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27 /// \file optical/LXe/src/LXeDetectorConstruction.cc
28 /// \brief Implementation of the LXeDetectorConstruction class
29 //
30 //
31 #include "LXeDetectorConstruction.hh"
32
33 #include "LXeDetectorMessenger.hh"
34 #include "LXeMainVolume.hh"
35 #include "LXePMTSD.hh"
36 #include "LXeScintSD.hh"
37 #include "LXeWLSSlab.hh"
38
39 #include "G4Box.hh"
40 #include "G4GeometryManager.hh"
41 #include "G4LogicalBorderSurface.hh"
42 #include "G4LogicalSkinSurface.hh"
43 #include "G4LogicalVolume.hh"
44 #include "G4LogicalVolumeStore.hh"
45 #include "G4Material.hh"
46 #include "G4MaterialTable.hh"
47 #include "G4OpticalSurface.hh"
48 #include "G4PVPlacement.hh"
49 #include "G4PhysicalConstants.hh"
50 #include "G4PhysicalVolumeStore.hh"
51 #include "G4RunManager.hh"
52 #include "G4SDManager.hh"
53 #include "G4SolidStore.hh"
54 #include "G4Sphere.hh"
55 #include "G4SystemOfUnits.hh"
56 #include "G4ThreeVector.hh"
57 #include "G4Tubs.hh"
58 #include "G4UImanager.hh"
59 #include "G4VisAttributes.hh"
60 #include "globals.hh"
61
62 G4bool LXeDetectorConstruction::fSphereOn = true;
63
64 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
65
66 LXeDetectorConstruction::LXeDetectorConstruction()
67 {
68 SetDefaults();
69 DefineMaterials();
70 fDetectorMessenger = new LXeDetectorMessenger(this);
71 }
72
73 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
74
75 LXeDetectorConstruction::~LXeDetectorConstruction()
76 {
77 delete fMainVolume;
78 delete fLXe_mt;
79 delete fDetectorMessenger;
80 delete fMPTPStyrene;
81 }
82
83 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
84
85 void LXeDetectorConstruction::DefineMaterials()
86 {
87 G4double a; // atomic mass
88 G4double z; // atomic number
89 G4double density;
90
91 G4int polyPMMA = 1;
92 G4int nC_PMMA = 3 + 2 * polyPMMA;
93 G4int nH_PMMA = 6 + 2 * polyPMMA;
94
95 G4int polyeth = 1;
96 G4int nC_eth = 2 * polyeth;
97 G4int nH_eth = 4 * polyeth;
98
99 //***Elements
100 fH = new G4Element("H", "H", z = 1., a = 1.01 * g / mole);
101 fC = new G4Element("C", "C", z = 6., a = 12.01 * g / mole);
102 fN = new G4Element("N", "N", z = 7., a = 14.01 * g / mole);
103 fO = new G4Element("O", "O", z = 8., a = 16.00 * g / mole);
104
105 //***Materials
106 // Liquid Xenon
107 fLXe = new G4Material("LXe", z = 54., a = 131.29 * g / mole, density = 3.020 * g / cm3);
108 // Aluminum
109 fAl = new G4Material("Al", z = 13., a = 26.98 * g / mole, density = 2.7 * g / cm3);
110 // Vacuum
111 fVacuum = new G4Material("Vacuum", z = 1., a = 1.01 * g / mole, density = universe_mean_density,
112 kStateGas, 0.1 * kelvin, 1.e-19 * pascal);
113 // Air
114 fAir = new G4Material("Air", density = 1.29 * mg / cm3, 2);
115 fAir->AddElement(fN, 70 * perCent);
116 fAir->AddElement(fO, 30 * perCent);
117 // Glass
118 fGlass = new G4Material("Glass", density = 1.032 * g / cm3, 2);
119 fGlass->AddElement(fC, 91.533 * perCent);
120 fGlass->AddElement(fH, 8.467 * perCent);
121 // Polystyrene
122 fPstyrene = new G4Material("Polystyrene", density = 1.03 * g / cm3, 2);
