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1 -------------------------------------------------------------------
2
3 =========================================================
4 Geant4 - an Object-Oriented Toolkit for Simulation in HEP
5 =========================================================
6
7 fanoCavity2
8 -----------
9
10 This program computes the dose deposited in an ionization chamber by an
11 extended (one dimensional) monoenergetic electron source.
12 The geometry of the chamber satisfies the conditions of charged particle
13 equilibrium. Hence, under idealized conditions, the ratio of the dose
14 deposited over the beam energy fluence must be equal to 1.
15 This variante of the Fano cavity test make use of an reciprocity theorem.
16
17 J.Sempau and P.Andreo, Phys. Med. Biol. 51 (2006) 3533
18
19 1- GEOMETRY
20
21 The chamber is modelized as a cylinder with a cavity in it.
22
23 5 parameters define the geometry :
24 - the radius of the chamber (must be big)
25 - the material of the wall
26 - the thickness of the wall
27 - the material of the cavity
28 - the thickness of the cavity
29
30 Wall and cavity must be made of the same material, but with different
31 density.
32 Radius must be bigger than range of electrons in cavity.
33
34 All above parameters can be redifined via the UI commands built in
35 DetectorMessenger class.
36
37 _________________
38 radius (infinite) | | | |
39 | | | |
40 | | | |
41 | | | |
42 | | <-+-----+--- cavity
43 | | | |
44 | | | |
45 ---------------------------- cylinder axis = e- source
46 | | | |
47 | | | |
48 | | | |
49 |wall | |wall |
50 | | | |
51 | | | |
52 | | | |
53 -----------------
54
55 2- BEAM
56
57 Monoenergetic (E0) incident electron source is uniformly distribued along
58 cylinder axis, within wall and cavity, with constant lineic density
59 per mass: I.
60 An effective wall thickness is defined from the range of e- at energy E0.
61
62 Beam_energy_fluence is E0*I
63
64 3- PURPOSE OF THE PROGRAM
65
66 The program computes the dose deposited in the cavity and the ratio
67 Dose/Beam_energy_fluence. This ratio must be 1.
68
69 The program needs high statistic to reach precision on the computed dose.
70 The UI command /run/printProgress allows to survey the convergence of
71 the dose calculation.
72
73 The simplest way to study the effect of e- tracking parameters on dose
74 deposition is to use the command /testem/stepMax.
75
76 4- PHYSICS
77
78 The physics list contains the standard electromagnetic processes, with few
79 modifications listed here.
80
81 - Bremsstrahlung : Fano conditions imply no energy transfer via
82 bremsstrahlung radiation. Therefore this process is not registered in the
83 physics list. However, it is always possible to include it.
84 See PhysListEm classes.
85
86 - Ionization : In order to have same stopping power in wall and cavity, one
87 must cancel the density correction term in the dedx formula. This is done in
88 a specific MollerBhabha model (MyMollerBhabhaModel) which inherites from
89 G4MollerBhabhaModel.
90
91 To prevent explicit generation of delta-rays, the default production
92 threshold (i.e. cut) is set to 10 km (CSDA condition).
93
94 The finalRange of the step function is set to 10 um, which more on less
95 correspond to a tracking cut in water of about 20 keV. See emOptions.
96 Once again, the above parameters can be controled via UI commands.
97
98 - Multiple scattering : is switched in single Coulomb scattering mode near
99 boundaries. This is selected via EM options in PhysicsList, and can be
100 controled with UI commands.
101
102 - All PhysicsTables are built with 100 bins per decade.
103
104 5- HISTOGRAMS
105
106 fanoCavity2 has several predefined 1D histograms :
107
108 1 : emission point of e+-
109 2 : energy spectrum of e+-
110 3 : theta distribution of e+-
111 4 : emission point of e+- hitting cavity
112 5 : energy spectrum of e+- when entering in cavity
113 6 : theta distribution of e+- before enter in cavity
114 7 : theta distribution of e+- at first step in cavity
115 8 : track segment of e+- in cavity
116 9 : step size of e+- in wall
117 10 : step size of e+- in cavity
118 11 : energy deposit in cavity per track
119
120 The histograms are managed by G4AnalysisManager class and its Messenger.
121 The histos can be individually activated with the command :
122 /analysis/h1/set id nbBins valMin valMax unit
123 where unit is the desired unit for the histo (MeV or keV, deg or mrad, etc..)
124
125 One can control the name of the histograms file with the command:
126 /analysis/setFileName name (default fanocavity2)
127
128 It is possible to choose the format of the histogram file : root (default),
129 hdf5, xml, csv, by changing the default file type in HistoManager.cc
130
131 It is also possible to print selected histograms on an ascii file:
132 /analysis/h1/setAscii id
133 All selected histos will be written on a file name.ascii
134 (default fanocavity2)
135
136 6- HOW TO START ?
137
138 - execute fanoCavity2 in 'batch' mode from macro files
139 % fanoCavity2 run01.mac
140
141 - execute fanoCavity2 in 'interactive mode' with visualization
142 % fanoCavity2
143 ....
144 Idle> type your commands
145 ....
146 Idle> exit
147
148 Alternative macro files:
149 basic.mac - disabled multiple scattering and fluctuations of energy loss
150 essai.mac - run WVI EM physics configuration
151 stepfunction.mac - the step function optimisation using histogram
