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25 // 25 //
>> 26 // $Id$
26 // 27 //
27 // ------------------------------------------- 28 // -------------------------------------------------------------------
28 // 29 //
29 // GEANT4 Class file 30 // GEANT4 Class file
30 // 31 //
31 // 32 //
32 // File name: G4EmSaturation 33 // File name: G4EmSaturation
33 // 34 //
34 // Author: Vladimir Ivanchenko 35 // Author: Vladimir Ivanchenko
35 // 36 //
36 // Creation date: 18.02.2008 37 // Creation date: 18.02.2008
37 // 38 //
38 // Modifications: 39 // Modifications:
39 // 40 //
40 // ------------------------------------------- 41 // -------------------------------------------------------------
41 42
42 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 43 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
43 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 44 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
44 45
45 #include "G4EmSaturation.hh" 46 #include "G4EmSaturation.hh"
46 #include "G4PhysicalConstants.hh" 47 #include "G4PhysicalConstants.hh"
47 #include "G4SystemOfUnits.hh" 48 #include "G4SystemOfUnits.hh"
48 #include "G4LossTableManager.hh" 49 #include "G4LossTableManager.hh"
49 #include "G4NistManager.hh" 50 #include "G4NistManager.hh"
50 #include "G4Material.hh" 51 #include "G4Material.hh"
51 #include "G4MaterialCutsCouple.hh" 52 #include "G4MaterialCutsCouple.hh"
52 #include "G4ParticleTable.hh" << 53 #include "G4Electron.hh"
>> 54 #include "G4Proton.hh"
53 55
54 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 56 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
55 57
56 std::size_t G4EmSaturation::nMaterials = 0; << 58 G4EmSaturation::G4EmSaturation()
57 std::vector<G4double> G4EmSaturation::massFact <<
58 std::vector<G4double> G4EmSaturation::effCharg <<
59 std::vector<G4double> G4EmSaturation::g4MatDat <<
60 std::vector<G4String> G4EmSaturation::g4MatNam <<
61 <<
62 G4EmSaturation::G4EmSaturation(G4int verb) <<
63 { 59 {
64 verbose = verb; << 60 verbose = 1;
65 nWarnings = nG4Birks = 0; << 61 manager = 0;
>> 62
>> 63 curMaterial = 0;
>> 64 curBirks = 0.0;
>> 65 curRatio = 1.0;
>> 66 curChargeSq = 1.0;
>> 67 nMaterials = 0;
66 68
67 electron = nullptr; << 69 electron = 0;
68 proton = nullptr; << 70 proton = 0;
69 nist = G4NistManager::Instance(); 71 nist = G4NistManager::Instance();
70 InitialiseG4Saturation(); << 72
>> 73 Initialise();
71 } 74 }
72 75
73 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 76 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
74 77
75 G4EmSaturation::~G4EmSaturation() = default; << 78 G4EmSaturation::~G4EmSaturation()
>> 79 {}
76 80
77 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 81 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
78 82
79 G4double G4EmSaturation::VisibleEnergyDepositi 83 G4double G4EmSaturation::VisibleEnergyDeposition(
80 const G4 84 const G4ParticleDefinition* p,
81 const G4 << 85 const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple,
82 G4double << 86 G4double length,
83 G4double << 87 G4double edep,
84 G4double << 88 G4double niel)
85 { 89 {
86 // no energy deposition <<
87 if(edep <= 0.0) { return 0.0; } 90 if(edep <= 0.0) { return 0.0; }
88 91
89 // zero step length may happens only if step <<
90 // is applied, in that case saturation shoul <<
91 if(length <= 0.0) { return edep; } <<
