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26 /// \file electromagnetic/TestEm3/src/DetectorConstruction.cc
27 /// \brief Implementation of the DetectorConstruction class
28 //
29 //
30 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
31 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
32
33 #include "DetectorConstruction.hh"
34
35 #include "DetectorMessenger.hh"
36
37 #include "G4Box.hh"
38 #include "G4GeometryManager.hh"
39 #include "G4LogicalVolume.hh"
40 #include "G4LogicalVolumeStore.hh"
41 #include "G4Material.hh"
42 #include "G4NistManager.hh"
43 #include "G4PVPlacement.hh"
44 #include "G4PVReplica.hh"
45 #include "G4PhysicalConstants.hh"
46 #include "G4PhysicalVolumeStore.hh"
47 #include "G4RunManager.hh"
48 #include "G4SolidStore.hh"
49 #include "G4SystemOfUnits.hh"
50 #include "G4UnitsTable.hh"
51
52 #include <iomanip>
53
54 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
55
56 DetectorConstruction::DetectorConstruction()
57 {
58 for (G4int i = 0; i < kMaxAbsor; ++i) {
59 fAbsorMaterial[i] = nullptr;
60 fAbsorThickness[i] = 0.0;
61 fSolidAbsor[i] = nullptr;
62 fLogicAbsor[i] = nullptr;
63 fPhysiAbsor[i] = nullptr;
64 }
65
66 // default parameter values of the calorimeter
67 fNbOfAbsor = 2;
68 fAbsorThickness[1] = 2.3 * mm;
69 fAbsorThickness[2] = 5.7 * mm;
70 fNbOfLayers = 50;
71 fCalorSizeYZ = 40. * cm;
72 ComputeCalorParameters();
73
74 // materials
75 DefineMaterials();
76 SetWorldMaterial("Galactic");
77 SetAbsorMaterial(1, "G4_Pb");
78 SetAbsorMaterial(2, "G4_lAr");
79
80 // create commands for interactive definition of the calorimeter
81 fDetectorMessenger = new DetectorMessenger(this);
82 }
83
84 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
85
86 DetectorConstruction::~DetectorConstruction()
87 {
88 delete fDetectorMessenger;
89 }
90
91 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
92
93 void DetectorConstruction::DefineMaterials()
94 {
95 // This function illustrates the possible ways to define materials using
96 // G4 database on G4Elements
97 G4NistManager* manager = G4NistManager::Instance();
98 manager->SetVerbose(0);
99 //
100 // define Elements
101 //
102 G4double z, a;
103
104 G4Element* H = manager->FindOrBuildElement(1);
105 G4Element* C = manager->FindOrBuildElement(6);
106 G4Element* N = manager->FindOrBuildElement(7);
107 G4Element* O = manager->FindOrBuildElement(8);
108 G4Element* Si = manager->FindOrBuildElement(14);
109 G4Element* Ge = manager->FindOrBuildElement(32);
110 G4Element* Sb = manager->FindOrBuildElement(51);
111 G4Element* I = manager->FindOrBuildElement(53);
112 G4Element* Cs = manager->FindOrBuildElement(55);
113 G4Element* Pb = manager->FindOrBuildElement(82);
114 G4Element* Bi = manager->FindOrBuildElement(83);
115
116 //
117 // define an Element from isotopes, by relative abundance
118 //
119 G4int iz, n; // iz=number of protons in an isotope;
120 // n=number of nucleons in an isotope;
121 G4int ncomponents;
122 G4double abundance;
123
124 G4Isotope* U5 = new G4Isotope("U235", iz = 92, n = 235, a = 235.01 * g / mole);
125 G4Isotope* U8 = new G4Isotope("U238", iz = 92, n = 238, a = 238.03 * g / mole);
126
127 G4Element* U = new G4Element("enriched Uranium", "U", ncomponents = 2);
128 U->AddIsotope(U5, abundance = 90. * perCent);