123 fPstyrene->AddElement(fC, 8);
124 fPstyrene->AddElement(fH, 8);
125 // Fiber(PMMA)
126 fPMMA = new G4Material("PMMA", density = 1190. * kg / m3, 3);
127 fPMMA->AddElement(fH, nH_PMMA);
128 fPMMA->AddElement(fC, nC_PMMA);
129 fPMMA->AddElement(fO, 2);
130 // Cladding(polyethylene)
131 fPethylene1 = new G4Material("Pethylene1", density = 1200. * kg / m3, 2);
132 fPethylene1->AddElement(fH, nH_eth);
133 fPethylene1->AddElement(fC, nC_eth);
134 // Double cladding(flourinated polyethylene)
135 fPethylene2 = new G4Material("Pethylene2", density = 1400. * kg / m3, 2);
136 fPethylene2->AddElement(fH, nH_eth);
137 fPethylene2->AddElement(fC, nC_eth);
138
139 //***Material properties tables
140
141 std::vector<G4double> lxe_Energy = {7.0 * eV, 7.07 * eV, 7.14 * eV};
142
143 std::vector<G4double> lxe_SCINT = {0.1, 1.0, 0.1};
144 std::vector<G4double> lxe_RIND = {1.59, 1.57, 1.54};
145 std::vector<G4double> lxe_ABSL = {35. * cm, 35. * cm, 35. * cm};
146 fLXe_mt = new G4MaterialPropertiesTable();
147 fLXe_mt->AddProperty("SCINTILLATIONCOMPONENT1", lxe_Energy, lxe_SCINT);
148 fLXe_mt->AddProperty("SCINTILLATIONCOMPONENT2", lxe_Energy, lxe_SCINT);
149 fLXe_mt->AddProperty("RINDEX", lxe_Energy, lxe_RIND);
150 fLXe_mt->AddProperty("ABSLENGTH", lxe_Energy, lxe_ABSL);
151 fLXe_mt->AddConstProperty("SCINTILLATIONYIELD", 12000. / MeV);
152 fLXe_mt->AddConstProperty("RESOLUTIONSCALE", 1.0);
153 fLXe_mt->AddConstProperty("SCINTILLATIONTIMECONSTANT1", 20. * ns);
154 fLXe_mt->AddConstProperty("SCINTILLATIONTIMECONSTANT2", 45. * ns);
155 fLXe_mt->AddConstProperty("SCINTILLATIONYIELD1", 1.0);
156 fLXe_mt->AddConstProperty("SCINTILLATIONYIELD2", 0.0);
157 fLXe->SetMaterialPropertiesTable(fLXe_mt);
158
159 // Set the Birks Constant for the LXe scintillator
160 fLXe->GetIonisation()->SetBirksConstant(0.126 * mm / MeV);
161
162 std::vector<G4double> glass_AbsLength = {420. * cm, 420. * cm, 420. * cm};
163 auto glass_mt = new G4MaterialPropertiesTable();
164 glass_mt->AddProperty("ABSLENGTH", lxe_Energy, glass_AbsLength);
165 glass_mt->AddProperty("RINDEX", "Fused Silica");
166 fGlass->SetMaterialPropertiesTable(glass_mt);
167
168 auto vacuum_mt = new G4MaterialPropertiesTable();
169 vacuum_mt->AddProperty("RINDEX", "Air");
170 fVacuum->SetMaterialPropertiesTable(vacuum_mt);
171 fAir->SetMaterialPropertiesTable(vacuum_mt); // Give air the same rindex
172
173 std::vector<G4double> wls_Energy = {2.00 * eV, 2.87 * eV, 2.90 * eV, 3.47 * eV};
174
175 std::vector<G4double> rIndexPstyrene = {1.5, 1.5, 1.5, 1.5};
176 std::vector<G4double> absorption1 = {2. * cm, 2. * cm, 2. * cm, 2. * cm};
177 std::vector<G4double> scintilFast = {0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0};
178 fMPTPStyrene = new G4MaterialPropertiesTable();
179 fMPTPStyrene->AddProperty("RINDEX", wls_Energy, rIndexPstyrene);
180 fMPTPStyrene->AddProperty("ABSLENGTH", wls_Energy, absorption1);
181 fMPTPStyrene->AddProperty("SCINTILLATIONCOMPONENT1", wls_Energy, scintilFast);
182 fMPTPStyrene->AddConstProperty("SCINTILLATIONYIELD", 10. / keV);