92 <<
93 G4double evis = edep; 92 G4double evis = edep;
94 G4double bfactor = couple->GetMaterial()->Ge << 93 G4double bfactor = FindBirksCoefficient(couple->GetMaterial());
95 94
96 if(bfactor > 0.0) { 95 if(bfactor > 0.0) {
97 96
>> 97 G4int pdgCode = p->GetPDGEncoding();
98 // atomic relaxations for gamma incident 98 // atomic relaxations for gamma incident
99 if(22 == p->GetPDGEncoding()) { << 99 if(22 == pdgCode) {
100 //G4cout << "%% gamma edep= " << edep/ke << 100 evis /= (1.0 + bfactor*edep/manager->GetRange(electron,edep,couple));
101 evis /= (1.0 + bfactor*edep/ <<
102 G4LossTableManager::Instance()->GetRan <<
103 101
104 // energy loss 102 // energy loss
105 } else { 103 } else {
106 104
107 // protections 105 // protections
108 G4double nloss = std::max(niel, 0.0); << 106 G4double nloss = niel;
>> 107 if(nloss < 0.0) nloss = 0.0;
109 G4double eloss = edep - nloss; 108 G4double eloss = edep - nloss;
110 109
111 // neutrons and neutral hadrons << 110 // neutrons
112 if(0.0 == p->GetPDGCharge() || eloss < 0 << 111 if(2112 == pdgCode || eloss < 0.0 || length <= 0.0) {
113 nloss = edep; << 112 nloss = edep;
114 eloss = 0.0; 113 eloss = 0.0;
115 } else { <<
116 <<
117 // continues energy loss <<
118 eloss /= (1.0 + bfactor*eloss/length); <<
119 } 114 }
>> 115
>> 116 // continues energy loss
>> 117 if(eloss > 0.0) { eloss /= (1.0 + bfactor*eloss/length); }
>> 118
120 // non-ionizing energy loss 119 // non-ionizing energy loss
121 if(nloss > 0.0) { 120 if(nloss > 0.0) {
122 std::size_t idx = couple->GetMaterial( << 121 if(!proton) { proton = G4Proton::Proton(); }
123 G4double escaled = nloss*massFactors[i << 122 G4double escaled = nloss*curRatio;
124 /* << 123 G4double range = manager->GetRange(proton,escaled,couple)/curChargeSq;
125 G4cout << "%% p edep= " << nloss/keV < << 124 nloss /= (1.0 + bfactor*nloss/range);
126 << escaled << " MeV in " << co <<
127 << " " << p->GetParticleName() <<
128 << G4endl; <<
129 G4cout << proton->GetParticleName() << G4end <<
130 */ <<
131 G4double range = G4LossTableManager::I <<
132 ->GetRange(proton,escaled,couple)/ef <<
133 nloss /= (1.0 + bfactor*nloss/range); <<
134 } 125 }
>> 126
135 evis = eloss + nloss; 127 evis = eloss + nloss;
136 } 128 }
137 } 129 }
>> 130
138 return evis; 131 return evis;
139 } 132 }
140 133
141 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 134 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
142 135
143 void G4EmSaturation::InitialiseG4Saturation() <<
144 { <<
145 if(nMaterials == G4Material::GetNumberOfMate <<
146 nMaterials = G4Material::GetNumberOfMaterial <<
147 massFactors.resize(nMaterials, 1.0); <<
148 effCharges.resize(nMaterials, 1.0); <<
149 <<
150 if(0 == nG4Birks) { InitialiseG4materials() <<
151 <<
152 for(std::size_t i=0; i<nMaterials; ++i) { <<
153 InitialiseBirksCoefficient((*G4Material::G <<
154 } <<
155 if(verbose > 0) { DumpBirksCoefficients(); } <<
156 } <<
157 <<
158 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo <<
159 <<
160 G4double G4EmSaturation::FindG4BirksCoefficien 136 G4double G4EmSaturation::FindG4BirksCoefficient(const G4Material* mat)
161 { 137 {
162 if(0 == nG4Birks) { InitialiseG4materials() <<
163 <<
164 G4String name = mat->GetName(); 138 G4String name = mat->GetName();
165 // is this material in the vector? 139 // is this material in the vector?
