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25 //
26 //
27
28 #include "G4DNADingfelderChargeIncreaseModel.hh"
29 #include "G4PhysicalConstants.hh"
30 #include "G4SystemOfUnits.hh"
31 #include "G4DNAMolecularMaterial.hh"
32 #include "G4Log.hh"
33 #include "G4Pow.hh"
34 #include "G4Alpha.hh"
35
36 static G4Pow * gpow = G4Pow::GetInstance();
37
38 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
39
40 using namespace std;
41
42 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
43
44 G4DNADingfelderChargeIncreaseModel::G4DNADingfelderChargeIncreaseModel(const G4ParticleDefinition*,
45 const G4String& nam) :
46 G4VEmModel(nam)
47 {
48 if (verboseLevel > 0)
49 {
50 G4cout << "Dingfelder charge increase model is constructed " << G4endl;
51 }
52 }
53
54 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
55
56 void G4DNADingfelderChargeIncreaseModel::Initialise(const G4ParticleDefinition* particle,
57 const G4DataVector& /*cuts*/)
58 {
59
60 if (verboseLevel > 3)
61 {
62 G4cout << "Calling G4DNADingfelderChargeIncreaseModel::Initialise()"
63 << G4endl;
64 }
65
66 // Energy limits
67
68 G4DNAGenericIonsManager *instance;
69 instance = G4DNAGenericIonsManager::Instance();
70 hydrogenDef = instance->GetIon("hydrogen");
71 alphaPlusPlusDef = G4Alpha::Alpha();
72 alphaPlusDef = instance->GetIon("alpha+");
73 heliumDef = instance->GetIon("helium");
74
75 G4String hydrogen;
76 G4String alphaPlus;
77 G4String helium;
78
79 // Limits
80
81 hydrogen = hydrogenDef->GetParticleName();
82 lowEnergyLimit[hydrogen] = 100. * eV;
83 highEnergyLimit[hydrogen] = 100. * MeV;
84
85 alphaPlus = alphaPlusDef->GetParticleName();
86 lowEnergyLimit[alphaPlus] = 1. * keV;
87 highEnergyLimit[alphaPlus] = 400. * MeV;
88
89 helium = heliumDef->GetParticleName();
90 lowEnergyLimit[helium] = 1. * keV;
91 highEnergyLimit[helium] = 400. * MeV;
92
93 //
94
95 if (particle==hydrogenDef)
96 {
97 SetLowEnergyLimit(lowEnergyLimit[hydrogen]);
98 SetHighEnergyLimit(highEnergyLimit[hydrogen]);
99 }
100
101 if (particle==alphaPlusDef)
102 {
103 SetLowEnergyLimit(lowEnergyLimit[alphaPlus]);
104 SetHighEnergyLimit(highEnergyLimit[alphaPlus]);
105 }
106
107 if (particle==heliumDef)
108 {
109 SetLowEnergyLimit(lowEnergyLimit[helium]);
110 SetHighEnergyLimit(highEnergyLimit[helium]);
111 }
112
113 // Final state
114
115 //ALPHA+
116
117 f0[0][0]=1.;
118 a0[0][0]=2.25;
119 a1[0][0]=-0.75;
120 b0[0][0]=-32.10;
121 c0[0][0]=0.600;
122 d0[0][0]=2.40;
123 x0[0][0]=4.60;
124
125 x1[0][0]=-1.;
126 b1[0][0]=-1.;
127
128 numberOfPartialCrossSections[0]=1;
129
130 //HELIUM
131
132 f0[0][1]=1.;
133 a0[0][1]=2.25;
134 a1[0][1]=-0.75;
135 b0[0][1]=-30.93;
136 c0[0][1]=0.590;
137 d0[0][1]=2.35;
138 x0[0][1]=4.29;
139
140 f0[1][1]=1.;
141 a0[1][1]=2.25;
142 a1[1][1]=-0.75;
143 b0[1][1]=-32.61;
144 c0[1][1]=0.435;
145 d0[1][1]=2.70;
146 x0[1][1]=4.45;
147
148 x1[0][1]=-1.;
149 b1[0][1]=-1.;
150
151 x1[1][1]=-1.;
152 b1[1][1]=-1.;
153
154 numberOfPartialCrossSections[1]=2;
155
156 //
157
158 if( verboseLevel>0 )
159 {
160 G4cout << "Dingfelder charge increase model is initialized " << G4endl
161 << "Energy range: "
162 << LowEnergyLimit() / keV << " keV - "
163 << HighEnergyLimit() / MeV << " MeV for "
164 << particle->GetParticleName()
165 << G4endl;
166 }
167
168 // Initialize water density pointer
169 fpMolWaterDensity = G4DNAMolecularMaterial::Instance()->GetNumMolPerVolTableFor(G4Material::GetMaterial("G4_WATER"));
170
171 if (isInitialised) return;
172
173 fParticleChangeForGamma = GetParticleChangeForGamma();
174 isInitialised = true;
175 }
176
177 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
178
179 G4double G4DNADingfelderChargeIncreaseModel::CrossSectionPerVolume(const G4Material* material,