129 U->AddIsotope(U8, abundance = 10. * perCent);
130
131 //
132 // define simple materials
133 //
134 G4double density;
135
136 new G4Material("liquidH2", z = 1., a = 1.008 * g / mole, density = 70.8 * mg / cm3);
137 new G4Material("Aluminium", z = 13., a = 26.98 * g / mole, density = 2.700 * g / cm3);
138 new G4Material("Titanium", z = 22., a = 47.867 * g / mole, density = 4.54 * g / cm3);
139 new G4Material("Iron", z = 26., a = 55.85 * g / mole, density = 7.870 * g / cm3);
140 new G4Material("Copper", z = 29., a = 63.55 * g / mole, density = 8.960 * g / cm3);
141 new G4Material("Tungsten", z = 74., a = 183.85 * g / mole, density = 19.30 * g / cm3);
142 new G4Material("Gold", z = 79., a = 196.97 * g / mole, density = 19.32 * g / cm3);
143 new G4Material("Uranium", z = 92., a = 238.03 * g / mole, density = 18.95 * g / cm3);
144
145 //
146 // define a material from elements. case 1: chemical molecule
147 //
148 G4int natoms;
149
150 G4Material* H2O = new G4Material("Water", density = 1.000 * g / cm3, ncomponents = 2);
151 H2O->AddElement(H, natoms = 2);
152 H2O->AddElement(O, natoms = 1);
153 H2O->GetIonisation()->SetMeanExcitationEnergy(78.0 * eV);
154 H2O->SetChemicalFormula("H_2O");
155
156 G4Material* CH = new G4Material("Polystyrene", density = 1.032 * g / cm3, ncomponents = 2);
157 CH->AddElement(C, natoms = 1);
158 CH->AddElement(H, natoms = 1);
159
160 G4Material* Sci = new G4Material("Scintillator", density = 1.032 * g / cm3, ncomponents = 2);
161 Sci->AddElement(C, natoms = 9);
162 Sci->AddElement(H, natoms = 10);
163
164 Sci->GetIonisation()->SetBirksConstant(0.126 * mm / MeV);
165
166 G4Material* Lct = new G4Material("Lucite", density = 1.185 * g / cm3, ncomponents = 3);
167 Lct->AddElement(C, 59.97 * perCent);
168 Lct->AddElement(H, 8.07 * perCent);
169 Lct->AddElement(O, 31.96 * perCent);
170
171 G4Material* Sili = new G4Material("Silicon", density = 2.330 * g / cm3, ncomponents = 1);
172 Sili->AddElement(Si, natoms = 1);
173
174 G4Material* SiO2 = new G4Material("quartz", density = 2.200 * g / cm3, ncomponents = 2);
175 SiO2->AddElement(Si, natoms = 1);
176 SiO2->AddElement(O, natoms = 2);
177
178 G4Material* G10 = new G4Material("NemaG10", density = 1.700 * g / cm3, ncomponents = 4);
179 G10->AddElement(Si, natoms = 1);
180 G10->AddElement(O, natoms = 2);
181 G10->AddElement(C, natoms = 3);
182 G10->AddElement(H, natoms = 3);
183
184 G4Material* CsI = new G4Material("CsI", density = 4.534 * g / cm3, ncomponents = 2);
185 CsI->AddElement(Cs, natoms = 1);
186 CsI->AddElement(I, natoms = 1);
187 CsI->GetIonisation()->SetMeanExcitationEnergy(553.1 * eV);
188
189 G4Material* BGO = new G4Material("BGO", density = 7.10 * g / cm3, ncomponents = 3);
190 BGO->AddElement(O, natoms = 12);
191 BGO->AddElement(Ge, natoms = 3);
192 BGO->AddElement(Bi, natoms = 4);
193
194 // SiNx
195 density = 3.1 * g / cm3;
196 G4Material* SiNx = new G4Material("SiNx", density, ncomponents = 3);
197 SiNx->AddElement(Si, 300);
198 SiNx->AddElement(N, 310);
199 SiNx->AddElement(H, 6);
200
201 //
202 // define gaseous materials using G4 NIST database
203 //
204 G4double fractionmass;
205
206 G4Material* Air = manager->FindOrBuildMaterial("G4_AIR");
207 manager->ConstructNewGasMaterial("Air20", "G4_AIR", 293. * kelvin, 1. * atmosphere);
