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25 // 25 //
>> 26 // $Id: G4EmSaturation.cc,v 1.9 2008/11/12 15:37:33 vnivanch Exp $
>> 27 // GEANT4 tag $Name: geant4-09-02 $
26 // 28 //
27 // ------------------------------------------- 29 // -------------------------------------------------------------------
28 // 30 //
29 // GEANT4 Class file 31 // GEANT4 Class file
30 // 32 //
31 // 33 //
32 // File name: G4EmSaturation 34 // File name: G4EmSaturation
33 // 35 //
34 // Author: Vladimir Ivanchenko 36 // Author: Vladimir Ivanchenko
35 // 37 //
36 // Creation date: 18.02.2008 38 // Creation date: 18.02.2008
37 // 39 //
38 // Modifications: 40 // Modifications:
39 // 41 //
40 // ------------------------------------------- 42 // -------------------------------------------------------------
41 43
42 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 44 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
43 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 45 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
44 46
45 #include "G4EmSaturation.hh" 47 #include "G4EmSaturation.hh"
46 #include "G4PhysicalConstants.hh" << 48 #include "G4Gamma.hh"
47 #include "G4SystemOfUnits.hh" << 49 #include "G4Electron.hh"
>> 50 #include "G4Neutron.hh"
>> 51 #include "G4Proton.hh"
48 #include "G4LossTableManager.hh" 52 #include "G4LossTableManager.hh"
49 #include "G4NistManager.hh" 53 #include "G4NistManager.hh"
50 #include "G4Material.hh" 54 #include "G4Material.hh"
51 #include "G4MaterialCutsCouple.hh" 55 #include "G4MaterialCutsCouple.hh"
52 #include "G4ParticleTable.hh" <<
53 56
54 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 57 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
55 58
56 std::size_t G4EmSaturation::nMaterials = 0; << 59 G4EmSaturation::G4EmSaturation()
57 std::vector<G4double> G4EmSaturation::massFact <<
58 std::vector<G4double> G4EmSaturation::effCharg <<
59 std::vector<G4double> G4EmSaturation::g4MatDat <<
60 std::vector<G4String> G4EmSaturation::g4MatNam <<
61 <<
62 G4EmSaturation::G4EmSaturation(G4int verb) <<
63 { 60 {
64 verbose = verb; << 61 verbose = 1;
65 nWarnings = nG4Birks = 0; << 62 manager = 0;
66 << 63 curMaterial = 0;
67 electron = nullptr; << 64 curBirks = 0.0;
68 proton = nullptr; << 65 curRatio = 1.0;
69 nist = G4NistManager::Instance(); << 66 curChargeSq = 1.0;
70 InitialiseG4Saturation(); << 67 nMaterials = 0;
>> 68 Initialise();
71 } 69 }
72 70
73 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 71 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
74 72
75 G4EmSaturation::~G4EmSaturation() = default; << 73 G4EmSaturation::~G4EmSaturation()
>> 74 {}
76 75
77 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 76 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
78 77
79 G4double G4EmSaturation::VisibleEnergyDepositi 78 G4double G4EmSaturation::VisibleEnergyDeposition(
80 const G4 79 const G4ParticleDefinition* p,
81 const G4 << 80 const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple,
82 G4double << 81 G4double length,
83 G4double << 82 G4double edep,
84 G4double << 83 G4double niel)
85 { 84 {
86 // no energy deposition << 85 if(edep <= 0.0) return 0.0;
87 if(edep <= 0.0) { return 0.0; } <<
88 <<
89 // zero step length may happens only if step <<
