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27 /// \file electromagnetic/TestEm10/src/Materia
28 /// \brief Implementation of the Materials cla
29 //
30 //
31 //
32 // GEANT 4 class
33 //
34 // History: based on object model of
35 // Materials
36 // Originally Created in Test30 by Vladimi
37 //
38 // Modified for Test by V. Grichine, 29 Jan
39 // is filled with XTR related materials, pl
40
41 #include "Materials.hh"
42
43 #include "G4Material.hh"
44 #include "G4MaterialTable.hh"
45 #include "G4SystemOfUnits.hh"
46 #include "G4UnitsTable.hh"
47
48 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo
49
50 Materials* Materials::fgInstance = 0;
51
52 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo
53
54 Materials* Materials::GetInstance()
55 {
56 if (!fgInstance) {
57 fgInstance = new Materials();
58 }
59 return fgInstance;
60 }
61
62 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo
63
64 Materials::Materials()
65 {
66 fgInstance = this;
67 Initialise();
68 }
69
70 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo
71
72 Materials::~Materials() {}
73
74 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo
75
76 void Materials::Initialise()
77 {
78 G4String name, symbol;
79 G4double a, z;
80 G4double density, fractionmass;
81 G4int nel, ncomponents;
82
83 // define Elements
84
85 a = 1.01 * g / mole;
86 G4Element* elH = new G4Element(name = "Hydro
87
88 a = 6.94 * g / mole;
89 G4Element* elLi = new G4Element(name = "Lith
90
91 a = 9.01 * g / mole;
92 G4Element* elBe = new G4Element(name = "Beri
93
94 a = 12.01 * g / mole;
95 G4Element* elC = new G4Element(name = "Carbo
96
97 a = 14.01 * g / mole;
98 G4Element* elN = new G4Element(name = "Nitro
99
100 a = 16.00 * g / mole;
101 G4Element* elO = new G4Element(name = "Oxyge
102
103 a = 39.948 * g / mole;
104 G4Element* elAr = new G4Element(name = "Argo
105
106 /*
107 a = 131.29*g/mole;
108 G4Element* elXe = new G4Element(name="Xenon"
109
110 a = 19.00*g/mole;
111 G4Element* elF = new G4Element(name="Fluori
112 */
113
114 //////////////
115 //
116 // Detector windows, electrodes
117 // Al for electrodes
118
119 density = 2.700 * g / cm3;
120 a = 26.98 * g / mole;
121 new G4Material(name = "Al", z = 13., a, dens
122
123 /////////
124 //
125 // Materials for popular X-ray TR radiators
126 //
127
128 // TRT_CH2
129
130 density = 0.935 * g / cm3;
131 G4Material* TRT_CH2 = new G4Material(name =
132 TRT_CH2->AddElement(elC, 1);
133 TRT_CH2->AddElement(elH, 2);
134
135 // Radiator
136
137 density = 0.059 * g / cm3;
138 G4Material* Radiator = new G4Material(name =
139 Radiator->AddElement(elC, 1);
140 Radiator->AddElement(elH, 2);
141
142 // Carbon Fiber
143
144 density = 0.145 * g / cm3;
145 G4Material* CarbonFiber = new G4Material(nam
146 CarbonFiber->AddElement(elC, 1);
147
148 // Lithium
149
150 density = 0.534 * g / cm3;
151 G4Material* Li = new G4Material(name = "Li",
152 Li->AddElement(elLi, 1);
153
154 // Beryllium
155
156 density = 1.848 * g / cm3;
157 G4Material* Be = new G4Material(name = "Be",
158 Be->AddElement(elBe, 1);
159
160 // Mylar
161
162 density = 1.39 * g / cm3;
163 G4Material* Mylar = new G4Material(name = "M
164 Mylar->AddElement(elO, 2);
165 Mylar->AddElement(elC, 5);
166 Mylar->AddElement(elH, 4);
167
168 // Kapton Dupont de Nemur (density: 1.396-1.
