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1 -------------------------------------------------------------------
2
3 =========================================================
4 Geant4 - an Object-Oriented Toolkit for Simulation in HEP
5 =========================================================
6
7 ExampleRE06
8 ----------
9
10
11 This example simulates three simplified sandwitch calorimeters.
12 The main features demonstrated in this example are :
13
14 1. Utilizing a concrete run class derived from G4Run base class for
15 accumulating physics quantities for a run
16 2. Changing calorimeter geometries without re-building a world volume
17 3. Defining geometrical regions and setting production thresholds
18 for each region
19 4. Demonstrating the use of primitive scorer and filter classes without
20 implementing sensitive detector class
21 5. Demonstrating the use of parallel scoring geometry and associating
22 parallel world scoring process
23 6. Measuring the timing spent for each region, both for all particle
24 types and for e+/e-
25
26 It was moved in extended examples from novice/N07 with removal of
27 novice examples.
28
29 **********************************************************************
30 Note: Since this example utilizes its own RE06SteppingVerbose for the
31 timing measurement, the user cannot get the ordinary verbosity with
32 /tracking/verbose.
33 **********************************************************************
34
35 1- Utilizing a concrete run class derived from G4Run base class for
36 accumulating physics quantities for a run
37
38 G4Run is a class the user can inherit and create his/her own concrete
39 class for accumulating information useful to him/her. It has a virtual
40 method RecordEvent(const G4Event*), which will be invoked by G4RunManager
41 at the end of processing each event. By implemeting this method in the
42 user'r concrete run class, he/she can store information associating with
43 G4Event class itself and hits collections attached with G4Event. In this
44 example, RE06Run is the class derived from G4Run. In the method
45 RE06Run::RecordEvent(const G4Event*), in addition to counting the
46 number of events, all hits collections are accessed to accumulate
47 energy depositions, step lengths and number of steps.
48
49 In case the user create his/her own run class, an object of this class
50 must be instantiated in the method GenerateRun() of his/her concrete
51 class derived from G4UserRunAction base class. The pointer to this run
52 object must be returned by this method. In this example, RE06RunAction
53 is the class which instantiating RE06Run class object. In
54 RE06RunAction::EndOfRunAction(const G4Run*) method, RE06Run object
55 is analized to output the run summary.
56
57 It should be noted that some information about generated secondaries
58 are collected in RE06StackinAction instead of sensitive detector class.
59 RE06StackingAction::ClassifyNewTrack(const G4Track*) method is used
60 not for classifying tracks sent to the stack, but for accessing to all
61 secondaries generated in an event.
62
63 2- Changing calorimeter geometries without re-building a world volume
64
65 In RE06DetectorConstruction, all solids, logical and physical volumes
66 are constructed only once at the first invocation of Constuct() method.
67 Positions and number of slices are changed not by re-constructing another
68 objects but by modifying data members of already existing objects as
69 it is implemented in RE06DetectorConstruction::SetNumberOfLayers(G4int)
70 for changing the number of parameterized volumes, and also
71 RE06DetectorConstruction::SetSerialGeometry(G4bool) for changing the
72 position of placed volumes.
73
74 3- Defining geometrical regions and setting production thresholds
75 for each region
76
77 Setting production thresholds (so-called production cuts) to individual
78 region of a detector geometry is the new feature provided by Geant4 5.1
79 release. This feature is also called as "Cuts per region".
80
81 Please note that this new feature is supporsed to be used only by the
82 users,
83 a) who is simulating most complex geometry such as an LHC detector,
84 b) and who has enough experience of simulating EM showers in matter.
85 We strongly recommend to compare the simulated results of this new
86 feature with the results of the same geometry but having uniform
87 production thresholds. Setting completely different cut values for
88 individual region may break the coherent and comprehensive accuracy
89 of the simulation. Thus such cut values should be carefully optimized
90 by the user with comparison with results of uniform cuts.
91
92 In RE06DetectorConstruction::Construct(), Three objects of G4Region
93 class are instantiated and set to the logical volumes of each of three
94 calorimeter modules. Also, these individual logical volumes are
95 registered as "root logical volume" so that all daghter volumes in
96 these logical volumes are also affected by the corresponding regions.
97
98 In RE06PhysicsList::SetCuts(), in addition to set the default threshold
99 values for the world volume, three threshold values are set to three
100 calorimeter regions respectively. By setting production thresholds to
101 a region, gamma, electron or positron will not be generated as a
102 secondary if its range is shorter than the production threshold of that
103 particular region. Please note that some EM processes still generate
104 such secondary below threshold.
