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25 //
26 /// \file DetectorConstruction.cc
27 /// \brief Implementation of the DetectorConstruction class
28 //
29 //
30 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
31 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
32
33 #include "DetectorConstruction.hh"
34
35 #include "DetectorMessenger.hh"
36
37 #include "G4Box.hh"
38 #include "G4GeometryManager.hh"
39 #include "G4LogicalVolume.hh"
40 #include "G4LogicalVolumeStore.hh"
41 #include "G4Material.hh"
42 #include "G4NistManager.hh"
43 #include "G4PVPlacement.hh"
44 #include "G4PVReplica.hh"
45 #include "G4PhysicalConstants.hh"
46 #include "G4PhysicalVolumeStore.hh"
47 #include "G4RunManager.hh"
48 #include "G4SolidStore.hh"
49 #include "G4SystemOfUnits.hh"
50 #include "G4UnitsTable.hh"
51
52 #include <iomanip>
53
54 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
55
56 DetectorConstruction::DetectorConstruction()
57 {
58 for (G4int i = 0; i < kMaxAbsor; ++i) {
59 fAbsorMaterial[i] = nullptr;
60 fAbsorThickness[i] = 0.0;
61 fSolidAbsor[i] = nullptr;
62 fLogicAbsor[i] = nullptr;
63 fPhysiAbsor[i] = nullptr;
64 }
65
66 // default parameter values of the calorimeter
67 fNbOfAbsor = 2;
68 fAbsorThickness[1] = 36 * mm;
69 fAbsorThickness[2] = 4 * mm;
70 fNbOfLayers = 50;
71 fCalorSizeYZ = 1.5 * m;
72 ComputeCalorParameters();
73
74 // materials
75 DefineMaterials();
76 SetWorldMaterial("Galactic");
77 SetAbsorMaterial(1, "Iron");
78 SetAbsorMaterial(2, "Scintillator");
79
80 // create commands for interactive definition of the calorimeter
81 fDetectorMessenger = new DetectorMessenger(this);
82 }
83
84 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
85
86 DetectorConstruction::~DetectorConstruction()
87 {
88 delete fDetectorMessenger;
89 }
90
91 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
92
93 void DetectorConstruction::DefineMaterials()
94 {
95 // This function illustrates the possible ways to define materials using
96 // G4 database on G4Elements
97 G4NistManager* manager = G4NistManager::Instance();
98 manager->SetVerbose(0);
99 //
100 // define Elements
101 //
102 G4Element* H = manager->FindOrBuildElement(1);
103 G4Element* C = manager->FindOrBuildElement(6);
104 G4Element* O = manager->FindOrBuildElement(8);
105 //
106 // define an Element from isotopes, by relative abundance
107 //
108 G4int iz, n; // iz=number of protons in an isotope;
109 // n=number of nucleons in an isotope;
110 G4int ncomponents;
111 G4double z, a;
112 G4double abundance;
113
114 G4Isotope* U5 = new G4Isotope("U235", iz = 92, n = 235, a = 235.01 * g / mole);
115 G4Isotope* U8 = new G4Isotope("U238", iz = 92, n = 238, a = 238.03 * g / mole);
116
117 G4Element* U = new G4Element("enriched Uranium", "U", ncomponents = 2);
118 U->AddIsotope(U5, abundance = 90. * perCent);
119 U->AddIsotope(U8, abundance = 10. * perCent);
120
121 //
122 // define simple materials
123 //
124 G4double density;
125
126 new G4Material("liquidH2", z = 1., a = 1.008 * g / mole, density = 70.8 * mg / cm3);
127 new G4Material("Aluminium", z = 13., a = 26.98 * g / mole, density = 2.700 * g / cm3);
128 new G4Material("liquidArgon", z = 18, a = 39.948 * g / mole, density = 1.396 * g / cm3);
129 new G4Material("Titanium", z = 22., a = 47.867 * g / mole, density = 4.54 * g / cm3);
130 new G4Material("Iron", z = 26., a = 55.85 * g / mole, density = 7.870 * g / cm3);
131 new G4Material("Copper", z = 29., a = 63.55 * g / mole, density = 8.960 * g / cm3);
132 new G4Material("Tungsten", z = 74., a = 183.85 * g / mole, density = 19.30 * g / cm3);
133 new G4Material("Gold", z = 79., a = 196.97 * g / mole, density = 19.32 * g / cm3);
