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25 //
26 //
27 // -------------------------------------------------------------------
28 //
29 // GEANT4 Class file
30 //
31 //
32 // File name: G4hICRU49He
33 //
34 // Author: V.Ivanchenko (Vladimir.Ivanchenko@cern.ch)
35 //
36 // Creation date: 20 July 2000
37 //
38 // Modifications:
39 // 20/07/2000 V.Ivanchenko First implementation
40 // 18/09/2000 V.Ivanchenko clean up - all variable are the same as in ICRU
41 // 03/10/2000 V.Ivanchenko clean up accoding to CodeWizard
42 // 10/05/2001 V.Ivanchenko Clean up againist Linux compilation with -Wall
43 // 26/08/2004 V.Ivanchenko Fix a problem of effective charge
44 //
45 // Class Description:
46 //
47 // Electronic stopping power parametrised according to
48 // ICRU Report N49, 1993. J.F. Ziegler model for He ion.
49 //
50 // Class Description: End
51 //
52 // -------------------------------------------------------------------
53 //
54 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
55
56 #include "G4hICRU49He.hh"
57
58 #include "globals.hh"
59 #include "G4PhysicalConstants.hh"
60 #include "G4SystemOfUnits.hh"
61 #include "G4UnitsTable.hh"
62 #include "G4Material.hh"
63 #include "G4Exp.hh"
64
65 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
66
67 G4hICRU49He::G4hICRU49He():G4VhElectronicStoppingPower(),
68 rateMass(4.0026/1.007276),
69 iMolecula(0)
70 {;}
71
72 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
73
74 G4hICRU49He::~G4hICRU49He()
75 {;}
76
77 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
78
79 G4bool G4hICRU49He::HasMaterial(const G4Material* material)
80 {
81 G4String chFormula = material->GetChemicalFormula() ;
82 G4String myFormula = G4String(" ");
83
84 if (myFormula == chFormula ) {
85 if(1 == (material->GetNumberOfElements())) {return true;}
86 return false ;
87 }
88
89 // ICRU Report N49, 1993. Power's model for He.
90 const G4int numberOfMolecula = 30 ;
91 static const G4String name[numberOfMolecula] = {
92 "H_2", "Be-Solid", "C-Solid", "Graphite", "N_2",
93 "O_2", "Al-Solid", "Si-Solid", "Ar-Solid", "Cu-Solid",
94 "Ge", "W-Solid", "Au-Solid", "Pb-Solid", "C_2H_2",
95 "CO_2", "Cellulose-Nitrat", "C_2H_4", "LiF",
96 "CH_4", "Nylon", "Polycarbonate", "(CH_2)_N-Polyetilene", "PMMA",
97 "(C_8H_8)_N", "SiO_2", "CsI", "H_2O", "H_2O-Gas"};
98
99 // Special treatment for water in gas state
100
101 myFormula = G4String("H_2O") ;
102 const G4State theState = material->GetState() ;
103 if( theState == kStateGas && myFormula == chFormula) {
104 chFormula = G4String("H_2O-Gas");
105 }
106
107 // Search for the material in the table
108 for (G4int i=0; i<numberOfMolecula; ++i) {
109 if (chFormula == name[i]) {
110 SetMoleculaNumber(i) ;
111 return true ;
112 }
113 }
114 return false ;
115 }
116
117 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
118
119 G4double G4hICRU49He::StoppingPower(const G4Material* material,
120 G4double kineticEnergy)
121 {
122 G4double ionloss = 0.0 ;
123
124 // pure material (normally not the case for this function)
125 if(1 == (material->GetNumberOfElements())) {
126 G4double z = material->GetZ() ;
127 ionloss = ElectronicStoppingPower( z, kineticEnergy ) ;
128
129 // The data and the fit from:
130 // ICRU Report N49, 1993. Power's model for He.
