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26 // -------------------------------------------------------------------
27 //
28 // File name: G4OpticalMaterialProperties.hh
29 //
30 // Author: Daren Sawkey
31 //
32 // Creation date: 05.13.2021
33 //
34 // Description: Contains material properties for optical materials. These
35 // may be used in a user application instead of defining one's own. In user
36 // code, write for example:
37 // G4MaterialPropertiesTable* mpt = new G4MaterialPropertiesTable();
38 // mpt->AddProperty(keyname, materialname);
39 // where keyname is the key (e.g. "RINDEX") and materialname is the
40 // name of the material (e.g. "Air")
41 // The vectors are to be in order of increasing energy (as required by
42 // G4PhysicsVector. If wavelength is specified rather than energy,
43 // specify it in decreasing value and call ConvertToEnergy().
44 // -------------------------------------------------------------------
45
46 #ifndef G4OPTICALMATERIALPROPERTIES
47 #define G4OPTICALMATERIALPROPERTIES
48
49 #include "G4MaterialPropertyVector.hh"
50
51 #include <CLHEP/Units/PhysicalConstants.h>
52
53 #include <vector>
54
55 namespace G4OpticalMaterialProperties
56 {
57 void ConvertToEnergy(std::vector<G4double>& wavelength)
58 {
59 for (auto& val : wavelength) {
60 val = CLHEP::h_Planck * CLHEP::c_light / (val / 1000.);
61 }
62 }
63
64 G4MaterialPropertyVector* GetRefractiveIndex(const G4String& material)
65 {
66 G4MaterialPropertyVector* v = nullptr;
67 if (material == "Air") {
68 // P. E. Ciddor. Refractive index of air: new equations for the visible
69 // and near infrared, Appl. Optics 35, 1566-1573 (1996) via
70 // refractiveindex.info
71 // clang-format off
72 std::vector<G4double> wl = {
73 1.69, 1.675, 1.661, 1.646, 1.632, 1.617, 1.602, 1.588, 1.573,
74 1.559, 1.544, 1.529, 1.515, 1.5, 1.486, 1.471, 1.456, 1.442,
75 1.427, 1.413, 1.398, 1.383, 1.369, 1.354, 1.34, 1.325, 1.31,
76 1.296, 1.281, 1.267, 1.252, 1.237, 1.223, 1.208, 1.194, 1.179,
77 1.164, 1.15, 1.135, 1.121, 1.106, 1.091, 1.077, 1.062, 1.048,
78 1.033, 1.018, 1.004, 0.9892, 0.9746, 0.96, 0.9454, 0.9308, 0.9162,
79 0.9016, 0.887, 0.8724, 0.8578, 0.8432, 0.8286, 0.814, 0.7994, 0.7848,
80 0.7702, 0.7556, 0.741, 0.7264, 0.7118, 0.6972, 0.6826, 0.668, 0.6534,
81 0.6388, 0.6242, 0.6096, 0.595, 0.5804, 0.5658, 0.5512, 0.5366, 0.522,
82 0.5074, 0.4928, 0.4782, 0.4636, 0.449, 0.4344, 0.4198, 0.4052, 0.3906,
83 0.376, 0.3614, 0.3468, 0.3322, 0.3176, 0.303, 0.2884, 0.2738, 0.2592,
84 0.2446, 0.23
85 };
86
87 std::vector<G4double> ri = {
88 1.0002731583221, 1.0002731680358, 1.0002731773414, 1.0002731875774,
89 1.0002731973879, 1.0002732081845, 1.0002732192871, 1.000273229936,
90 1.000273241664, 1.0002732529184, 1.0002732653197, 1.0002732780896,