183 fMPTPStyrene->AddConstProperty("RESOLUTIONSCALE", 1.0);
184 fMPTPStyrene->AddConstProperty("SCINTILLATIONTIMECONSTANT1", 10. * ns);
185 fPstyrene->SetMaterialPropertiesTable(fMPTPStyrene);
186
187 // Set the Birks Constant for the Polystyrene scintillator
188 fPstyrene->GetIonisation()->SetBirksConstant(0.126 * mm / MeV);
189
190 std::vector<G4double> AbsFiber = {9.0 * m, 9.0 * m, 0.1 * mm, 0.1 * mm};
191 std::vector<G4double> EmissionFib = {1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0};
192 auto fiberProperty = new G4MaterialPropertiesTable();
193 fiberProperty->AddProperty("RINDEX", "PMMA");
194 fiberProperty->AddProperty("WLSABSLENGTH", wls_Energy, AbsFiber);
195 fiberProperty->AddProperty("WLSCOMPONENT", wls_Energy, EmissionFib);
196 fiberProperty->AddConstProperty("WLSTIMECONSTANT", 0.5 * ns);
197 fPMMA->SetMaterialPropertiesTable(fiberProperty);
198
199 std::vector<G4double> RefractiveIndexClad1 = {1.49, 1.49, 1.49, 1.49};
200 auto clad1Property = new G4MaterialPropertiesTable();
201 clad1Property->AddProperty("RINDEX", wls_Energy, RefractiveIndexClad1);
202 clad1Property->AddProperty("ABSLENGTH", wls_Energy, AbsFiber);
203 fPethylene1->SetMaterialPropertiesTable(clad1Property);
204
205 std::vector<G4double> RefractiveIndexClad2 = {1.42, 1.42, 1.42, 1.42};
206 auto clad2Property = new G4MaterialPropertiesTable();
207 clad2Property->AddProperty("RINDEX", wls_Energy, RefractiveIndexClad2);
208 clad2Property->AddProperty("ABSLENGTH", wls_Energy, AbsFiber);
209 fPethylene2->SetMaterialPropertiesTable(clad2Property);
210 }
211
212 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
213
214 G4VPhysicalVolume* LXeDetectorConstruction::Construct()
215 {
216 // The experimental hall walls are all 1m away from housing walls
217 G4double expHall_x = fScint_x + fD_mtl + 1. * m;
218 G4double expHall_y = fScint_y + fD_mtl + 1. * m;
219 G4double expHall_z = fScint_z + fD_mtl + 1. * m;
220
221 // Create experimental hall
222 fExperimentalHall_box = new G4Box("expHall_box", expHall_x, expHall_y, expHall_z);
223 fExperimentalHall_log = new G4LogicalVolume(fExperimentalHall_box, fVacuum, "expHall_log");
224 fExperimentalHall_phys = new G4PVPlacement(nullptr, G4ThreeVector(), fExperimentalHall_log,
225 "expHall", nullptr, false, 0);
226
227 fExperimentalHall_log->SetVisAttributes(G4VisAttributes::GetInvisible());
228
229 // Place the main volume
230 if (fMainVolumeOn) {
231 fMainVolume =
232 new LXeMainVolume(nullptr, G4ThreeVector(), fExperimentalHall_log, false, 0, this);
233 }
234
235 // Place the WLS slab
236 if (fWLSslab) {
237 G4VPhysicalVolume* slab =
238 new LXeWLSSlab(nullptr, G4ThreeVector(0., 0., -fScint_z / 2. - fSlab_z - 1. * cm),
239 fExperimentalHall_log, false, 0, this);
240
241 // Surface properties for the WLS slab
242 auto scintWrap = new G4OpticalSurface("ScintWrap");
243
244 new G4LogicalBorderSurface("ScintWrap", slab, fExperimentalHall_phys, scintWrap);
245
246 scintWrap->SetType(dielectric_metal);
247 scintWrap->SetFinish(polished);
248 scintWrap->SetModel(glisur);
249