208
209 G4Material* lAr = manager->FindOrBuildMaterial("G4_lAr");
210 G4Material* lArEm3 = new G4Material("liquidArgon", density = 1.390 * g / cm3, ncomponents = 1);
211 lArEm3->AddMaterial(lAr, fractionmass = 1.0);
212
213 //
214 // define a material from elements and others materials (mixture of mixtures)
215 //
216
217 G4Material* Lead = new G4Material("Lead", density = 11.35 * g / cm3, ncomponents = 1);
218 Lead->AddElement(Pb, fractionmass = 1.0);
219
220 G4Material* LeadSb = new G4Material("LeadSb", density = 11.35 * g / cm3, ncomponents = 2);
221 LeadSb->AddElement(Sb, fractionmass = 4. * perCent);
222 LeadSb->AddElement(Pb, fractionmass = 96. * perCent);
223
224 G4Material* Aerog = new G4Material("Aerogel", density = 0.200 * g / cm3, ncomponents = 3);
225 Aerog->AddMaterial(SiO2, fractionmass = 62.5 * perCent);
226 Aerog->AddMaterial(H2O, fractionmass = 37.4 * perCent);
227 Aerog->AddElement(C, fractionmass = 0.1 * perCent);
228
229 //
230 // examples of gas in non STP conditions
231 //
232 G4double temperature, pressure;
233
234 G4Material* CO2 =
235 new G4Material("CarbonicGas", density = 27. * mg / cm3, ncomponents = 2, kStateGas,
236 temperature = 325. * kelvin, pressure = 50. * atmosphere);
237 CO2->AddElement(C, natoms = 1);
238 CO2->AddElement(O, natoms = 2);
239
240 G4Material* steam =
241 new G4Material("WaterSteam", density = 1.0 * mg / cm3, ncomponents = 1, kStateGas,
242 temperature = 273 * kelvin, pressure = 1 * atmosphere);
243 steam->AddMaterial(H2O, fractionmass = 1.);
244
245 new G4Material("ArgonGas", z = 18, a = 39.948 * g / mole, density = 1.782 * mg / cm3, kStateGas,
246 273.15 * kelvin, 1 * atmosphere);
247 //
248 // examples of vacuum
249 //
250
251 density = universe_mean_density; // from PhysicalConstants.h
252 pressure = 3.e-18 * pascal;
253 temperature = 2.73 * kelvin;
254 new G4Material("Galactic", z = 1., a = 1.008 * g / mole, density, kStateGas, temperature,
255 pressure);
256
257 density = 1.e-5 * g / cm3;
258 pressure = 2.e-2 * bar;
259 temperature = STP_Temperature; // from PhysicalConstants.h
260 G4Material* beam =
261 new G4Material("Beam", density, ncomponents = 1, kStateGas, temperature, pressure);
262 beam->AddMaterial(Air, fractionmass = 1.);
263
264 // G4cout << *(G4Material::GetMaterialTable()) << G4endl;
265 }
266
267 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
268
269 void DetectorConstruction::ComputeCalorParameters()
270 {
271 // Compute derived parameters of the calorimeter
272 fLayerThickness = 0.;
273 for (G4int iAbs = 1; iAbs <= fNbOfAbsor; iAbs++) {
274 fLayerThickness += fAbsorThickness[iAbs];
275 }
276 fCalorThickness = fNbOfLayers * fLayerThickness;
277 fWorldSizeX = 1.2 * fCalorThickness;
278 fWorldSizeYZ = 1.2 * fCalorSizeYZ;
279 }
280
281 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
282
283 G4VPhysicalVolume* DetectorConstruction::Construct()
284 {
285 if (fPhysiWorld) {
286 return fPhysiWorld;
287 }
288 // complete the Calor parameters definition
289 ComputeCalorParameters();
290
291 //
292 // World
293 //
294 fSolidWorld = new G4Box("World", // its name
295 fWorldSizeX / 2, fWorldSizeYZ / 2, fWorldSizeYZ / 2); // its size
296
297 fLogicWorld = new G4LogicalVolume(fSolidWorld, // its solid