166 140
167 for(G4int j=0; j<nG4Birks; ++j) { 141 for(G4int j=0; j<nG4Birks; ++j) {
168 if(name == g4MatNames[j]) { 142 if(name == g4MatNames[j]) {
169 if(verbose > 0) 143 if(verbose > 0)
170 G4cout << "### G4EmSaturation::FindG4B << 144 G4cout << "### G4EmSaturation::FindG4BirksCoefficient for "
171 << name << " is " << g4MatData[ << 145 << name << " is " << g4MatData[j]*MeV/mm << " mm/MeV "
172 << G4endl; << 146 << G4endl;
173 return g4MatData[j]; 147 return g4MatData[j];
174 } 148 }
175 } 149 }
176 return 0.0; << 150 return FindBirksCoefficient(mat);
177 } 151 }
178 152
179 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 153 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
180 154
181 void G4EmSaturation::InitialiseBirksCoefficien << 155 G4double G4EmSaturation::FindBirksCoefficient(const G4Material* mat)
182 { 156 {
183 // electron and proton should exist in any c << 157 // electron should exist in any case
184 if(nullptr == electron) { << 158 if(!manager) {
185 electron = G4ParticleTable::GetParticleTab << 159 manager = G4LossTableManager::Instance();
186 proton = G4ParticleTable::GetParticleTable << 160 electron= G4Electron::Electron();
187 if(nullptr == electron) { <<
188 G4Exception("G4EmSaturation::InitialiseB <<
189 FatalException, "electron should exist") <<
190 } <<
191 } 161 }
192 162
193 G4double curBirks = mat->GetIonisation()->Ge << 163 if(mat == curMaterial) { return curBirks; }
>> 164
>> 165 curMaterial = mat;
>> 166 curBirks = 0.0;
>> 167 curRatio = 1.0;
>> 168 curChargeSq = 1.0;
>> 169
>> 170 // seach in the run-time list
>> 171 for(G4int i=0; i<nMaterials; ++i) {
>> 172 if(mat == matPointers[i]) {
>> 173 curBirks = mat->GetIonisation()->GetBirksConstant();
>> 174 curRatio = massFactors[i];
>> 175 curChargeSq = effCharges[i];
>> 176 return curBirks;
>> 177 }
>> 178 }
194 179
195 G4String name = mat->GetName(); 180 G4String name = mat->GetName();
>> 181 curBirks = mat->GetIonisation()->GetBirksConstant();
196 182
197 // material has no Birks coeffitient defined 183 // material has no Birks coeffitient defined
198 // seach in the Geant4 list 184 // seach in the Geant4 list
199 if(curBirks == 0.0) { 185 if(curBirks == 0.0) {
200 for(G4int j=0; j<nG4Birks; ++j) { 186 for(G4int j=0; j<nG4Birks; ++j) {
201 if(name == g4MatNames[j]) { 187 if(name == g4MatNames[j]) {
202 mat->GetIonisation()->SetBirksConstant << 188 mat->GetIonisation()->SetBirksConstant(g4MatData[j]);
203 curBirks = g4MatData[j]; 189 curBirks = g4MatData[j];
204 break; 190 break;
205 } 191 }
206 } 192 }
207 } 193 }
208 194
209 if(curBirks == 0.0) { return; } << 195 if(curBirks == 0.0 && verbose > 0) {
>> 196 G4cout << "### G4EmSaturation::FindBirksCoefficient fails "
>> 197 " for material " << name << G4endl;
>> 198 }
210 199
211 // compute mean mass ratio 200 // compute mean mass ratio
212 G4double curRatio = 0.0; << 201 curRatio = 0.0;
213 G4double curChargeSq = 0.0; << 202 curChargeSq = 0.0;
214 G4double norm = 0.0; 203 G4double norm = 0.0;