169
170 density = 1.413 * g / cm3;
171 G4Material* Kapton = new G4Material(name = "
172 Kapton->AddElement(elO, 5);
173 Kapton->AddElement(elC, 22);
174 Kapton->AddElement(elN, 2);
175 Kapton->AddElement(elH, 10);
176
177 // Kapton (polyimide) ??? since = Mylar C5H4
178
179 // density = 1.39*g/cm3;
180 // G4Material* kapton = new G4Material(name=
181 // Kapton->AddElement(elO,2);
182 // Kapton->AddElement(elC,5);
183 // Kapton->AddElement(elH,4);
184
185 // Polypropelene
186
187 G4Material* CH2 = new G4Material("CH2", 0.91
188 CH2->AddElement(elH, 2);
189 CH2->AddElement(elC, 1);
190
191 ////////////////////////////
192 //
193 // Noble gases , STP conditions
194
195 // Helium as detector gas, STP
196
197 density = 0.178 * mg / cm3;
198 a = 4.0026 * g / mole;
199 G4Material* He = new G4Material(name = "He",
200
201 // Neon as detector gas, STP
202
203 density = 0.900 * mg / cm3;
204 a = 20.179 * g / mole;
205 new G4Material(name = "Ne", z = 10., a, dens
206
207 // Argon as detector gas, STP
208
209 density = 1.7836 * mg / cm3; // STP
210 G4Material* Argon = new G4Material(name = "A
211 Argon->AddElement(elAr, 1);
212
213 // Krypton as detector gas, STP
214
215 density = 3.700 * mg / cm3;
216 a = 83.80 * g / mole;
217 G4Material* Kr = new G4Material(name = "Kr",
218
219 // Xenon as detector gas, STP
220
221 density = 5.858 * mg / cm3;
222 a = 131.29 * g / mole;
223 G4Material* Xe = new G4Material(name = "Xeno
224
225 /////////////////////////////////
226 //
227 // Hydrocarbones, metane and others
228
229 // Metane, STP
230
231 density = 0.7174 * mg / cm3;
232 G4Material* metane = new G4Material(name = "
233 metane->AddElement(elC, 1);
234 metane->AddElement(elH, 4);
235
236 // Propane, STP
237
238 density = 2.005 * mg / cm3;
239 G4Material* propane = new G4Material(name =
240 propane->AddElement(elC, 3);
241 propane->AddElement(elH, 8);
242
243 // iso-Butane (methylpropane), STP
244
245 density = 2.67 * mg / cm3;
246 G4Material* isobutane = new G4Material(name
247 isobutane->AddElement(elC, 4);
248 isobutane->AddElement(elH, 10);
249
250 /////////////////////////
251 //
252 // Molecular gases
253
254 // Carbon dioxide, STP
255
256 density = 1.977 * mg / cm3;
257 G4Material* CO2 =
258 new G4Material(name = "CO2", density, nel
259 CO2->AddElement(elC, 1);
260 CO2->AddElement(elO, 2);
261
262 // Carbon dioxide, STP
263
264 density = 1.977 * 273. * mg / cm3 / 293.;
265 G4Material* CarbonDioxide = new G4Material(n
266 CarbonDioxide->AddElement(elC, 1);
267 CarbonDioxide->AddElement(elO, 2);
268
269 // Nitrogen, STP
270
271 density = 1.25053 * mg / cm3; // STP
272 G4Material* Nitrogen = new G4Material(name =
273 Nitrogen->AddElement(elN, 2);
274
275 // Oxygen, STP
276
277 density = 1.4289 * mg / cm3; // STP
278 G4Material* Oxygen = new G4Material(name = "
279 Oxygen->AddElement(elO, 2);
280
281 /* *****************************
282 density = 1.25053*mg/cm3; // STP
283 a = 14.01*g/mole ; // get atomic weigh
284 // a = 28.016*g/mole;
285 G4Material* N2 = new G4Material(name="Nitro
286
287 density = 1.25053*mg/cm3; // STP
288 G4Material* anotherN2 = new G4Material(name=
289 anotherN2->AddElement(elN, 1);
290 anotherN2->AddElement(elN, 1);
291
292 // air made from oxigen and nitrogen only
293
294 density = 1.290*mg/cm3; // old air from ele
295 G4Material* air = new G4Material(name="air"
296 air->AddElement(elN, fractionmass=0.7);
297 air->AddElement(elO, fractionmass=0.3);