105
106 4- Demonstrating the use of primitive scorer and filter classes without
107 implementing sensitive detector class
108
109 In RE06DetectorConstruction::SetupDetector() method, concrete classes
110 G4PSEnergyDeposit, G4PSNofSecondary, G4PSTrackLength, G4PSNofStep and
111 G4PSMinKinEAtGeneration, all of thich are derivalable of G4VPrimitiveScorer,
112 are used to define the sensitivity of the calorimeter. All of them are
113 registered to G4MultiFunctionalDetector and this detector object is set
114 to the logical volume. G4SDParticleFilter is used to define the particle
115 type(s) to be scored.
116
117 In RE06Run::RecordEvent() method, the way of retreiving G4THitsMap
118 from each primitive scorer via G4HCofThisEvent is demonstrated.
119 In RE06RunAction::EndOfRunAction(), Run is summarized with data kept
120 in RE06Run class object.
121
122 5- Demonstrating the use of parallel scoring geometry and associating
123 parallel world scoring process
124
125 In RE06PhysicsList::ConstructGeneral(), G4ParallelWorldScoringProcess is
126 assigned to all the particle types. This process invokes sensitive detectors
127 (and scorers) defined in the parallel world "ParallelScoringWorld", the
128 name of the parallel world which is defined in main() (exampleRE06.cc) as
129 an argument of RE06ParallelWorld constructor.
130
131 As implemented in RE06ParallelWorld::SetupGeometry(), the world volume of
132 the parallel world is obtained by GetWorld() method as a clone copy of the
133 world volume of the mass geometry. The user should not create the world volume.
134
135 RE06ParallelWorld defines three cylindrical volumes, each of them is
136 located at the same position as three sandwitch calorimeters defined
137 in the mass geometry (RE06DetectorConstruction). Each cylinder is replicated
138 in Rho to define 20 layers, and scores the same quantities as the mass geometry.
139 These three cylinders are relocated accordingly when the mass geometry is
140 modified by RE06DetectorConstruction::SetSerialGeometry().
141
142 6- Measuring the timing spent for each region, both for all particle
143 types and for e+/e-
144
145 RE06SteppingVerbose class has two G4SliceTimer class objects for each
146 detector region. One G4SliceTimer is measuring the time spent by a step
147 in a region for all types of particles, and another is measuring for
148 e+/e- only.
149
150 RE06SteppingVerbose::InitializeTimers() is invoked by RE06RunAction::
151 BeginOfRunAction(), and checks the number of regions appear in the
152 geometry and instantiates the necessary number of timers. Thus, this
153 RE06SteppingVerbose class can be used for any kind of geometry the user
154 defines without any modification. Given G4VSteppingVerbose is not invoked
155 if the verbosity of G4SteppingManager is 0, this verbosity is set to 1.
156
157 NewStep() and StepInfo() are the methods defined in G4VSteppingVerbose
158 base class, and they are invoked at the beginning and the end of every
159 step, respectively, from G4SteppingManager. Thus, these methods are
160 utilized in RE06SteppingVerbose to start/resume and pause the timer.
161
162 RE06SteppingVerbose::Report() method is used by RE06RunAction::
163 EndOfRunAction() to get the timing measured.
164
165 7- Macro files
166
167 exampleRE06.in
168 To be used for batch mode. The reference output file is made by this
169 macro file.
170
171 sample.mac
172 To be used for interactive mode. Issue "/control/execute sample.mac"
173 when "Idle>" prompt appears.
174
175 vis.mac
176 Setting visualization parameters. This macro file will be called
177 automatically when interactive execution starts.
178
179 8- UI commands defined in this example
180
181 Command /RE06/setAbsMat
182 Guidance :
183 Select Material of the Absorber.
184
185 Parameter : choice
186 Parameter type : s
187 Omittable : False
188 Candidates : Aluminium liquidArgon Lead Water Scintillator Air Galactic
189
190
191
192 Command /RE06/setGapMat
193 Guidance :
194 Select Material of the Gap.
195
196 Parameter : choice
197 Parameter type : s
198 Omittable : False
199 Candidates : Aluminium liquidArgon Lead Water Scintillator Air Galactic
200
201
202
203 Command /RE06/numberOfLayers
204 Guidance :
205 Set number of layers.
206 Range of parameters : nl>0
207
208 Parameter : nl
209 Parameter type : i
210 Omittable : False
211
212
213
214 Command /RE06/serialGeometry
215 Guidance :
216 Select calorimeters to be placed in serial or parallel.
217
218 Parameter : serialize
219 Parameter type : b
220 Omittable : False
221
222