298 fWorldMaterial, // its material
299 "World"); // its name
300
301 fPhysiWorld = new G4PVPlacement(0, // no rotation
302 G4ThreeVector(), // at (0,0,0)
303 fLogicWorld, // its fLogical volume
304 "World", // its name
305 0, // its mother volume
306 false, // no boolean operation
307 0); // copy number
308 //
309 // Calorimeter
310 //
311
312 fSolidCalor = new G4Box("Calorimeter", fCalorThickness / 2, fCalorSizeYZ / 2, fCalorSizeYZ / 2);
313
314 fLogicCalor = new G4LogicalVolume(fSolidCalor, fWorldMaterial, "Calorimeter");
315
316 fPhysiCalor = new G4PVPlacement(0, // no rotation
317 G4ThreeVector(), // at (0,0,0)
318 fLogicCalor, // its fLogical volume
319 "Calorimeter", // its name
320 fLogicWorld, // its mother volume
321 false, // no boolean operation
322 0); // copy number
323
324 //
325 // Layers
326 //
327
328 fSolidLayer = new G4Box("Layer", fLayerThickness / 2, fCalorSizeYZ / 2, fCalorSizeYZ / 2);
329
330 fLogicLayer = new G4LogicalVolume(fSolidLayer, fWorldMaterial, "Layer");
331 if (fNbOfLayers > 1) {
332 fPhysiLayer =
333 new G4PVReplica("Layer", fLogicLayer, fLogicCalor, kXAxis, fNbOfLayers, fLayerThickness);
334 }
335 else {
336 fPhysiLayer =
337 new G4PVPlacement(0, G4ThreeVector(), fLogicLayer, "Layer", fLogicCalor, false, 0);
338 }
339 //
340 // Absorbers
341 //
342
343 G4double xfront = -0.5 * fLayerThickness;
344 for (G4int k = 1; k <= fNbOfAbsor; ++k) {
345 fSolidAbsor[k] = new G4Box("Absorber", // its name
346 fAbsorThickness[k] / 2, fCalorSizeYZ / 2, fCalorSizeYZ / 2);
347
348 fLogicAbsor[k] = new G4LogicalVolume(fSolidAbsor[k], // its solid
349 fAbsorMaterial[k], // its material
350 fAbsorMaterial[k]->GetName());
351
352 G4double xcenter = xfront + 0.5 * fAbsorThickness[k];
353 xfront += fAbsorThickness[k];
354 fPhysiAbsor[k] = new G4PVPlacement(0, G4ThreeVector(xcenter, 0., 0.), fLogicAbsor[k],
355 fAbsorMaterial[k]->GetName(), fLogicLayer, false,
356 k); // copy number
357 }
358
359 PrintCalorParameters();
360
361 // always return the fPhysical World
362 //
363 return fPhysiWorld;
364 }
365
366 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
367
368 void DetectorConstruction::PrintCalorParameters()
369 {
370 G4cout << "\n-------------------------------------------------------------"
371 << "\n ---> The calorimeter is " << fNbOfLayers << " layers of:";
372 for (G4int i = 1; i <= fNbOfAbsor; ++i) {
373 G4cout << "\n \t" << std::setw(12) << fAbsorMaterial[i]->GetName() << ": " << std::setw(6)
374 << G4BestUnit(fAbsorThickness[i], "Length");
375 }
376 G4cout << "\n-------------------------------------------------------------\n";
377
378 G4cout << "\n" << fWorldMaterial << G4endl;
379 for (G4int j = 1; j <= fNbOfAbsor; ++j) {
380 G4cout << "\n" << fAbsorMaterial[j] << G4endl;
381 }
382 G4cout << "\n-------------------------------------------------------------\n";
383 }
384
385 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
386
387 void DetectorConstruction::SetWorldMaterial(const G4String& material)
388 {
389 // search the material by its name
390 G4Material* pttoMaterial = G4NistManager::Instance()->FindOrBuildMaterial(material);
391 if (pttoMaterial) {
392 fWorldMaterial = pttoMaterial;
393 if (fLogicWorld) {
394 fLogicWorld->SetMaterial(fWorldMaterial);