91 1.0002732903537, 1.0002733038787, 1.0002733168752, 1.0002733312162,
92 1.000273346005, 1.0002733602287, 1.000273375938, 1.0002733910563,
93 1.0002734077641, 1.0002734250218, 1.0002734416467, 1.000273460038,
94 1.000273477767, 1.0002734973936, 1.0002735177028, 1.0002735373021,
95 1.0002735590237, 1.0002735800022, 1.0002736032705, 1.0002736273968,
96 1.0002736507265, 1.0002736766354, 1.0002737017104, 1.0002737295823,
97 1.0002737585479, 1.0002737866205, 1.0002738178689, 1.0002738481835,
98 1.0002738819616, 1.0002739171561, 1.0002739513533, 1.0002739895199,
99 1.0002740266464, 1.0002740681302, 1.0002741114819, 1.0002741537295,
100 1.0002742003794, 1.0002742485227, 1.0002742989071, 1.0002743516746,
101 1.0002744069782, 1.0002744649838, 1.000274525871, 1.0002745898346,
102 1.0002746570862, 1.0002747278561, 1.0002748023951, 1.0002748809769,
103 1.0002749639005, 1.0002750514935, 1.0002751441149, 1.0002752421591,
104 1.0002753460601, 1.0002754562966, 1.0002755733975, 1.0002756979483,
105 1.0002758305987, 1.0002759720715, 1.0002761231724, 1.0002762848018,
106 1.0002764579689, 1.0002766438078, 1.0002768435966, 1.0002770587802,
107 1.0002772909975, 1.0002775421136, 1.0002778142591, 1.0002781098769,
108 1.0002784317799, 1.0002787832208, 1.000279167979, 1.0002795904676,
109 1.0002800558675, 1.0002805702966, 1.0002811410247, 1.000281776749,
110 1.0002824879531, 1.0002832873764, 1.0002841906396, 1.0002852170881,
111 1.0002863909483, 1.000287742941, 1.000289312581, 1.000291151532,
112 1.0002933286388, 1.000295937727, 1.0002991101754, 1.0003030361805,
113 1.0003080029552
114 };
115 // clang-format on
116 ConvertToEnergy(wl);
117 v = new G4MaterialPropertyVector(wl, ri);
118 }
119 else if (material == "Water") {
120 // M. Daimon and A. Masumura. Measurement of the refractive index of
121 // distilled water from the near-infrared region to the ultraviolet
122 // region, Appl. Opt. 46, 3811-3820 (2007) via refractiveindex.info
123 // clang-format off
124 std::vector<G4double> wl = {
125 1.129, 1.12, 1.11, 1.101, 1.091, 1.082, 1.072, 1.063, 1.053,
126 1.044, 1.034, 1.025, 1.015, 1.006, 0.9964, 0.987, 0.9775, 0.968,
127 0.9585, 0.9491, 0.9396, 0.9301, 0.9207, 0.9112, 0.9017, 0.8923, 0.8828,
128 0.8733, 0.8638, 0.8544, 0.8449, 0.8354, 0.826, 0.8165, 0.807, 0.7976,
129 0.7881, 0.7786, 0.7691, 0.7597, 0.7502, 0.7407, 0.7313, 0.7218, 0.7123,
130 0.7029, 0.6934, 0.6839, 0.6744, 0.665, 0.6555, 0.646, 0.6366, 0.6271,
131 0.6176, 0.6082, 0.5987, 0.5892, 0.5797, 0.5703, 0.5608, 0.5513, 0.5419,
132 0.5324, 0.5229, 0.5135, 0.504, 0.4945, 0.485, 0.4756, 0.4661, 0.4566,
133 0.4472, 0.4377, 0.4282, 0.4188, 0.4093, 0.3998, 0.3903, 0.3809, 0.3714,
134 0.3619, 0.3525, 0.343, 0.3335, 0.3241, 0.3146, 0.3051, 0.2956, 0.2862,
135 0.2767, 0.2672, 0.2578, 0.2483, 0.2388, 0.2294, 0.2199, 0.2104, 0.2009,