215 const G4ElementVector* theElementVector = ma 204 const G4ElementVector* theElementVector = mat->GetElementVector();
216 const G4double* theAtomNumDensityVector = ma 205 const G4double* theAtomNumDensityVector = mat->GetVecNbOfAtomsPerVolume();
217 std::size_t nelm = mat->GetNumberOfElements( << 206 size_t nelm = mat->GetNumberOfElements();
218 for (std::size_t i=0; i<nelm; ++i) { << 207 for (size_t i=0; i<nelm; ++i) {
219 const G4Element* elm = (*theElementVector) 208 const G4Element* elm = (*theElementVector)[i];
220 G4int Z = elm->GetZasInt(); << 209 G4double Z = elm->GetZ();
221 G4double w = theAtomNumDensityVector[i]; << 210 G4double w = Z*Z*theAtomNumDensityVector[i];
222 curRatio += w/nist->GetAtomicMassAmu(Z); << 211 curRatio += w/nist->GetAtomicMassAmu(G4int(Z));
223 curChargeSq += (Z*Z)*w; << 212 curChargeSq = Z*Z*w;
224 norm += w; 213 norm += w;
225 } 214 }
226 if ( norm > 0.0) { norm = 1.0/norm; } << 215 curRatio *= proton_mass_c2/norm;
227 curRatio *= (CLHEP::proton_mass_c2*norm); << 216 curChargeSq /= norm;
228 curChargeSq *= norm; <<
229 217
230 // store results 218 // store results
231 std::size_t idx = mat->GetIndex(); << 219 matPointers.push_back(mat);
232 massFactors[idx] = curRatio; << 220 matNames.push_back(name);
233 effCharges[idx] = curChargeSq; << 221 massFactors.push_back(curRatio);
>> 222 effCharges.push_back(curChargeSq);
>> 223 nMaterials++;
>> 224 if(curBirks > 0.0 && verbose > 0) {
>> 225 G4cout << "### G4EmSaturation::FindBirksCoefficient Birks coefficient for "
>> 226 << name << " " << curBirks*MeV/mm << " mm/MeV" << G4endl;
>> 227 }
>> 228 return curBirks;
234 } 229 }
235 230
236 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 231 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
237 232
238 void G4EmSaturation::DumpBirksCoefficients() 233 void G4EmSaturation::DumpBirksCoefficients()
239 { 234 {
240 G4cout << "### Birks coefficients used in ru << 235 if(nMaterials > 0) {
241 const G4MaterialTable* mtable = G4Material:: << 236 G4cout << "### Birks coeffitients used in run time" << G4endl;
242 for(std::size_t i=0; i<nMaterials; ++i) { << 237 for(G4int i=0; i<nMaterials; ++i) {
243 const G4Material* mat = (*mtable)[i]; << 238 G4double br = matPointers[i]->GetIonisation()->GetBirksConstant();
244 G4double br = mat->GetIonisation()->GetBir << 239 G4cout << " " << matNames[i] << " "
245 if(br > 0.0) { <<
246 G4cout << " " << mat->GetName() << " <<
247 << br*MeV/mm << " mm/MeV" << " " 240 << br*MeV/mm << " mm/MeV" << " "
248 << br*mat->GetDensity()*MeV*cm2/g << 241 << br*matPointers[i]->GetDensity()*MeV*cm2/g
249 << " g/cm^2/MeV massFactor= " << mass << 242 << " g/cm^2/MeV"
250 << " effCharge= " << effCharges[i] << G << 243 << G4endl;
251 } 244 }
252 } 245 }
253 } 246 }
254 247
255 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 248 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
256 249
257 void G4EmSaturation::DumpG4BirksCoefficients() 250 void G4EmSaturation::DumpG4BirksCoefficients()