395 fLogicLayer->SetMaterial(fWorldMaterial);
396 G4RunManager::GetRunManager()->PhysicsHasBeenModified();
397 }
398 }
399 }
400
401 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
402
403 void DetectorConstruction::SetNbOfLayers(G4int ival)
404 {
405 // set the number of Layers
406 //
407 if (ival < 1) {
408 G4cout << "\n --->warning from SetfNbOfLayers: " << ival
409 << " must be at least 1. Command refused" << G4endl;
410 return;
411 }
412 fNbOfLayers = ival;
413 }
414
415 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
416
417 void DetectorConstruction::SetNbOfAbsor(G4int ival)
418 {
419 // set the number of Absorbers
420 //
421 if (ival < 1 || ival > (kMaxAbsor - 1)) {
422 G4cout << "\n ---> warning from SetfNbOfAbsor: " << ival << " must be at least 1 and and most "
423 << kMaxAbsor - 1 << ". Command refused" << G4endl;
424 return;
425 }
426 fNbOfAbsor = ival;
427 }
428
429 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
430
431 void DetectorConstruction::SetAbsorMaterial(G4int ival, const G4String& material)
432 {
433 // search the material by its name
434 //
435 if (ival > fNbOfAbsor || ival <= 0) {
436 G4cout << "\n --->warning from SetAbsorMaterial: absor number " << ival
437 << " out of range. Command refused" << G4endl;
438 return;
439 }
440
441 G4Material* pttoMaterial = G4NistManager::Instance()->FindOrBuildMaterial(material);
442 if (pttoMaterial) {
443 fAbsorMaterial[ival] = pttoMaterial;
444 if (fLogicAbsor[ival]) {
445 fLogicAbsor[ival]->SetMaterial(pttoMaterial);
446 G4RunManager::GetRunManager()->PhysicsHasBeenModified();
447 }
448 }
449 }
450
451 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
452
453 void DetectorConstruction::SetAbsorThickness(G4int ival, G4double val)
454 {
455 // change Absorber thickness
456 //
457 if (ival > fNbOfAbsor || ival <= 0) {
458 G4cout << "\n --->warning from SetAbsorThickness: absor number " << ival
459 << " out of range. Command refused" << G4endl;
460 return;
461 }
462 if (val <= DBL_MIN) {
463 G4cout << "\n --->warning from SetAbsorThickness: thickness " << val
464 << " out of range. Command refused" << G4endl;
465 return;
466 }
467 fAbsorThickness[ival] = val;
468 }
469
470 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
471
472 void DetectorConstruction::SetCalorSizeYZ(G4double val)
473 {
474 // change the transverse size
475 //
476 if (val <= DBL_MIN) {
477 G4cout << "\n --->warning from SetfCalorSizeYZ: thickness " << val
478 << " out of range. Command refused" << G4endl;
479 return;
480 }
481 fCalorSizeYZ = val;
482 }
483
484 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
485
486 #include "G4AutoDelete.hh"
487 #include "G4GlobalMagFieldMessenger.hh"
488
489 void DetectorConstruction::ConstructSDandField()
490 {
491 if (fFieldMessenger.Get() == nullptr) {
492 // Create global magnetic field messenger.
493 // Uniform magnetic field is then created automatically if
494 // the field value is not zero.
495 G4ThreeVector fieldValue = G4ThreeVector();
496 G4GlobalMagFieldMessenger* msg = new G4GlobalMagFieldMessenger(fieldValue);
497 // msg->SetVerboseLevel(1);
498 G4AutoDelete::Register(msg);
499 fFieldMessenger.Put(msg);
500 }
501 }
502
503 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
504