298 ********************************************
299
300 // Dry Air (average composition with Ar), ST
301
302 density = 1.2928 * mg / cm3; // STP
303 G4Material* Air = new G4Material(name = "Air
304 Air->AddMaterial(Nitrogen, fractionmass = 0.
305 Air->AddMaterial(Oxygen, fractionmass = 0.23
306 Air->AddMaterial(Argon, fractionmass = 0.012
307
308 ////////////////////////////////////////////
309 //
310 // MWPC mixtures
311
312 // 85% Xe + 15% CO2, STP
313
314 density = 4.9 * mg / cm3;
315 G4Material* Xe15CO2 = new G4Material(name =
316 Xe15CO2->AddMaterial(Xe, fractionmass = 0.97
317 Xe15CO2->AddMaterial(CarbonDioxide, fraction
318
319 // 80% Xe + 20% CO2, STP
320
321 density = 5.0818 * mg / cm3;
322 G4Material* Xe20CO2 = new G4Material(name =
323 Xe20CO2->AddMaterial(Xe, fractionmass = 0.92
324 Xe20CO2->AddMaterial(CarbonDioxide, fraction
325
326 // 70% Xe + 27% CO2 + 3% O2, 20 1 atm ATLAS
327
328 density = 4.358 * mg / cm3;
329 G4Material* Xe27CO23O2 = new G4Material(name
330 Xe27CO23O2->AddMaterial(Xe, fractionmass = 0
331 Xe27CO23O2->AddMaterial(CarbonDioxide, fract
332 Xe27CO23O2->AddMaterial(Oxygen, fractionmass
333
334 // 80% Kr + 20% CO2, STP
335
336 density = 3.601 * mg / cm3;
337 G4Material* Kr20CO2 = new G4Material(name =
338 Kr20CO2->AddMaterial(Kr, fractionmass = 0.89
339 Kr20CO2->AddMaterial(CarbonDioxide, fraction
340
341 // Xe + 55% He + 15% CH4 ; NIM A294 (1990) 4
342
343 density = 1.963 * 273. * mg / cm3 / 293.;
344 G4Material* Xe55He15CH4 = new G4Material(nam
345 Xe55He15CH4->AddMaterial(Xe, 0.895);
346 Xe55He15CH4->AddMaterial(He, 0.050);
347 Xe55He15CH4->AddMaterial(metane, 0.055);
348
349 // 90% Xe + 10% CH4, STP ; NIM A248 (1986) 3
350
351 density = 5.344 * mg / cm3;
352 G4Material* Xe10CH4 = new G4Material(name =
353 Xe10CH4->AddMaterial(Xe, fractionmass = 0.98
354 Xe10CH4->AddMaterial(metane, fractionmass =
355
356 // 95% Xe + 5% CH4, STP ; NIM A214 (1983) 26
357
358 density = 5.601 * mg / cm3;
359 G4Material* Xe5CH4 = new G4Material(name = "
360 Xe5CH4->AddMaterial(Xe, fractionmass = 0.994
361 Xe5CH4->AddMaterial(metane, fractionmass = 0
362
363 // 80% Xe + 20% CH4, STP ; NIM A253 (1987) 2
364
365 density = 4.83 * mg / cm3;
366 G4Material* Xe20CH4 = new G4Material(name =
367 Xe20CH4->AddMaterial(Xe, fractionmass = 0.97
368 Xe20CH4->AddMaterial(metane, fractionmass =
369
370 // 93% Ar + 7% CH4, STP ; NIM 107 (1973) 413
371
372 density = 1.709 * mg / cm3;