258 { 251 {
259 if(nG4Birks > 0) { 252 if(nG4Birks > 0) {
260 G4cout << "### Birks coefficients for Gean << 253 G4cout << "### Birks coeffitients for Geant4 materials" << G4endl;
261 for(G4int i=0; i<nG4Birks; ++i) { 254 for(G4int i=0; i<nG4Birks; ++i) {
262 G4cout << " " << g4MatNames[i] << " 255 G4cout << " " << g4MatNames[i] << " "
263 << g4MatData[i]*MeV/mm << " mm/Me << 256 << g4MatData[i]*MeV/mm << " mm/MeV" << G4endl;
264 } 257 }
265 } 258 }
266 } 259 }
267 260
268 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 261 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
269 262
270 void G4EmSaturation::InitialiseG4materials() << 263 void G4EmSaturation::Initialise()
271 { 264 {
272 nG4Birks = 4; <<
273 g4MatData.reserve(nG4Birks); <<
274 <<
275 // M.Hirschberg et al., IEEE Trans. Nuc. Sci 265 // M.Hirschberg et al., IEEE Trans. Nuc. Sci. 39 (1992) 511
276 // SCSN-38 kB = 0.00842 g/cm^2/MeV; rho = 1. 266 // SCSN-38 kB = 0.00842 g/cm^2/MeV; rho = 1.06 g/cm^3
277 g4MatNames.push_back("G4_POLYSTYRENE"); 267 g4MatNames.push_back("G4_POLYSTYRENE");
278 g4MatData.push_back(0.07943*mm/MeV); 268 g4MatData.push_back(0.07943*mm/MeV);
279 269
280 // C.Fabjan (private communication) 270 // C.Fabjan (private communication)
281 // kB = 0.006 g/cm^2/MeV; rho = 7.13 g/cm^3 271 // kB = 0.006 g/cm^2/MeV; rho = 7.13 g/cm^3
282 g4MatNames.push_back("G4_BGO"); 272 g4MatNames.push_back("G4_BGO");
283 g4MatData.push_back(0.008415*mm/MeV); 273 g4MatData.push_back(0.008415*mm/MeV);
284 274
285 // A.Ribon analysis of publications 275 // A.Ribon analysis of publications
286 // Scallettar et al., Phys. Rev. A25 (1982) 276 // Scallettar et al., Phys. Rev. A25 (1982) 2419.
287 // NIM A 523 (2004) 275. 277 // NIM A 523 (2004) 275.
288 // kB = 0.022 g/cm^2/MeV; rho = 1.396 g/cm^3 278 // kB = 0.022 g/cm^2/MeV; rho = 1.396 g/cm^3;
289 // ATLAS Efield = 10 kV/cm provide the stron << 279 // ATLAS Efield = 10 kV/cm provide the strongest effect
290 // kB = 0.1576*mm/MeV <<
291 // A. Kiryunin and P.Strizenec "Geant4 hadro <<
292 // working group meeting " kB = 0.041/9.13 g <<
293 g4MatNames.push_back("G4_lAr"); 280 g4MatNames.push_back("G4_lAr");
294 g4MatData.push_back(0.032*mm/MeV); << 281 g4MatData.push_back(0.1576*mm/MeV);
295 282
296 //G4_BARIUM_FLUORIDE 283 //G4_BARIUM_FLUORIDE
297 //G4_CESIUM_IODIDE 284 //G4_CESIUM_IODIDE
298 //G4_GEL_PHOTO_EMULSION 285 //G4_GEL_PHOTO_EMULSION
299 //G4_PHOTO_EMULSION 286 //G4_PHOTO_EMULSION
300 //G4_PLASTIC_SC_VINYLTOLUENE 287 //G4_PLASTIC_SC_VINYLTOLUENE
301 //G4_SODIUM_IODIDE 288 //G4_SODIUM_IODIDE
302 //G4_STILBENE 289 //G4_STILBENE
303 //G4_lAr 290 //G4_lAr
304 << 291 //G4_PbWO4
305 //G4_PbWO4 - CMS value <<
306 g4MatNames.push_back("G4_PbWO4"); <<
307 g4MatData.push_back(0.0333333*mm/MeV); <<
308 <<
309 //G4_Lucite 292 //G4_Lucite
310 293
>> 294 nG4Birks = g4MatData.size();
311 } 295 }
312 296
313 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 297 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
314 298