136 0.1915, 0.182
137 };
138
139 std::vector<G4double> ri = {
140 1.3235601610672, 1.3236962786529, 1.3238469492274, 1.3239820826015,
141 1.3241317601229, 1.3242660923031, 1.3244149850321, 1.3245487081924,
142 1.3246970353146, 1.3248303521764, 1.3249783454392, 1.3251114708334,
143 1.3252593763883, 1.3253925390161, 1.3255346928953, 1.3256740639273,
144 1.3258151661284, 1.3259565897464, 1.326098409446, 1.3262392023332,
145 1.32638204417, 1.3265255240887, 1.3266682080154, 1.3268132228682,
146 1.3269591507928, 1.32710453999, 1.3272525883205, 1.3274018651452,
147 1.3275524865531, 1.3277029655807, 1.3278566311755, 1.3280120256415,
148 1.328167625867, 1.3283268916356, 1.3284883366632, 1.3286503921034,
149 1.3288166823394, 1.3289856845931, 1.3291575989438, 1.3293307783594,
150 1.3295091314406, 1.329691073075, 1.3298748828499, 1.3300647424335,
151 1.330259008797, 1.3304558735667, 1.3306598562207, 1.3308692454666,
152 1.3310844250714, 1.3313034432243, 1.3315313994219, 1.3317664745307,
153 1.3320065870964, 1.3322573970809, 1.3325169923974, 1.3327831408348,
154 1.3330622051201, 1.3333521716563, 1.3336538750639, 1.3339648469612,
155 1.334292688017, 1.3346352438404, 1.3349898436519, 1.3353653263299,
156 1.3357594410975, 1.3361692982684, 1.3366053508081, 1.3370652823778,
157 1.3375512404603, 1.3380600434506, 1.3386051585073, 1.3391843066628,
158 1.3397941348754, 1.34045134693, 1.3411539035636, 1.341898413271,
159 1.3427061376724, 1.3435756703017, 1.3445141685829, 1.3455187528254,
160 1.3466202523109, 1.3478194943997, 1.3491150472655, 1.350549622307,
161 1.3521281492629, 1.3538529543346, 1.3557865447701, 1.3579431129972,
162 1.3603615197762, 1.3630595401556, 1.3661548299831, 1.3696980785677,
163 1.3737440834249, 1.3785121412586, 1.3841454790718, 1.3908241012126,
164 1.399064758142, 1.4093866965284, 1.422764121467, 1.4407913910231,
165 1.4679465862259
166 };
167 // clang-format on
168 ConvertToEnergy(wl);
169 v = new G4MaterialPropertyVector(wl, ri);
170 }
171 else if (material == "PMMA") {
172 // G. Beadie, M. Brindza, R. A. Flynn, A. Rosenberg, and J. S. Shirk.
173 // Refractive index measurements of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) from
174 // 0.4-1.6 μm, Appl. Opt. 54, F139-F143 (2015) via refractiveindex.info
175 // clang-format off
176 std::vector<G4double> wl = {
177 1.620, 1.608, 1.596, 1.584, 1.572, 1.560, 1.548, 1.536, 1.524, 1.512,
178 1.500, 1.488, 1.476, 1.464, 1.452, 1.440, 1.428, 1.416, 1.404, 1.392,
179 1.380, 1.368, 1.356, 1.344, 1.332, 1.320, 1.308, 1.296, 1.284, 1.272,
180 1.260, 1.248, 1.236, 1.224, 1.212, 1.200, 1.188, 1.176, 1.164, 1.152,
181 1.140, 1.128, 1.116, 1.104, 1.092, 1.080, 1.068, 1.056, 1.044, 1.032,
182 1.020, 1.008, 0.996, 0.984, 0.972, 0.960, 0.948, 0.936, 0.924, 0.912,