90 // is applied, in that case saturation shoul <<
91 if(length <= 0.0) { return edep; } <<
92 86
93 G4double evis = edep; 87 G4double evis = edep;
94 G4double bfactor = couple->GetMaterial()->Ge << 88 G4double bfactor = FindBirksCoefficient(couple->GetMaterial());
95 89
96 if(bfactor > 0.0) { 90 if(bfactor > 0.0) {
97 91
98 // atomic relaxations for gamma incident << 92 // atomic relaxations
99 if(22 == p->GetPDGEncoding()) { << 93 if(p == gamma) {
100 //G4cout << "%% gamma edep= " << edep/ke << 94 evis /= (1.0 + bfactor*edep/manager->GetRange(electron,edep,couple));
101 evis /= (1.0 + bfactor*edep/ <<
102 G4LossTableManager::Instance()->GetRan <<
103 95
104 // energy loss 96 // energy loss
105 } else { 97 } else {
106 98
107 // protections 99 // protections
108 G4double nloss = std::max(niel, 0.0); << 100 G4double nloss = niel;
>> 101 if(nloss < 0.0) nloss = 0.0;
109 G4double eloss = edep - nloss; 102 G4double eloss = edep - nloss;
110 << 103 if(p == neutron || eloss < 0.0 || length <= 0.0) {
111 // neutrons and neutral hadrons << 104 nloss = edep;
112 if(0.0 == p->GetPDGCharge() || eloss < 0 <<
113 nloss = edep; <<
114 eloss = 0.0; 105 eloss = 0.0;
115 } else { <<
116 <<
117 // continues energy loss <<
118 eloss /= (1.0 + bfactor*eloss/length); <<
119 } 106 }
>> 107
>> 108 // continues energy loss
>> 109 if(eloss > 0.0) eloss /= (1.0 + bfactor*eloss/length);
>> 110
120 // non-ionizing energy loss 111 // non-ionizing energy loss
121 if(nloss > 0.0) { 112 if(nloss > 0.0) {
122 std::size_t idx = couple->GetMaterial( << 113 G4double escaled = nloss*curRatio;
123 G4double escaled = nloss*massFactors[i << 114 G4double s = manager->GetRange(proton,escaled,couple)/curChargeSq;
124 /* << 115 nloss /= (1.0 + bfactor*nloss/s);
125 G4cout << "%% p edep= " << nloss/keV < <<
126 << escaled << " MeV in " << co <<
127 << " " << p->GetParticleName() <<
128 << G4endl; <<
129 G4cout << proton->GetParticleName() << G4end <<
130 */ <<
131 G4double range = G4LossTableManager::I <<
132 ->GetRange(proton,escaled,couple)/ef <<
133 nloss /= (1.0 + bfactor*nloss/range); <<
134 } 116 }
>> 117
135 evis = eloss + nloss; 118 evis = eloss + nloss;
136 } 119 }
137 } 120 }
>> 121
138 return evis; 122 return evis;
139 } 123 }
140 124
141 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 125 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
142 126
143 void G4EmSaturation::InitialiseG4Saturation() <<
144 { <<
145 if(nMaterials == G4Material::GetNumberOfMate <<
146 nMaterials = G4Material::GetNumberOfMaterial <<
147 massFactors.resize(nMaterials, 1.0); <<
148 effCharges.resize(nMaterials, 1.0); <<
149 <<
150 if(0 == nG4Birks) { InitialiseG4materials() <<
151 <<
152 for(std::size_t i=0; i<nMaterials; ++i) { <<
153 InitialiseBirksCoefficient((*G4Material::G <<
154 } <<
155 if(verbose > 0) { DumpBirksCoefficients(); } <<
156 } <<
157 <<
158 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo <<
159 <<
160 G4double G4EmSaturation::FindG4BirksCoefficien 127 G4double G4EmSaturation::FindG4BirksCoefficient(const G4Material* mat)
161 { 128 {
162 if(0 == nG4Birks) { InitialiseG4materials() <<
163 <<
164 G4String name = mat->GetName(); 129 G4String name = mat->GetName();
165 // is this material in the vector? 130 // is this material in the vector?