250 std::vector<G4double> pp = {2.0 * eV, 3.5 * eV};
251 std::vector<G4double> reflectivity = {1.0, 1.0};
252 std::vector<G4double> efficiency = {0.0, 0.0};
253
254 auto scintWrapProperty = new G4MaterialPropertiesTable();
255
256 scintWrapProperty->AddProperty("REFLECTIVITY", pp, reflectivity);
257 scintWrapProperty->AddProperty("EFFICIENCY", pp, efficiency);
258 scintWrap->SetMaterialPropertiesTable(scintWrapProperty);
259 }
260
261 return fExperimentalHall_phys;
262 }
263
264 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
265
266 void LXeDetectorConstruction::ConstructSDandField()
267 {
268 if (!fMainVolume) return;
269
270 // PMT SD
271
272 LXePMTSD* pmt = fPmt_SD.Get();
273 if (!pmt) {
274 // Created here so it exists as pmts are being placed
275 G4cout << "Construction /LXeDet/pmtSD" << G4endl;
276 auto pmt_SD = new LXePMTSD("/LXeDet/pmtSD");
277 fPmt_SD.Put(pmt_SD);
278
279 pmt_SD->InitPMTs();
280 pmt_SD->SetPmtPositions(fMainVolume->GetPmtPositions());
281 }
282 else {
283 pmt->InitPMTs();
284 pmt->SetPmtPositions(fMainVolume->GetPmtPositions());
285 }
286 G4SDManager::GetSDMpointer()->AddNewDetector(fPmt_SD.Get());
287 // sensitive detector is not actually on the photocathode.
288 // processHits gets done manually by the stepping action.
289 // It is used to detect when photons hit and get absorbed & detected at the
290 // boundary to the photocathode (which doesn't get done by attaching it to a
291 // logical volume.
292 // It does however need to be attached to something or else it doesn't get
293 // reset at the begining of events
294
295 SetSensitiveDetector(fMainVolume->GetLogPhotoCath(), fPmt_SD.Get());
296
297 // Scint SD
298
299 if (!fScint_SD.Get()) {
300 G4cout << "Construction /LXeDet/scintSD" << G4endl;
301 auto scint_SD = new LXeScintSD("/LXeDet/scintSD");
302 fScint_SD.Put(scint_SD);
303 }
304 G4SDManager::GetSDMpointer()->AddNewDetector(fScint_SD.Get());
305 SetSensitiveDetector(fMainVolume->GetLogScint(), fScint_SD.Get());
306 }
307
308 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
309
310 void LXeDetectorConstruction::SetDimensions(G4ThreeVector dims)
311 {
312 fScint_x = dims[0];
313 fScint_y = dims[1];
314 fScint_z = dims[2];
315 G4RunManager::GetRunManager()->ReinitializeGeometry();
316 }
317
318 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
319
320 void LXeDetectorConstruction::SetHousingThickness(G4double d_mtl)
321 {
322 fD_mtl = d_mtl;
323 G4RunManager::GetRunManager()->ReinitializeGeometry();
324 }
325
326 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
327
328 void LXeDetectorConstruction::SetNX(G4int nx)
329 {
330 fNx = nx;
331 G4RunManager::GetRunManager()->ReinitializeGeometry();
332 }
333
334 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
335
336 void LXeDetectorConstruction::SetNY(G4int ny)
337 {
338 fNy = ny;
339 G4RunManager::GetRunManager()->ReinitializeGeometry();
340 }
341
342 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
343
344 void LXeDetectorConstruction::SetNZ(G4int nz)
345 {
346 fNz = nz;
