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1 -------------------------------------------------------------------
2
3 =========================================================
4 Geant4 - an Object-Oriented Toolkit for Simulation in HEP
5 =========================================================
6
7 TestEm9
8 -------
9 Demonstrate electromagnetic physics in crystal calorimeters.
10 How to define cut-per-region.
11
12 1- GEOMETRY DEFINITION
13
14 The geometry consists of the vertex detector (VD), the electromagnetic
15 calorimeter (EM), and the muon identifier (MU). Detector layout along
16 the Z axis.
17
18 VD consisted of 3 layers of Si with pads structured along the X axis.
19 Between VD and EM there are 2 active absorbers (scintillators).
20 EM is the matrix 5x5 of heavy crystals. MU consist of 2 active absorbers
21 (scintillators) and the iron plate between.
22
23 2 regions additional to the World are defined: VertexDetector and
24 MuonDetector. For testing purposes first absorber of MU is included in
25 the region of VD.
26
27 Material of calorimeter and absorber can be choosen:
28 Air Water lAr Al Fe BGO PbWO4 Pb.
29 eg: /testem/det/CalMat PbWO4
30 /testem/det/AbsMat Al
31
32 The size of the detector can be changed also.
33
34 eg: /testem/det/EcalLength 20 cm
35 /testem/det/EcalWidth 5 cm
36 /testem/det/update ---> rebuild the geometry
37
38 2- PHYSICS LISTS
39
40 Physics Lists are based on modular design. Several modules are instantiated:
41 1. Transportation
42 2. EM physics
43 3. Decays
44 4. StepMax - for step limitation
45
46 The following options for EM physics using builders from physics_lists
47 sub-package are available:
48 - "emstandard_opt0" recommended standard EM physics for LHC
49 - "emstandard_opt1" best CPU performance standard physics for LHC
50 - "emstandard_opt2" similar fast simulation
51 - "emstandard_opt3" best standard EM options - analog to "local" above
52 - "emstandard_opt4" best current advanced EM options standard + lowenergy
53 - "emstandardWVI" standard EM physics and WentzelVI multiple scattering
54 - "emstandardSS" standard EM physics and single scattering model
55 - "emstandardGS" standard EM physics and Goudsmit-Saunderson multiple scatt.
56 - "emlivermore" low-energy EM physics using Livermore data
57 - "empenelope" low-energy EM physics implementing Penelope models
58 - "emlowenergy" low-energy EM physics implementing experimental
59 low-energy models
60
61 A local builder, PhysListEmStandard "local" (similar to opt0) is also
62 available.
63
64 Optional components can be added:
65 - "elastic" elastic scattering of hadrons
66 - "binary" QBBC configuration of hadron/ion inelastic models
67 - "gamma_nuc" gamma- and electro-nuclear processes
68 - "stopping" stopping processes
69
70 3- AN EVENT : THE PRIMARY GENERATOR
71
72 The primary kinematic consists of a single particle which hits the
73 cylinder perpendicular to the input face. The type of the particle
74 and its energy are set in the PrimaryGeneratorAction class, and can
75 changed via the G4 build-in commands of G4ParticleGun class.
76
77 4- OUTPUT
78
79 The batch regime of simulation can be started
80 $G4WORKDIR/bin/$G4SYSTEM/TestEm9 TestEm9.in
81 where TestEm9.in is the example of macro file for batch job.
82
83 As a result of simulation the number of secondaries produced
84 in different regions are averaged. The average energy depositions
85 in active absorbers and EM as well as RMS of these values are shown.
86 The number of hits in pads of VD is printed out.
87
88 5- VISUALISATION
89
90 To use visualisation the environment variable G4_VIS_USE should be
91 defined. An interactive session starts if no macro file is specified
92 in the command line:
93 $G4WORKDIR/bin/$G4SYSTEM/TestEm9
94
95 To start visualisation one can issur
96 >/control/execute vis.mac
97 >/run/beamOn 1
98
99 6- ANALYSIS
100
101 Number of histograms are built inside the example using internal
102 analysis sub-package. Histograms are saved in a root file.
103 Histogram booking and saving is done only if any of histogram
104
105 /testem/histo/fileName myname
106 /testem/histo/setHisto id nbins xmin xmax unit
107
108