131 } else if ( iMolecula < 30 ) {
132
133 // Reduced kinetic energy
134 // in internal units of parametrisation formula (MeV)
135 G4double T = kineticEnergy*rateMass/MeV ;
136
137 static const G4double c[30][7] = {
138 {8.0080, 3.6287, 23.0700, 14.9900, 0.8507, 0.60, 2.0
139 },{ 13.3100, 3.7432, 39.4130, 12.1990, 1.0950, 0.38, 1.4
140 },{ 22.7240, 3.6040, 47.1810, 17.5490, 0.9040, 0.40, 1.4
141 },{ 24.4040, 2.4032, 48.9440, 27.9730, 1.2933, 0.40, 1.6
142 },{ 58.4719, 1.5115, 77.6421, 102.490, 1.5811, 0.50, 2.0
143 },{ 60.5408, 1.6297, 91.7601, 94.1260, 1.3662, 0.50, 2.0
144 },{ 48.4480, 6.4323, 59.2890, 18.3810, 0.4937, 0.48, 1.6
145 },{ 59.0346, 5.1305, 47.0866, 30.0857, 0.3500, 0.60, 2.0
146 },{ 71.8691, 2.8250, 51.1658, 57.1235, 0.4477, 0.60, 2.0
147 },{ 78.3520, 4.0961, 136.731, 28.4470, 1.0621, 0.52, 1.2
148 },{ 120.553, 1.5374, 49.8740, 82.2980, 0.8733, 0.45, 1.6
149 },{ 249.896, 0.6996, -37.274, 248.592, 1.1052, 0.50, 1.5
150 },{ 246.698, 0.6219, -58.391, 292.921, 0.8186, 0.56, 1.8
151 },{ 248.563, 0.6235, -36.8968, 306.960, 1.3214, 0.50, 2.0
152 },{ 25.5860, 1.7125, 154.723, 118.620, 2.2580, 0.50, 2.0
153 },{ 138.294, 25.6413, 231.873, 17.3780, 0.3218, 0.58, 1.3
154 },{ 83.2091, 1.1294, 135.7457, 190.865, 2.3461, 0.50, 2.0
155 },{ 263.542, 1.4754, 1541.446, 781.898, 1.9209, 0.40, 2.0
156 },{ 59.5545, 1.5354, 132.1523, 153.3537, 2.0262, 0.50, 2.0
157 },{ 31.7380, 19.820, 125.2100, 6.8910, 0.7242, 0.50, 1.1
158 },{ 31.7549, 1.5682, 97.4777, 106.0774, 2.3204, 0.50, 2.0
159 },{ 230.465, 4.8967, 1845.320, 358.641, 1.0774, 0.46, 1.2
160 },{ 423.444, 5.3761, 1189.114, 319.030, 0.7652, 0.48, 1.5
161 },{ 86.3410, 3.3322, 91.0433, 73.1091, 0.4650, 0.50, 2.0
162 },{ 146.105, 9.4344, 515.1500, 82.8860, 0.6239, 0.55, 1.5
163 },{ 238.050, 5.6901, 372.3575, 146.1835, 0.3992, 0.50, 2.0
164 },{ 124.2338, 2.6730, 133.8175, 99.4109, 0.7776, 0.50, 2.0
165 },{ 221.723, 1.5415, 87.7315, 192.5266, 1.0742, 0.50, 2.0
166 },{ 26.7537, 1.3717, 90.8007, 77.1587, 2.3264, 0.50, 2.0
167 },{ 37.6121, 1.8052, 73.0250, 66.2070, 1.4038, 0.50, 2.0} };
168
169 G4double a1,a2 ;
170
171 // Free electron gas model
172 if ( T < 0.001 ) {
173 G4double T0 = 0.001 ;
174 a1 = 1.0 - G4Exp(-c[iMolecula][1]*std::pow(T0,-2.0+c[iMolecula][5])) ;
175 a2 = (c[iMolecula][0]*std::log(T0)/T0 + c[iMolecula][2]/T0) *
176 G4Exp(-c[iMolecula][4]*std::pow(T0,-c[iMolecula][6])) +
177 c[iMolecula][3]/(T0*T0) ;
178
179 ionloss = a1*a2*std::sqrt(T/T0) ;
180
181 // Main parametrisation
182 } else {
183 a1 = 1.0 - G4Exp(-c[iMolecula][1]*std::pow(T,-2.0+c[iMolecula][5])) ;
184 a2 = (c[iMolecula][0]*std::log(T)/T + c[iMolecula][2]/T) *
185 G4Exp(-c[iMolecula][4]*std::pow(T,-c[iMolecula][6])) +
186 c[iMolecula][3]/(T*T) ;