180 const G4ParticleDefinition* particleDefinition,
181 G4double k,
182 G4double,
183 G4double)
184 {
185 if (verboseLevel > 3)
186 {
187 G4cout
188 << "Calling CrossSectionPerVolume() of G4DNADingfelderChargeIncreaseModel"
189 << G4endl;
190 }
191
192 // Calculate total cross section for model
193
194 if (
195 particleDefinition != hydrogenDef
196 &&
197 particleDefinition != alphaPlusDef
198 &&
199 particleDefinition != heliumDef
200 )
201
202 return 0;
203
204 G4double lowLim = 0;
205 G4double highLim = 0;
206 G4double totalCrossSection = 0.;
207
208 G4double waterDensity = (*fpMolWaterDensity)[material->GetIndex()];
209
210 const G4String& particleName = particleDefinition->GetParticleName();
211
212 std::map< G4String,G4double,std::less<G4String> >::iterator pos1;
213 pos1 = lowEnergyLimit.find(particleName);
214
215 if (pos1 != lowEnergyLimit.end())
216 {
217 lowLim = pos1->second;
218 }
219
220 std::map< G4String,G4double,std::less<G4String> >::iterator pos2;
221 pos2 = highEnergyLimit.find(particleName);
222
223 if (pos2 != highEnergyLimit.end())
224 {
225 highLim = pos2->second;
226 }
227
228 if (k >= lowLim && k <= highLim)
229 {
230 //HYDROGEN
231 if (particleDefinition == hydrogenDef)
232 {
233 const G4double aa = 2.835;
234 const G4double bb = 0.310;
235 const G4double cc = 2.100;
236 const G4double dd = 0.760;
237 const G4double fac = 1.0e-18;
238 const G4double rr = 13.606 * eV;
239
240 G4double t = k / (proton_mass_c2/electron_mass_c2);
241 G4double x = t / rr;
242 G4double temp = 4.0 * pi * Bohr_radius/nm * Bohr_radius/nm * fac;
243 G4double sigmal = temp * cc * (gpow->powA(x,dd));
244 G4double sigmah = temp * (aa * G4Log(1.0 + x) + bb) / x;
245 totalCrossSection = 1.0/(1.0/sigmal + 1.0/sigmah) *m*m;
246 }
247 else
248 {
249 totalCrossSection = Sum(k,particleDefinition);
250 }
251 }
252
253 if (verboseLevel > 2)
254 {
255 G4cout << "__________________________________" << G4endl;
256 G4cout << "G4DNADingfelderChargeIncreaseModel - XS INFO START" << G4endl;
257 G4cout << "Kinetic energy(eV)=" << k/eV << " particle : " << particleName << G4endl;
258 G4cout << "Cross section per water molecule (cm^2)=" << totalCrossSection/cm/cm << G4endl;
259 G4cout << "Cross section per water molecule (cm^-1)=" << totalCrossSection*waterDensity/(1./cm) << G4endl;
260 // G4cout << " - Cross section per water molecule (cm^-1)="
261 // << sigma*material->GetAtomicNumDensityVector()[1]/(1./cm) << G4endl;
262 G4cout << "G4DNADingfelderChargeIncreaseModel - XS INFO END" << G4endl;
263 }
264
265 return totalCrossSection*waterDensity;
266 // return totalCrossSection*material->GetAtomicNumDensityVector()[1];
267
268 }
269
270 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
271
272 void G4DNADingfelderChargeIncreaseModel::SampleSecondaries(std::vector<
273 G4DynamicParticle*>* fvect,
274 const G4MaterialCutsCouple* /*couple*/,
275 const G4DynamicParticle* aDynamicParticle,
276 G4double,
277 G4double)
278 {
279 if (verboseLevel > 3)
280 {
281 G4cout
282 << "Calling SampleSecondaries() of G4DNADingfelderChargeIncreaseModel"
283 << G4endl;
284 }
285
286 if (!statCode) fParticleChangeForGamma->ProposeLocalEnergyDeposit(0.);
287
288 G4ParticleDefinition* definition = aDynamicParticle->GetDefinition();
289
290 G4double particleMass = definition->GetPDGMass();
291
292 G4double inK = aDynamicParticle->GetKineticEnergy();
293
294 G4int finalStateIndex = RandomSelect(inK,definition);
295
296 G4int n = NumberOfFinalStates(definition,finalStateIndex);
297
298 G4double outK = 0.;
299
300 if (!statCode) outK = inK - IncomingParticleBindingEnergyConstant(definition,finalStateIndex);
301
302 else outK = inK;
303
304 if (statCode)
