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1 -------------------------------------------------------------------
2
3 =========================================================
4 Geant4 - an Object-Oriented Toolkit for Simulation in HEP
5 =========================================================
6
7 TestEm8
8 -------
9
10 Example for investigation of ionisation in thin absorbers and gaseous
11 detectors
12
13 1- GEOMETRY DEFINITION
14
15 The target is a cylinder made of a given material placed inside
16 cylindrical container, which is placed inside the world volume.
17
18 Following parameters define the geometry:
19 - the material of the target,
20 - the thickness of the target,
21 - the radius of the target,
22 - the material of the container,
23 - the thickness of the container,
24 - the material of the world.
25
26 The list of materials used in gaseous detectors are built inside
27 the DetectorConstruction class, also NIST materials are available.
28 The default geometry is provided but all parameters can be changed via
29 UI commands defined in the DetectorMessenger class, for example,
30
31 /testem/setGasMat XeCH4C3H8
32 /testem/setWindowMat G4_MYLAR
33 /testem/setWorldMat G4_AIR
34 /testem/setGasThick 10 cm
35 /testem/setGasRad 20 cm
36 /testem/setWindowThick 50 um
37
38 2- AN EVENT : THE PRIMARY GENERATOR
39
40 The primary kinematic consists of a single particle which hits the
41 absorber perpendicular to the input face. The type of the particle
42 and its energy can be set via the G4 build-in commands of G4ParticleGun.
43 A RUN is a set of events.
44
45 3- DETECTOR RESPONSE
46
47 The TargetSD class sending information about each step inside the target
48 to the HistoManager class scoring of energy deposition in the detector.
49 Additionally at each step of a particle inside the target the number of
50 ionisation clusters is sampled using G4ElectronIonPair helper class. The
51 parameter of transformation of energy into ionisation clusters can be
52 set via UI command:
53
54 /testem/setPairEnergy 19 eV
55
56 4- PHYSICS
57
58 The particle's type and the physics processes which will be available
59 in this example are set in PhysicsList class, which uses Geant4
60 EM physics constructors provided in the physics_list library.
61
62 The messenger classes introduce interactive commands. In particular,
63 PAI ionisation model can be added using G4EmConfigurator helper class,
64 which is invoked by one following UI commands:
65
66 /testem/phys/addPhysics pai
67 /testem/phys/addPhysics pai_photon
68 /process/em/AddPAIRegion all GasDetector pai
69 /process/em/AddPAIRegion all GasDetector pai_photon
70
71 Cuts for all setup and/or for sensitive volume may changed via commands:
72
73 /run/setCut 0.5 mm
74 /run/setCutForRegion GasDetector 1.8 mm
75
76 5- HOW TO START ?
77
78 Execute TestEm8 in 'batch' mode from macro files e.g.
79 % $(G4INSTALL)/bin/$(G4SYSTEM)/TestEm8 TestEm8.in N
80 here N means number of threads in multi-threaded mode, by
81 default 2 threads are used
82
83 - execute TestEm8 in 'interactive' mode with visualization e.g.
84 % $(G4INSTALL)/bin/$(G4SYSTEM)/TestEm8
85 ....
86 Idle> type your commands
87 ....