347 G4RunManager::GetRunManager()->ReinitializeGeometry();
348 }
349
350 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
351
352 void LXeDetectorConstruction::SetPMTRadius(G4double outerRadius_pmt)
353 {
354 fOuterRadius_pmt = outerRadius_pmt;
355 G4RunManager::GetRunManager()->ReinitializeGeometry();
356 }
357
358 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
359
360 void LXeDetectorConstruction::SetDefaults()
361 {
362 // Resets to default values
363 fD_mtl = 0.0635 * cm;
364
365 fScint_x = 17.8 * cm;
366 fScint_y = 17.8 * cm;
367 fScint_z = 22.6 * cm;
368
369 fNx = 2;
370 fNy = 2;
371 fNz = 3;
372
373 fOuterRadius_pmt = 2.3 * cm;
374
375 fSphereOn = true;
376 fRefl = 1.0;
377
378 fNfibers = 15;
379 fWLSslab = false;
380 fMainVolumeOn = true;
381 fMainVolume = nullptr;
382 fSlab_z = 2.5 * mm;
383
384 G4UImanager::GetUIpointer()->ApplyCommand("/LXe/detector/scintYieldFactor 1.");
385
386 if (fLXe_mt) fLXe_mt->AddConstProperty("SCINTILLATIONYIELD", 12000. / MeV);
387 if (fMPTPStyrene) fMPTPStyrene->AddConstProperty("SCINTILLATIONYIELD", 10. / keV);
388 }
389
390 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
391
392 void LXeDetectorConstruction::SetSphereOn(G4bool b)
393 {
394 fSphereOn = b;
395 G4RunManager::GetRunManager()->ReinitializeGeometry();
396 }
397
398 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
399
400 void LXeDetectorConstruction::SetHousingReflectivity(G4double r)
401 {
402 fRefl = r;
403 G4RunManager::GetRunManager()->ReinitializeGeometry();
404 }
405
406 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
407
408 void LXeDetectorConstruction::SetWLSSlabOn(G4bool b)
409 {
410 fWLSslab = b;
411 G4RunManager::GetRunManager()->ReinitializeGeometry();
412 }
413
414 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
415
416 void LXeDetectorConstruction::SetMainVolumeOn(G4bool b)
417 {
418 fMainVolumeOn = b;
419 G4RunManager::GetRunManager()->ReinitializeGeometry();
420 }
421
422 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
423
424 void LXeDetectorConstruction::SetNFibers(G4int n)
425 {
426 fNfibers = n;
427 G4RunManager::GetRunManager()->ReinitializeGeometry();
428 }
429
430 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
431
432 void LXeDetectorConstruction::SetMainScintYield(G4double y)
433 {
434 fLXe_mt->AddConstProperty("SCINTILLATIONYIELD", y / MeV);
435 }
436
437 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
438
439 void LXeDetectorConstruction::SetWLSScintYield(G4double y)
440 {
441 fMPTPStyrene->AddConstProperty("SCINTILLATIONYIELD", y / MeV);
442 }
443
444 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
445
446 void LXeDetectorConstruction::SetSaveThreshold(G4int save)
447 {
448 // Sets the save threshold for the random number seed. If the number of
449 // photons generated in an event is lower than this, then save the seed for
450 // this event in a file called run###evt###.rndm
451
452 fSaveThreshold = save;
453 G4RunManager::GetRunManager()->SetRandomNumberStore(true);
454 }
455
456 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
457