187 ionloss = a1*a2;
188 }
189
190 // He effective charge
191 G4double z = (material->GetTotNbOfElectPerVolume()) /
192 (material->GetTotNbOfAtomsPerVolume()) ;
193
194 ionloss /= HeEffChargeSquare(z, kineticEnergy*rateMass) ;
195
196 if ( ionloss < 0.0) ionloss = 0.0 ;
197 }
198
199 return ionloss ;
200 }
201
202 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
203
204 G4double G4hICRU49He::ElectronicStoppingPower(G4double z,
205 G4double kineticEnergy) const
206 {
207 G4double ionloss ;
208 G4int i = G4int(z)-1 ; // index of atom
209 if(i < 0) i = 0 ;
210 if(i > 91) i = 91 ;
211
212 // The data and the fit from:
213 // ICRU Report 49, 1993. Ziegler's type of parametrisations
214 // Reduced kinetic energy
215
216 // He energy in internal units of parametrisation formula (MeV)
217 G4double T = kineticEnergy*rateMass/MeV ;
218
219 static const G4double a[92][5] = {
220 {0.35485, 0.6456, 6.01525, 20.8933, 4.3515
221 },{ 0.58, 0.59, 6.3, 130.0, 44.07
222 },{ 1.42, 0.49, 12.25, 32.0, 9.161
223 },{ 2.1895, 0.47183,7.2362, 134.30, 197.96
224 },{ 3.691, 0.4128, 18.48, 50.72, 9.0
225 },{ 3.83523, 0.42993,12.6125, 227.41, 188.97
226 },{ 1.9259, 0.5550, 27.15125, 26.0665, 6.2768
227 },{ 2.81015, 0.4759, 50.0253, 10.556, 1.0382
228 },{ 1.533, 0.531, 40.44, 18.41, 2.718
229 },{ 2.303, 0.4861, 37.01, 37.96, 5.092
230 },{ 9.894, 0.3081, 23.65, 0.384, 92.93
231 },{ 4.3, 0.47, 34.3, 3.3, 12.74
232 },{ 2.5, 0.625, 45.7, 0.1, 4.359
233 },{ 2.1, 0.65, 49.34, 1.788, 4.133
234 },{ 1.729, 0.6562, 53.41, 2.405, 3.845
235 },{ 1.402, 0.6791, 58.98, 3.528, 3.211
236 },{ 1.117, 0.7044, 69.69, 3.705, 2.156
237 },{ 2.291, 0.6284, 73.88, 4.478, 2.066
238 },{ 8.554, 0.3817, 83.61, 11.84, 1.875
239 },{ 6.297, 0.4622, 65.39, 10.14, 5.036
240 },{ 5.307, 0.4918, 61.74, 12.4, 6.665
241 },{ 4.71, 0.5087, 65.28, 8.806, 5.948
242 },{ 6.151, 0.4524, 83.0, 18.31, 2.71
243 },{ 6.57, 0.4322, 84.76, 15.53, 2.779
244 },{ 5.738, 0.4492, 84.6, 14.18, 3.101
245 },{ 5.013, 0.4707, 85.8, 16.55, 3.211
246 },{ 4.32, 0.4947, 76.14, 10.85, 5.441
247 },{ 4.652, 0.4571, 80.73, 22.0, 4.952
248 },{ 3.114, 0.5236, 76.67, 7.62, 6.385
249 },{ 3.114, 0.5236, 76.67, 7.62, 7.502
250 },{ 3.114, 0.5236, 76.67, 7.62, 8.514
251 },{ 5.746, 0.4662, 79.24, 1.185, 7.993
252 },{ 2.792, 0.6346, 106.1, 0.2986, 2.331
253 },{ 4.667, 0.5095, 124.3, 2.102, 1.667
254 },{ 2.44, 0.6346, 105.0, 0.83, 2.851
255 },{ 1.413, 0.7377, 147.9, 1.466, 1.016
256 },{ 11.72, 0.3826, 102.8, 9.231, 4.371
257 },{ 7.126, 0.4804, 119.3, 5.784, 2.454
258 },{ 11.61, 0.3955, 146.7, 7.031, 1.423
259 },{ 10.99, 0.41, 163.9, 7.1, 1.052
260 },{ 9.241, 0.4275, 163.1, 7.954, 1.102
261 },{ 9.276, 0.418, 157.1, 8.038, 1.29
262 },{ 3.999, 0.6152, 97.6, 1.297, 5.792
263 },{ 4.306, 0.5658, 97.99, 5.514, 5.754