305 fParticleChangeForGamma->
306 ProposeLocalEnergyDeposit(IncomingParticleBindingEnergyConstant(definition,finalStateIndex));
307
308 fParticleChangeForGamma->ProposeTrackStatus(fStopAndKill);
309
310 G4double electronK;
311 if (definition == hydrogenDef) electronK = inK*electron_mass_c2/proton_mass_c2;
312 else electronK = inK*electron_mass_c2/(particleMass);
313
314 if (outK<0)
315 {
316 G4Exception("G4DNADingfelderChargeIncreaseModel::SampleSecondaries","em0004",
317 FatalException,"Final kinetic energy is negative.");
318 }
319
320 auto dp = new G4DynamicParticle(OutgoingParticleDefinition(definition,finalStateIndex),
321 aDynamicParticle->GetMomentumDirection(),
322 outK);
323
324 fvect->push_back(dp);
325
326 n = n - 1;
327
328 while (n>0)
329 {
330 n--;
331 fvect->push_back(new G4DynamicParticle
332 (G4Electron::Electron(), aDynamicParticle->GetMomentumDirection(), electronK) );
333 }
334 }
335
336 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
337
338 G4int G4DNADingfelderChargeIncreaseModel::NumberOfFinalStates(G4ParticleDefinition* particleDefinition,
339 G4int finalStateIndex)
340
341 {
342
343 if (particleDefinition == hydrogenDef)
344 return 2;
345
346 if (particleDefinition == alphaPlusDef)
347 return 2;
348
349 if (particleDefinition == heliumDef)
350 {
351 if (finalStateIndex == 0)
352 return 2;
353 return 3;
354 }
355
356 return 0;
357 }
358
359 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
360
361 G4ParticleDefinition* G4DNADingfelderChargeIncreaseModel::OutgoingParticleDefinition(G4ParticleDefinition* particleDefinition,
362 G4int finalStateIndex)
363 {
364
365 if (particleDefinition == hydrogenDef)
366 return G4Proton::Proton();
367
368 if (particleDefinition == alphaPlusDef)
369 return alphaPlusPlusDef;
370
371 if (particleDefinition == heliumDef)
372 {
373 if (finalStateIndex == 0)
374 return alphaPlusDef;
375 return alphaPlusPlusDef;
376 }
377
378 return nullptr;
379 }
380
381 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
382
383 G4double G4DNADingfelderChargeIncreaseModel::IncomingParticleBindingEnergyConstant(G4ParticleDefinition* particleDefinition,
384 G4int finalStateIndex)
385 {
386
387 if (particleDefinition == hydrogenDef)
388 return 13.6 * eV;
389
390 if (particleDefinition == alphaPlusDef)
391 {
392 // Binding energy for He+ -> He++ + e- 54.509 eV
393 // Binding energy for He -> He+ + e- 24.587 eV
394 return 54.509 * eV;
395 }
396
397 if (particleDefinition == heliumDef)
398 {
399 // Binding energy for He+ -> He++ + e- 54.509 eV
400 // Binding energy for He -> He+ + e- 24.587 eV
401
402 if (finalStateIndex == 0)
403 return 24.587 * eV;
404 return (54.509 + 24.587) * eV;
405 }
406
407 return 0;
408 }
409
410 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
411
412 G4double G4DNADingfelderChargeIncreaseModel::PartialCrossSection(const G4double& k,
413 const G4int& index,
414 const G4ParticleDefinition* particleDefinition)
415 {
416 G4int particleTypeIndex = 0;
417
418 if (particleDefinition == alphaPlusDef)
419 particleTypeIndex = 0;
420
421 if (particleDefinition == heliumDef)
422 particleTypeIndex = 1;
423
424 //
425 // sigma(T) = f0 10 ^ y(log10(T/eV))
426 //
427 // / a0 x + b0 x < x0
428 // |
429 // y(x) = < a0 x + b0 - c0 (x - x0)^d0 x0 <= x < x1
430 // |
431 // \ a1 x + b1 x >= x1
432 //
433 //
434 // f0, a0, a1, b0, b1, c0, d0, x0, x1 are parameters that change for protons and helium (0, +, ++)
435 //
436 // f0 has been added to the code in order to manage partial (shell-dependent) cross sections
437 // (if no shell dependence is present. f0=1. Sum of f0 over the considered shells should give 1)
438 //
439 // From Rad. Phys. and Chem. 59 (2000) 255-275, M. Dingfelder et al.