134 new G4Material("Lead", z = 82., a = 207.20 * g / mole, density = 11.35 * g / cm3);
135 new G4Material("Uranium", z = 92., a = 238.03 * g / mole, density = 18.95 * g / cm3);
136
137 //
138 // define a material from elements. case 1: chemical molecule
139 //
140 G4int natoms;
141
142 G4Material* H2O = new G4Material("Water", density = 1.000 * g / cm3, ncomponents = 2);
143 H2O->AddElement(H, natoms = 2);
144 H2O->AddElement(O, natoms = 1);
145 H2O->GetIonisation()->SetMeanExcitationEnergy(78.0 * eV);
146 H2O->SetChemicalFormula("H_2O");
147
148 G4Material* CH = new G4Material("Polystyrene", density = 1.032 * g / cm3, ncomponents = 2);
149 CH->AddElement(C, natoms = 1);
150 CH->AddElement(H, natoms = 1);
151
152 G4Material* Sci = new G4Material("Scintillator", density = 1.032 * g / cm3, ncomponents = 2);
153 Sci->AddElement(C, natoms = 9);
154 Sci->AddElement(H, natoms = 10);
155
156 Sci->GetIonisation()->SetBirksConstant(0.126 * mm / MeV);
157
158 //
159 // examples of gas in non STP conditions
160 //
161 G4double temperature, pressure;
162
163 G4Material* CO2 =
164 new G4Material("CarbonicGas", density = 27. * mg / cm3, ncomponents = 2, kStateGas,
165 temperature = 325. * kelvin, pressure = 50. * atmosphere);
166 CO2->AddElement(C, natoms = 1);
167 CO2->AddElement(O, natoms = 2);
168
169 new G4Material("ArgonGas", z = 18, a = 39.948 * g / mole, density = 1.782 * mg / cm3, kStateGas,
170 273.15 * kelvin, 1 * atmosphere);
171 //
172 // example of vacuum
173 //
174 density = universe_mean_density; // from PhysicalConstants.h
175 pressure = 3.e-18 * pascal;
176 temperature = 2.73 * kelvin;
177 new G4Material("Galactic", z = 1., a = 1.008 * g / mole, density, kStateGas, temperature,
178 pressure);
179
180 // G4cout << *(G4Material::GetMaterialTable()) << G4endl;
181 }
182
183 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
184
185 G4Material* DetectorConstruction::MaterialWithSingleIsotope(G4String name, G4String symbol,
186 G4double density, G4int Z, G4int A)
187 {
188 // define a material from an isotope
189 //
190 G4int ncomponents;
191 G4double abundance, massfraction;
192
193 G4Isotope* isotope = new G4Isotope(symbol, Z, A);
194
195 G4Element* element = new G4Element(name, symbol, ncomponents = 1);
196 element->AddIsotope(isotope, abundance = 100. * perCent);
197
198 G4Material* material = new G4Material(name, density, ncomponents = 1);
199 material->AddElement(element, massfraction = 100. * perCent);
200
201 return material;
202 }
203
204 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
205
206 void DetectorConstruction::ComputeCalorParameters()
207 {
208 // Compute derived parameters of the calorimeter
209 fLayerThickness = 0.;
210 for (G4int iAbs = 1; iAbs <= fNbOfAbsor; iAbs++) {
211 fLayerThickness += fAbsorThickness[iAbs];
212 }
213 fCalorThickness = fNbOfLayers * fLayerThickness;
214 fWorldSizeX = 1.2 * fCalorThickness;
215 fWorldSizeYZ = 1.2 * fCalorSizeYZ;
216 }
217
218 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
219
220 G4VPhysicalVolume* DetectorConstruction::Construct()
221 {
222 if (fPhysiWorld) {
223 return fPhysiWorld;
224 }
225 // complete the Calor parameters definition
226 ComputeCalorParameters();
227
228 //
229 // World
230 //
231 fSolidWorld = new G4Box("World", // its name
232 fWorldSizeX / 2, fWorldSizeYZ / 2, fWorldSizeYZ / 2); // its size
233
234 fLogicWorld = new G4LogicalVolume(fSolidWorld, // its solid
235 fWorldMaterial, // its material
236 "World"); // its name
237
238 fPhysiWorld = new G4PVPlacement(0, // no rotation
239 G4ThreeVector(), // at (0,0,0)
240 fLogicWorld, // its fLogical volume
241 "World", // its name
242 0, // its mother volume
243 false, // no boolean operation