373 G4Material* Ar7CH4 = new G4Material(name = "
374 Ar7CH4->AddMaterial(Argon, fractionmass = 0.
375 Ar7CH4->AddMaterial(metane, fractionmass = 0
376
377 // 93% Kr + 7% CH4, STP ; NIM 107 (1973) 413
378
379 density = 3.491 * mg / cm3;
380 G4Material* Kr7CH4 = new G4Material(name = "
381 Kr7CH4->AddMaterial(Kr, fractionmass = 0.986
382 Kr7CH4->AddMaterial(metane, fractionmass = 0
383
384 // 0.5*(95% Xe + 5% CH4)+0.5*(93% Ar + 7% CH
385
386 density = 3.655 * mg / cm3;
387 G4Material* XeArCH4 = new G4Material(name =
388 XeArCH4->AddMaterial(Xe5CH4, fractionmass =
389 XeArCH4->AddMaterial(Ar7CH4, fractionmass =
390
391 // Silicon as detector material
392
393 density = 2.330 * g / cm3;
394 a = 28.09 * g / mole;
395 new G4Material(name = "Si", z = 14., a, dens
396
397 /*
398 G4Material* ma;
399 ma = new G4Material("H", 1., 1.0*g/mol
400 ma = new G4Material("D", 1., 2.0*g/mol
401 ma = new G4Material("Li", 3., 6.941*g/m
402 ma = new G4Material("Be", 4., 9.01*g/mo
403 ma = new G4Material("C", 6., 12.00*g/m
404 ma = new G4Material("Graphite",6., 12
405 ma->SetChemicalFormula("Graphite");
406 ma = new G4Material("Al", 13., 26.98*g/
407 ma = new G4Material("Si", 14., 29
408 ma = new G4Material("LAr", 18., 39
409 ma = new G4Material("Zr", 40., 91
410 ma = new G4Material("LXe", 54., 131
411 ma = new G4Material("Fe", 26., 55
412 ma = new G4Material("Ni", 29., 58
413 ma = new G4Material("Cu", 29., 63
414 ma = new G4Material("Au", 79., 196
415 ma = new G4Material("Ta", 73., 180
416 ma = new G4Material("W", 74., 183
417 ma = new G4Material("Pb", 82., 207
418 ma = new G4Material("Bi", 83., 208
419 ma = new G4Material("U", 92., 238
420
421 G4Element* H = new G4Element ("Hydrogen",
422 G4Element* N = new G4Element ("Nitrigen",
423 G4Element* O = new G4Element ("Oxygen" ,
424 G4Element* C = new G4Element ("Carbon" ,
425 G4Element* Cs = new G4Element ("Cesium" ,
426 G4Element* I = new G4Element ("Iodide" ,
427
428 ma = new G4Material("O2", 8., 16.00*g/mole,
429 ma->SetChemicalFormula("O_2");
430 ma = new G4Material ("Water" , 1.*g/cm3, 2);
431 ma->AddElement(H,2);
432 ma->AddElement(O,1);
433 ma->SetChemicalFormula("H_2O");
434 ma = new G4Material ("Ethane" , 0.4241*g/cm3
435 ma->AddElement(H,6);
436 ma->AddElement(C,2);
437 ma->SetChemicalFormula("C_2H_6");
438 ma = new G4Material ("CsI" , 4.53*g/cm3, 2);
439 ma->AddElement(Cs,1);
440 ma->AddElement(I,1);
441 ma->SetChemicalFormula("CsI");
442 ma = new G4Material("Air" , 1.290*mg/cm3, 2
443 // use fraction in mass
444 ma->AddElement(N, 0.7);
445 ma->AddElement(O, 0.3);
446 */
447 }
448
449 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo
450
451 G4Material* Materials::GetMaterial(const G4Str
452 {
453 // const G4MaterialTable* theMaterialTable
454
455 G4Material* ma = G4Material::GetMaterial(nam
456
457 G4cout << "Material is selected: " << ma->Ge
458 return ma;
459 }
460