440 // Inelastic-collision cross sections of liquid water for interactions of energetic proton
441 //
442
443 if (x1[index][particleTypeIndex] < x0[index][particleTypeIndex])
444 {
445 //
446 // if x1 < x0 means that x1 and b1 will be calculated with the following formula
447 // (this piece of code is run on all alphas and not on protons)
448 //
449 // x1 = x0 + ((a0 - a1)/(c0 * d0)) ^ (1 / (d0 - 1))
450 //
451 // b1 = (a0 - a1) * x1 + b0 - c0 * (x1 - x0) ^ d0
452 //
453
454 x1[index][particleTypeIndex] = x0[index][particleTypeIndex]
455 + gpow->powA((a0[index][particleTypeIndex] - a1[index][particleTypeIndex])
456 / (c0[index][particleTypeIndex]
457 * d0[index][particleTypeIndex]),
458 1. / (d0[index][particleTypeIndex] - 1.));
459 b1[index][particleTypeIndex] = (a0[index][particleTypeIndex]
460 - a1[index][particleTypeIndex]) * x1[index][particleTypeIndex]
461 + b0[index][particleTypeIndex]
462 - c0[index][particleTypeIndex]
463 * gpow->powA(x1[index][particleTypeIndex]
464 - x0[index][particleTypeIndex],
465 d0[index][particleTypeIndex]);
466 }
467
468 G4double x(G4Log(k / eV)/gpow->logZ(10));
469 G4double y;
470
471 if (x < x0[index][particleTypeIndex])
472 y = a0[index][particleTypeIndex] * x + b0[index][particleTypeIndex];
473 else if (x < x1[index][particleTypeIndex])
474 y = a0[index][particleTypeIndex] * x + b0[index][particleTypeIndex]
475 - c0[index][particleTypeIndex]
476 * gpow->powA(x - x0[index][particleTypeIndex],
477 d0[index][particleTypeIndex]);
478 else
479 y = a1[index][particleTypeIndex] * x + b1[index][particleTypeIndex];
480
481 return f0[index][particleTypeIndex] * gpow->powA(10., y) * m * m;
482
483 }
484
485 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
486
487 G4int G4DNADingfelderChargeIncreaseModel::RandomSelect(const G4double& k,
488 const G4ParticleDefinition* particleDefinition)
489 {
490 G4int particleTypeIndex = 0;
491
492 if (particleDefinition == hydrogenDef)
493 return 0;
494
495 if (particleDefinition == alphaPlusDef)
496 particleTypeIndex = 0;
497
498 if (particleDefinition == heliumDef)
499 particleTypeIndex = 1;
500
501 const G4int n = numberOfPartialCrossSections[particleTypeIndex];
502 auto values(new G4double[n]);
503 G4double value = 0;
504 G4int i = n;
505
506 while (i > 0)
507 {
508 i--;
509 values[i] = PartialCrossSection(k, i, particleDefinition);
510 value += values[i];
511 }
512
513 value *= G4UniformRand();
514
515 i = n;
516 while (i > 0)
517 {
518 i--;
519
520 if (values[i] > value)
521 break;
522
523 value -= values[i];
524 }
525
526 delete[] values;
527
528 return i;
529 }
530
531 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
532
533 G4double G4DNADingfelderChargeIncreaseModel::Sum(const G4double& k,
534 const G4ParticleDefinition* particleDefinition)
535 {
536 G4int particleTypeIndex = 0;
537
538 if (particleDefinition == alphaPlusDef)
539 particleTypeIndex = 0;
540
541 if (particleDefinition == heliumDef)
542 particleTypeIndex = 1;
543
544 G4double totalCrossSection = 0.;
545
546 for (G4int i = 0; i < numberOfPartialCrossSections[particleTypeIndex]; i++)
547 {
548 totalCrossSection += PartialCrossSection(k, i, particleDefinition);
549 }
550
551 return totalCrossSection;
552 }
553