244 0); // copy number
245 //
246 // Calorimeter
247 //
248
249 fSolidCalor = new G4Box("Calorimeter", fCalorThickness / 2, fCalorSizeYZ / 2, fCalorSizeYZ / 2);
250
251 fLogicCalor = new G4LogicalVolume(fSolidCalor, fWorldMaterial, "Calorimeter");
252
253 fPhysiCalor = new G4PVPlacement(0, // no rotation
254 G4ThreeVector(), // at (0,0,0)
255 fLogicCalor, // its fLogical volume
256 "Calorimeter", // its name
257 fLogicWorld, // its mother volume
258 false, // no boolean operation
259 0); // copy number
260
261 //
262 // Layers
263 //
264
265 fSolidLayer = new G4Box("Layer", fLayerThickness / 2, fCalorSizeYZ / 2, fCalorSizeYZ / 2);
266
267 fLogicLayer = new G4LogicalVolume(fSolidLayer, fWorldMaterial, "Layer");
268 if (fNbOfLayers > 1) {
269 fPhysiLayer =
270 new G4PVReplica("Layer", fLogicLayer, fLogicCalor, kXAxis, fNbOfLayers, fLayerThickness);
271 }
272 else {
273 fPhysiLayer =
274 new G4PVPlacement(0, G4ThreeVector(), fLogicLayer, "Layer", fLogicCalor, false, 0);
275 }
276 //
277 // Absorbers
278 //
279
280 G4double xfront = -0.5 * fLayerThickness;
281 for (G4int k = 1; k <= fNbOfAbsor; ++k) {
282 fSolidAbsor[k] = new G4Box("Absorber", // its name
283 fAbsorThickness[k] / 2, fCalorSizeYZ / 2, fCalorSizeYZ / 2);
284
285 fLogicAbsor[k] = new G4LogicalVolume(fSolidAbsor[k], // its solid
286 fAbsorMaterial[k], // its material
287 fAbsorMaterial[k]->GetName());
288
289 G4double xcenter = xfront + 0.5 * fAbsorThickness[k];
290 xfront += fAbsorThickness[k];
291 fPhysiAbsor[k] = new G4PVPlacement(0, G4ThreeVector(xcenter, 0., 0.), fLogicAbsor[k],
292 fAbsorMaterial[k]->GetName(), fLogicLayer, false,
293 k); // copy number
294 }
295
296 PrintCalorParameters();
297
298 // always return the fPhysical World
299 //
300 return fPhysiWorld;
301 }
302
303 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
304
305 void DetectorConstruction::PrintCalorParameters()
306 {
307 G4int prec = 4, wid = prec + 2;
308 G4int dfprec = G4cout.precision(prec);
309
310 G4double totLength(0.), totRadl(0.), totNuclear(0.);
311
312 G4cout << "\n-------------------------------------------------------------"
313 << "\n ---> The calorimeter is " << fNbOfLayers << " layers of:";
314 for (G4int i = 1; i <= fNbOfAbsor; ++i) {
315 G4Material* material = fAbsorMaterial[i];
316 G4double radl = material->GetRadlen();
317 G4double nuclearl = material->GetNuclearInterLength();
318 G4double sumThickness = fNbOfLayers * fAbsorThickness[i];
319 G4double nbRadl = sumThickness / radl;
320 G4double nbNuclearl = sumThickness / nuclearl;
321 totLength += sumThickness;
322 totRadl += nbRadl;
323 totNuclear += nbNuclearl;
324 G4cout << "\n " << std::setw(12) << fAbsorMaterial[i]->GetName() << ": " << std::setw(wid)
325 << G4BestUnit(fAbsorThickness[i], "Length") << " ---> sum = " << std::setw(wid)
326 << G4BestUnit(sumThickness, "Length") << " = " << std::setw(wid) << nbRadl << " Radl "
327 << " = " << std::setw(wid) << nbNuclearl << " NuclearInteractionLength ";
328 }
329 G4cout << "\n\n total thickness = " << std::setw(wid)
330 << G4BestUnit(totLength, "Length") << " = " << std::setw(wid) << totRadl << " Radl "
331 << " = " << std::setw(wid) << totNuclear << " NuclearInteractionLength " << G4endl;
332
333 G4cout << " transverse sizeYZ = " << std::setw(wid)
334 << G4BestUnit(fCalorSizeYZ, "Length") << G4endl;
335 G4cout << "-------------------------------------------------------------\n";
336
337 G4cout << "\n" << fWorldMaterial << G4endl;
338 for (G4int j = 1; j <= fNbOfAbsor; ++j) {
339 G4cout << "\n" << fAbsorMaterial[j] << G4endl;
340 }
341 G4cout << "\n-------------------------------------------------------------\n";
342
343 // restore default format