183 0.900, 0.888, 0.876, 0.864, 0.852, 0.840, 0.828, 0.816, 0.804, 0.792,
184 0.780, 0.768, 0.756, 0.744, 0.732, 0.720, 0.708, 0.696, 0.684, 0.672,
185 0.660, 0.648, 0.636, 0.624, 0.612, 0.600, 0.588, 0.576, 0.564, 0.552,
186 0.540, 0.528, 0.516, 0.504, 0.492, 0.480, 0.468, 0.456, 0.444, 0.432,
187 0.420
188 };
189
190 std::vector<G4double> ri = {
191 1.4805336370194, 1.4805958419707, 1.4806572042606, 1.4807177801532,
192 1.4807776264012, 1.4808368002755, 1.4808953595962, 1.4809533627658,
193 1.4810108688022, 1.4810679373753, 1.4811246288434, 1.4811810042925,
194 1.4812371255769, 1.4812930553619, 1.4813488571684, 1.4814045954196,
195 1.4814603354903, 1.4815161437579, 1.4815720876568, 1.4816282357347,
196 1.4816846577124, 1.4817414245457, 1.4817986084914, 1.4818562831765,
197 1.4819145236704, 1.4819734065613, 1.4820330100373, 1.4820934139706,
198 1.4821547000072, 1.4822169516613, 1.4822802544152, 1.4823446958243,
199 1.4824103656291, 1.4824773558724, 1.4825457610252, 1.4826156781186,
200 1.482687206885, 1.4827604499074, 1.4828355127788, 1.4829125042715,
201 1.4829915365184, 1.4830727252059, 1.483156189781, 1.4832420536723,
202 1.4833304445284, 1.4834214944731, 1.483515340381, 1.4836121241751,
203 1.483711993148, 1.4838151003112, 1.4839216047736, 1.4840316721549,
204 1.4841454750362, 1.4842631934547, 1.4843850154458, 1.484511137641,
205 1.4846417659288, 1.4847771161864, 1.4849174150935, 1.4850629010407,
206 1.4852138251453, 1.4853704523922, 1.4855330629191, 1.4857019534694,
207 1.4858774390395, 1.486059854753, 1.4862495580004, 1.4864469308883,
208 1.4866523830528, 1.4868663548994, 1.4870893213462, 1.4873217961577,
209 1.4875643369775, 1.4878175511839, 1.4880821027184, 1.4883587200625,
210 1.4886482055708, 1.4889514464045, 1.4892694273501, 1.4896032458562,
211 1.4899541296675, 1.4903234574922, 1.4907127831856, 1.491123863976,
212 1.4915586932831, 1.4920195386642, 1.4925089853408, 1.4930299855674,
213 1.4935859137206, 1.4941806263051, 1.494818524906, 1.4955046181841,
214 1.4962445758678, 1.4970447626402, 1.4979122317605, 1.4988546454557,
215 1.4998800687986, 1.5009965515508, 1.5022113611478, 1.5035296480805,
216 1.5049521933717
217 };
218 // clang-format on
219
220 ConvertToEnergy(wl);
221 v = new G4MaterialPropertyVector(wl, ri);
222 }
223 else if (material == "Fused Silica") {
224 // 1) I. H. Malitson. Interspecimen comparison of the refractive index of
225 // fused silica, J. Opt. Soc. Am. 55, 1205-1208 (1965) 2) C. Z. Tan.
226 // Determination of refractive index of silica glass for infrared
227 // wavelengths by IR spectroscopy, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 223, 158-163 (1998)
228 // Sellmeier formula is reported in Ref. 1 for the 0.21-3.71 um wavelength
229 // range. Ref. 2 verifies the validity of the formula up to 6.7 um.
