(
315 rotateMatrix,
316 G4ThreeVector(0.0*cm - BenchThickness/2, 0.0*cm, 0.0*cm ),
317 "BenchBackEnd_P",
318 BenchBackEndLogicalVolume,
319 physicalWorld, false, 0 );
320
321 new G4PVPlacement(
322 rotateMatrix,
323 G4ThreeVector( BenchMainLength/2, 0.0*cm, 0.0*cm ),
324 "BenchMain_P",
325 BenchMainLogicalVolume,
326 physicalWorld, false, 0 );
327
328 //--- Make Bench Invisible
329
330 // BenchFrontEndLogicalVolume -> SetVisAttributes(G4VisAttributes::GetInvisible())
331
332 // BenchBackEndLogicalVolume -> SetVisAttributes(G4VisAttributes::GetInvisible());
333 BenchMainLogicalVolume -> SetVisAttributes(G4VisAttributes::GetInvisible());
334
335 return;
336 }
337
338 // Construct Focal Plane
339 // Conical Titanium baffle and silicon detector
340
341 void XrayTelDetectorConstruction::ConstructFocalPlane()
342 {
343
344 // Elements
345 G4Material* Ti = new G4Material("Titanium", 22., 47.867*g/mole, 4.54*g/cm3);
346 G4Material* Si = new G4Material("Silicon", 14., 28.090*g/mole, 2.33*g/cm3);
347
348 // Visualization attributes
349 G4VisAttributes* VisDetectorBaffle = new G4VisAttributes(
350 G4Colour(190/255., 255/255., 0/255.) );
351 G4VisAttributes* VisDetector = new G4VisAttributes(
352 G4Colour(255/255., 0/255., 0/255.) );
353
354 // Rotation Matrix
355 G4RotationMatrix *rotateMatrix = new G4RotationMatrix();
356 rotateMatrix -> rotateY(90.*deg);
357
358 // Construct Detector Baffle
359 G4double DetectorBaffleLength = 57.2*cm;
360 G4double DetectorBaffleOuterRadiusIn = 7.1*cm;
361 G4double DetectorBaffleOuterRadiusOut = 7.35*cm;
362 G4double DetectorBaffleInnerRadiusIn = 4.55*cm;
363 G4double DetectorBaffleInnerRadiusOut = 5.75*cm;
364
365 G4Cons* DetectorBaffleSolid;
366
367 G4LogicalVolume* DetectorBaffleLogicalVolume;
368
369 DetectorBaffleSolid = new G4Cons( "DetectorBaffle_S",
370 DetectorBaffleOuterRadiusIn,
371 DetectorBaffleOuterRadiusOut,
372 DetectorBaffleInnerRadiusIn,
373 DetectorBaffleInnerRadiusOut,
374 DetectorBaffleLength/2, 0*deg, 360.*deg);
375 DetectorBaffleLogicalVolume = new G4LogicalVolume(
376 DetectorBaffleSolid, Ti, "DetectorBaffle_L", 0, 0, 0 );
377 DetectorBaffleLogicalVolume -> SetVisAttributes( VisDetectorBaffle );
378
379 // Physical volume
380
381 /* G4VPhysicalVolume* DetectorBafflePhysicalVolume = */
382 new G4PVPlacement(
383 rotateMatrix,
384 G4ThreeVector( DetectorBaffleLength/2, 0.0*cm, 0.0*cm),
385 "DetectorBaffle_P",
386 DetectorBaffleLogicalVolume,
387 physicalWorld, false, 0 );
388
389 //--- Make Invisible
390
391 // DetectorBaffleLogicalVolume -> SetVisAttributes( G4VisAttributes::GetInvisible() );
392
393 // Construct Detector
394
395 G4double DetectorRadius = 32.5*mm;
396 G4double DetectorThickness = 50e-6*m;
397
398 G4Tubs* DetectorSolid;
399
400 G4LogicalVolume* DetectorLogicalVolume;
401
402 DetectorSolid = new G4Tubs( "Detector_S",
403 0, DetectorRadius,
404 DetectorThickness/2, 0*deg, 360.*deg);
405 DetectorLogicalVolume = new G4LogicalVolume(
406 DetectorSolid, Si, "Detector_L", 0, 0, 0 );
407 DetectorLogicalVolume -> SetVisAttributes( VisDetector );
408
409 // Physical volume
410 /*G4VPhysicalVolume* DetectorPhysicalVolume = */
411 new G4PVPlacement(
412 rotateMatrix,
413 G4ThreeVector( DetectorThickness/2, 0.0*cm, 0.0*cm),
414 "Detector_P",
415 DetectorLogicalVolume,
416 physicalWorld, false, 0 );
417
418 //--- Make Invisible
419 // DetectorLogicalVolume -> SetVisAttributes( G4VisAttributes::GetInvisible() );
420
421 return;
422 }
423