344 G4cout.precision(dfprec);
345 }
346
347 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
348
349 void DetectorConstruction::SetWorldMaterial(const G4String& material)
350 {
351 // search the material by its name
352 G4Material* pttoMaterial = G4NistManager::Instance()->FindOrBuildMaterial(material);
353 if (pttoMaterial) {
354 fWorldMaterial = pttoMaterial;
355 if (fLogicWorld) {
356 fLogicWorld->SetMaterial(fWorldMaterial);
357 fLogicLayer->SetMaterial(fWorldMaterial);
358 G4RunManager::GetRunManager()->PhysicsHasBeenModified();
359 }
360 }
361 }
362
363 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
364
365 void DetectorConstruction::SetNbOfLayers(G4int ival)
366 {
367 // set the number of Layers
368 //
369 if (ival < 1) {
370 G4cout << "\n --->warning from SetfNbOfLayers: " << ival
371 << " must be at least 1. Command refused" << G4endl;
372 return;
373 }
374 fNbOfLayers = ival;
375 }
376
377 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
378
379 void DetectorConstruction::SetNbOfAbsor(G4int ival)
380 {
381 // set the number of Absorbers
382 //
383 if (ival < 1 || ival > (kMaxAbsor - 1)) {
384 G4cout << "\n ---> warning from SetfNbOfAbsor: " << ival << " must be at least 1 and and most "
385 << kMaxAbsor - 1 << ". Command refused" << G4endl;
386 return;
387 }
388 fNbOfAbsor = ival;
389 }
390
391 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
392
393 void DetectorConstruction::SetAbsorMaterial(G4int ival, const G4String& material)
394 {
395 // search the material by its name
396 //
397 if (ival > fNbOfAbsor || ival <= 0) {
398 G4cout << "\n --->warning from SetAbsorMaterial: absor number " << ival
399 << " out of range. Command refused" << G4endl;
400 return;
401 }
402
403 G4Material* pttoMaterial = G4NistManager::Instance()->FindOrBuildMaterial(material);
404 if (pttoMaterial) {
405 fAbsorMaterial[ival] = pttoMaterial;
406 if (fLogicAbsor[ival]) {
407 fLogicAbsor[ival]->SetMaterial(pttoMaterial);
408 G4RunManager::GetRunManager()->PhysicsHasBeenModified();
409 }
410 }
411 }
412
413 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
414
415 void DetectorConstruction::SetAbsorThickness(G4int ival, G4double val)
416 {
417 // change Absorber thickness
418 //
419 if (ival > fNbOfAbsor || ival <= 0) {
420 G4cout << "\n --->warning from SetAbsorThickness: absor number " << ival
421 << " out of range. Command refused" << G4endl;
422 return;
423 }
424 if (val <= DBL_MIN) {
425 G4cout << "\n --->warning from SetAbsorThickness: thickness " << val
426 << " out of range. Command refused" << G4endl;
427 return;
428 }
429 fAbsorThickness[ival] = val;
430 }
431
432 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
433
434 void DetectorConstruction::SetCalorSizeYZ(G4double val)
435 {
436 // change the transverse size
437 //
438 if (val <= DBL_MIN) {
439 G4cout << "\n --->warning from SetfCalorSizeYZ: thickness " << val
440 << " out of range. Command refused" << G4endl;
441 return;
442 }
443 fCalorSizeYZ = val;
444 }
445
446 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
447
448 #include "G4AutoDelete.hh"
449 #include "G4GlobalMagFieldMessenger.hh"
450
451 void DetectorConstruction::ConstructSDandField()
452 {
453 if (fFieldMessenger.Get() == nullptr) {
454 // Create global magnetic field messenger.
455 // Uniform magnetic field is then created automatically if
456 // the field value is not zero.
457 G4ThreeVector fieldValue = G4ThreeVector();
458 G4GlobalMagFieldMessenger* msg = new G4GlobalMagFieldMessenger(fieldValue);
459 // msg->SetVerboseLevel(1);
460 G4AutoDelete::Register(msg);
461 fFieldMessenger.Put(msg);
462 }
463 }
464
465 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
466