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1 =========================================================
2 Geant4 - an Object-Oriented Toolkit for Simulation in HEP
3 =========================================================
4
5
6 HADR01
7
8 A.Bagulya, I.Gudowska, V.Ivanchenko, N.Starkov
9 CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
10 Karolinska Institute & Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
11 Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia
12
13
14 This example application is based on the application IION developed for
15 simulation of proton or ion beam interaction with a water target. Different
16 aspects of beam target interaction are demonstrating in the example including
17 longitudinal profile of energy deposition, spectra of secondary particles,
18 spectra of particles leaving the target. The results are presenting in a form
19 of average numbers and histograms.
20
21
22 GEOMETRY
23
24 The Target volume is a cylinder placed inside Check cylindrical volume. The
25 Check volume is placed inside the World volume. The radius and the length of
26 the Check volume are 1 mm larger than the radius and the length of the Target.
27 The material of the Check volume is the same as the World material. The World
28 volume has the sizes 10 mm larger than that of the Target volume. Any material
29 from the Geant4 database can be defined. The default World material is
30 G4Galactic and the default Target material is aluminum. The Target is
31 subdivided on number of equal slices. Following UI commands are available to
32 modify the geometry:
33
34 /testhadr/TargetMat G4_Pb
35 /testhadr/WorldMat G4_AIR
36 /testhadr/TargetRadius 10 mm
37 /testhadr/TargetLength 20 cm
38 /testhadr/NumberDivZ 200
39
40 Beam direction coincides with the target axis and is Z axis in the global
41 coordinate system. The beam starts 5 mm in front of the target. G4ParticleGun
42 is used as a primary generator. The energy and the type of the beam can be
43 defined via standard UI commands
44
45 /gun/energy 15 GeV
46 /gun/particle proton
47
48 Default beam position is -(targetHalfLength + 5*mm) and direction along Z axis.
49 Beam position and direction can be changed by gun UI commands:
50
51 /gun/position 1 10 3 mm
52 /gun/direction 1 0 0
53
54 however, position command is active only if before it the flag is set
55
56 /testhadr/DefaultBeamPosition false
57
58 SCORING
59
60 The scoring is performed with the help of UserStackingAction class and two
61 sensitive detector classes: one associated with a target slice, another with
62 the Check volume. Each secondary particle is scored by the StackingAction. In
63 the StackingAction it is also possible to kill all or one type of secondary
64 particles
65
66 /testhadr/Kill neutron
67 /testhadr/KillAllSecondaries
68
69 To control running the following options are available:
70
71 /testhadr/PrintModulo 100
72 /testhadr/DebugEvent 977
73
74 The last command selects an events, for which "/tracking/verbose 2" level
75 of printout is established.
76
77
78 PHYSICS
79
80 PhysicsList of the application uses reference Phsyics Lists or its components,
81 which are distributed with Geant4 in /geant4/physics_lists subdirectory.
82
83 The reference Physics List name may be defined in the 3d argument of the
84 run command:
85
86 Hadr01 my.macro QGSP_BERT
87
88 If 3d argument is not set then the PHYSLIST environment variable is checked.
89 If 3d argument is set, it is possible to add the 4th and 5th arguments,
90 which defines overlap energies between cascade and string models in GeV:
91
92 Hadr01 my.macro QGSP_BERT 3.5 8.0
93
94 If 6 arguments are used the last enabling addition of charge exchange
95 physics on top of any reference Physics List.
96
97 Hadr01 my.macro QGSP_BERT 3.5 8.0 CI
98
99 If both 3d argument and the environment variable are not defined then
100 reference Phsyics Lists is not instantiated, instead the local Physics List
101 is used built from components, which may be configured using UI interface.
102 The choice of the physics is provided by the UI command:
103
104 /testhadr/Physics QGSP_BIC
105
106 To see the list of available configurations with UI one can use
107
108 /testhadr/ListPhysics
109
110 The cuts for electromagnetic physics can be established via
111
112 /testhadr/CutsAll 1 mm
113 /testhadr/CutsGamma 0.1 mm
114 /testhadr/CutsEl 0.2 mm
115 /testhadr/CutsPos 0.3 mm
116 /testhadr/CutsProt 0.6 mm
117
118 Note that testhadr UI commands are not available in the case when PHYSLIST
119 environment variable is defined.
120
121
122 VISUALIZATION
123
124 For interactive mode G4 visualization options and variables should be
125 defined, then the example should be recompiled:
126
127 gmake visclean
128 gmake
129
130
131 HISTOGRAMS
132
133 There are built in histograms. The 1st one (idx=0, id="1") scores energy
134 deposition along the target. Histograms "22", "23", "24", "25" scores
135 energy deposition per particle type.
136
137 All other histograms are provided in decimal logarithmic scale (log10(E/MeV),
138 where E is secondary particle energy at production
139
140 It is possible to change scale and output file name using UI commands:
141
142 /testhadr/histo/fileName name
143 /testhadr/histo/setHisto idx nbins vmin vmax unit
144
145 Only ROOT histograms are available.
146
147 All histograms are normalized to the number of events.