230 // via refractiveindex.info
231 // clang-format off
232 std::vector<G4double> wl = {
233 6.700, 6.472, 6.252, 6.039, 5.833, 5.635, 5.443, 5.258, 5.079,
234 4.906, 4.739, 4.578, 4.422, 4.271, 4.126, 3.986, 3.850, 3.719,
235 3.592, 3.470, 3.352, 3.238, 3.128, 3.021, 2.918, 2.819, 2.723,
236 2.630, 2.541, 2.454, 2.371, 2.290, 2.212, 2.137, 2.064, 1.994,
237 1.926, 1.861, 1.797, 1.736, 1.677, 1.620, 1.565, 1.512, 1.460,
238 1.410, 1.362, 1.316, 1.271, 1.228, 1.186, 1.146, 1.107, 1.069,
239 1.033, 0.9976, 0.9636, 0.9308, 0.8992, 0.8686, 0.8390, 0.8104, 0.7829,
240 0.7562, 0.7305, 0.7056, 0.6816, 0.6584, 0.6360, 0.6143, 0.5934, 0.5732,
241 0.5537, 0.5349, 0.5167, 0.4991, 0.4821, 0.4657, 0.4498, 0.4345, 0.4197,
242 0.4055, 0.3917, 0.3783, 0.3655, 0.3530, 0.3410, 0.3294, 0.3182, 0.3074,
243 0.2969, 0.2868, 0.2770, 0.2676, 0.2585, 0.2497, 0.2412, 0.2330, 0.2251,
244 0.2174, 0.2100
245 };
246
247 std::vector<G4double> ri = {
248 1.1596494139777, 1.1973256716307, 1.2280888354422, 1.2537289561387,
249 1.2753723963511, 1.2937460280032, 1.3096384003386, 1.3234105439689,
250 1.3354823573874, 1.3461171232165, 1.3555262189157, 1.36388143366,
251 1.3713701305288, 1.3780997735118, 1.3841208059058, 1.3895553417944,
252 1.3945035722002, 1.3989819997456, 1.4030708962299, 1.4067782146466,
253 1.4101696832452, 1.4132741569442, 1.416117293379, 1.4187459519934,
254 1.4211544161909, 1.4233613684394, 1.4254044329951, 1.427296093753,
255 1.4290287283802, 1.4306516985468, 1.4321372109342, 1.433529881253,
256 1.4348196176837, 1.4360139618555, 1.4371349603433, 1.4381729429417,
257 1.43914806608, 1.4400509385522, 1.4409133669095, 1.4417121733672,
258 1.4424645759259, 1.4431739285381, 1.4438434020915, 1.4444759883488,
259 1.4450861470109, 1.445664578157, 1.4462138519129, 1.4467363524093,
260 1.4472455774929, 1.4477322458328, 1.4482096590065, 1.448668310738,
261 1.4491214616538, 1.4495710901504, 1.4500069615101, 1.450447735732,
262 1.4508853971281, 1.4513240787777, 1.4517653834747, 1.4522138205731,
263 1.4526712743322, 1.4531396102638, 1.4536188536247, 1.4541161650842,
264 1.4546298754538, 1.4551660299221, 1.4557246986958, 1.4563104080175,
265 1.4569256013294, 1.4575758068817, 1.4582607881284, 1.4589865613939,
266 1.4597562854765, 1.4605730794883, 1.4614449911601, 1.4623764385944,
267 1.4633719346282, 1.4644360310913, 1.465580829975, 1.4668048202486,
268 1.4681218218832, 1.4695286500209, 1.4710525123802, 1.4727046797948,
269 1.4744682820342, 1.4763951298847, 1.4784676522483, 1.4807144415912,
270 1.4831504333467, 1.4857914366574, 1.488683281387, 1.4918215034661,
271 1.495262719426, 1.498999218542, 1.5031009629039, 1.5076095872199,
272 1.5125721155558, 1.5180417677275, 1.5240789072975, 1.530846431063,
273 1.5383576204905
274 };
275 // clang-format on
276
277 ConvertToEnergy(wl);
278 v = new G4MaterialPropertyVector(wl, ri);
279 }
280
281 else {
282 G4ExceptionDescription ed;
283 ed << "Material " << material << " not found.";
284 G4Exception("G4OpticalMaterialProperties::GetRefractiveIndex", "mat400", FatalException, ed);
285 return nullptr;
286 }
287
288 return v;
289 }
290
291 G4MaterialPropertyVector* GetProperty(const G4String& key, const G4String& mat)
292 {
293 if (key == "RINDEX") {
294 return GetRefractiveIndex(mat);
295 }
296
297 G4ExceptionDescription ed;
298 ed << "Property name " << key << " doesn't exist in optical properties data table.";
299 G4Exception("G4OpticalMaterialProperties::GetProperty", "mat401", FatalException, ed);
300 return nullptr;
301 }
302
303 } // namespace G4OpticalMaterialProperties
304
305 #endif
306