264 },{ 3.615, 0.6197, 86.26, 0.333, 8.689
265 },{ 5.8, 0.49, 147.2, 6.903, 1.289
266 },{ 5.6, 0.49, 130.0, 10.0, 2.844
267 },{ 3.55, 0.6068, 124.7, 1.112, 3.119
268 },{ 3.6, 0.62, 105.8, 0.1692, 6.026
269 },{ 5.4, 0.53, 103.1, 3.931, 7.767
270 },{ 3.97, 0.6459, 131.8, 0.2233, 2.723
271 },{ 3.65, 0.64, 126.8, 0.6834, 3.411
272 },{ 3.118, 0.6519, 164.9, 1.208, 1.51
273 },{ 3.949, 0.6209, 200.5, 1.878, 0.9126
274 },{ 14.4, 0.3923, 152.5, 8.354, 2.597
275 },{ 10.99, 0.4599, 138.4, 4.811, 3.726
276 },{ 16.6, 0.3773, 224.1, 6.28, 0.9121
277 },{ 10.54, 0.4533, 159.3, 4.832, 2.529
278 },{ 10.33, 0.4502, 162.0, 5.132, 2.444
279 },{ 10.15, 0.4471, 165.6, 5.378, 2.328
280 },{ 9.976, 0.4439, 168.0, 5.721, 2.258
281 },{ 9.804, 0.4408, 176.2, 5.675, 1.997
282 },{ 14.22, 0.363, 228.4, 7.024, 1.016
283 },{ 9.952, 0.4318, 233.5, 5.065, 0.9244
284 },{ 9.272, 0.4345, 210.0, 4.911, 1.258
285 },{ 10.13, 0.4146, 225.7, 5.525, 1.055
286 },{ 8.949, 0.4304, 213.3, 5.071, 1.221
287 },{ 11.94, 0.3783, 247.2, 6.655, 0.849
288 },{ 8.472, 0.4405, 195.5, 4.051, 1.604
289 },{ 8.301, 0.4399, 203.7, 3.667, 1.459
290 },{ 6.567, 0.4858, 193.0, 2.65, 1.66
291 },{ 5.951, 0.5016, 196.1, 2.662, 1.589
292 },{ 7.495, 0.4523, 251.4, 3.433, 0.8619
293 },{ 6.335, 0.4825, 255.1, 2.834, 0.8228
294 },{ 4.314, 0.5558, 214.8, 2.354, 1.263
295 },{ 4.02, 0.5681, 219.9, 2.402, 1.191
296 },{ 3.836, 0.5765, 210.2, 2.742, 1.305
297 },{ 4.68, 0.5247, 244.7, 2.749, 0.8962
298 },{ 3.223, 0.5883, 232.7, 2.954, 1.05
299 },{ 2.892, 0.6204, 208.6, 2.415, 1.416
300 },{ 4.728, 0.5522, 217.0, 3.091, 1.386
301 },{ 6.18, 0.52, 170.0, 4.0, 3.224
302 },{ 9.0, 0.47, 198.0, 3.8, 2.032
303 },{ 2.324, 0.6997, 216.0, 1.599, 1.399
304 },{ 1.961, 0.7286, 223.0, 1.621, 1.296
305 },{ 1.75, 0.7427, 350.1, 0.9789, 0.5507
306 },{ 10.31, 0.4613, 261.2, 4.738, 0.9899
307 },{ 7.962, 0.519, 235.7, 4.347, 1.313
308 },{ 6.227, 0.5645, 231.9, 3.961, 1.379
309 },{ 5.246, 0.5947, 228.6, 4.027, 1.432
310 },{ 5.408, 0.5811, 235.7, 3.961, 1.358
311 },{ 5.218, 0.5828, 245.0, 3.838, 1.25}
312 };
313
314 // Free electron gas model
315 if ( T < 0.001 ) {
316 G4double slow = a[i][0] ;
317 G4double shigh = std::log( 1.0 + a[i][3]*1000.0 + a[i][4]*0.001 )
318 * a[i][2]*1000.0 ;
319 ionloss = slow*shigh / (slow + shigh) ;
320 ionloss *= std::sqrt(T*1000.0) ;
321
322 // Main parametrisation
323 } else {
324 G4double slow = a[i][0] * std::pow((T*1000.0), a[i][1]) ;
325 G4double shigh = std::log( 1.0 + a[i][3]/T + a[i][4]*T ) * a[i][2]/T ;
326 ionloss = slow*shigh / (slow + shigh) ;
327
328 }
329 if ( ionloss < 0.0) ionloss = 0.0 ;
330
331 // He effective charge
332 ionloss /= HeEffChargeSquare(z, kineticEnergy*rateMass) ;
333
334 return ionloss;
335 }
336