166 131
167 for(G4int j=0; j<nG4Birks; ++j) { << 132 for(G4int j=0; j<nG4Birks; j++) {
168 if(name == g4MatNames[j]) { 133 if(name == g4MatNames[j]) {
169 if(verbose > 0) 134 if(verbose > 0)
170 G4cout << "### G4EmSaturation::FindG4B << 135 G4cout << "### G4EmSaturation::FindG4BirksCoefficient for "
171 << name << " is " << g4MatData[ << 136 << name << " is " << g4MatData[j]*MeV/mm << " mm/MeV "
172 << G4endl; << 137 << G4endl;
173 return g4MatData[j]; 138 return g4MatData[j];
174 } 139 }
175 } 140 }
176 return 0.0; << 141 return FindBirksCoefficient(mat);
177 } 142 }
178 143
179 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 144 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
180 145
181 void G4EmSaturation::InitialiseBirksCoefficien << 146 G4double G4EmSaturation::FindBirksCoefficient(const G4Material* mat)
182 { 147 {
183 // electron and proton should exist in any c << 148 if(mat == curMaterial) return curBirks;
184 if(nullptr == electron) { << 149
185 electron = G4ParticleTable::GetParticleTab << 150 curMaterial = mat;
186 proton = G4ParticleTable::GetParticleTable << 151 curBirks = 0.0;
187 if(nullptr == electron) { << 152 curRatio = 1.0;
188 G4Exception("G4EmSaturation::InitialiseB << 153 curChargeSq = 1.0;
189 FatalException, "electron should exist") << 154
>> 155 // seach in the run-time list
>> 156 for(G4int i=0; i<nMaterials; i++) {
>> 157 if(mat == matPointers[i]) {
>> 158 curBirks = mat->GetIonisation()->GetBirksConstant();
>> 159 curRatio = massFactors[i];
>> 160 curChargeSq = effCharges[i];
>> 161 return curBirks;
190 } 162 }
191 } 163 }
192 164
193 G4double curBirks = mat->GetIonisation()->Ge << 165 if(!manager) {
>> 166 manager = G4LossTableManager::Instance();
>> 167 nist = G4NistManager::Instance();
>> 168 gamma = G4Gamma::Gamma();
>> 169 electron= G4Electron::Electron();
>> 170 proton = G4Proton::Proton();
>> 171 neutron = G4Neutron::Neutron();
>> 172 }
194 173
195 G4String name = mat->GetName(); 174 G4String name = mat->GetName();
>> 175 curBirks = mat->GetIonisation()->GetBirksConstant();
196 176
197 // material has no Birks coeffitient defined 177 // material has no Birks coeffitient defined
198 // seach in the Geant4 list 178 // seach in the Geant4 list
199 if(curBirks == 0.0) { 179 if(curBirks == 0.0) {
200 for(G4int j=0; j<nG4Birks; ++j) { << 180 for(G4int j=0; j<nG4Birks; j++) {
201 if(name == g4MatNames[j]) { 181 if(name == g4MatNames[j]) {
202 mat->GetIonisation()->SetBirksConstant << 182 mat->GetIonisation()->SetBirksConstant(g4MatData[j]);
203 curBirks = g4MatData[j]; 183 curBirks = g4MatData[j];
204 break; 184 break;
205 } 185 }
206 } 186 }
207 } 187 }
208 188
209 if(curBirks == 0.0) { return; } << 189 if(curBirks == 0.0 && verbose > 0) {
>> 190 G4cout << "### G4EmSaturation::FindBirksCoefficient fails "
>> 191 " for material " << name << G4endl;
>> 192 }
210 193
211 // compute mean mass ratio 194 // compute mean mass ratio
212 G4double curRatio = 0.0; << 195 curRatio = 0.0;
213 G4double curChargeSq = 0.0; << 196 curChargeSq = 0.0;
214 G4double norm = 0.0; 197 G4double norm = 0.0;
215 const G4ElementVector* theElementVector = ma 198 const G4ElementVector* theElementVector = mat->GetElementVector();
216 const G4double* theAtomNumDensityVector = ma 199 const G4double* theAtomNumDensityVector = mat->GetVecNbOfAtomsPerVolume();
217 std::size_t nelm = mat->GetNumberOfElements( << 200 size_t nelm = mat->GetNumberOfElements();
218 for (std::size_t i=0; i<nelm; ++i) { << 201 for (size_t i=0; i<nelm; i++) {
219 const G4Element* elm = (*theElementVector) 202 const G4Element* elm = (*theElementVector)[i];
220 G4int Z = elm->GetZasInt(); << 203 G4double Z = elm->GetZ();
221 G4double w = theAtomNumDensityVector[i]; << 204 G4double w = Z*Z*theAtomNumDensityVector[i];
222 curRatio += w/nist->GetAtomicMassAmu(Z); << 205 curRatio += w/nist->GetAtomicMassAmu(G4int(Z));
223 curChargeSq += (Z*Z)*w; << 206 curChargeSq = Z*Z*w;
224 norm += w; 207 norm += w;
225 } 208 }
226 if ( norm > 0.0) { norm = 1.0/norm; } << 209 curRatio *= proton_mass_c2/norm;
227 curRatio *= (CLHEP::proton_mass_c2*norm); << 210 curChargeSq /= norm;
228 curChargeSq *= norm; <<
229 211
230 // store results 212 // store results
231 std::size_t idx = mat->GetIndex(); << 213 matPointers.push_back(mat);
232 massFactors[idx] = curRatio; << 214 matNames.push_back(name);
233 effCharges[idx] = curChargeSq; << 215 massFactors.push_back(curRatio);
>> 216 effCharges.push_back(curChargeSq);
>> 217 nMaterials++;
>> 218 if(curBirks > 0.0 && verbose > 0) {
>> 219 G4cout << "### G4EmSaturation::FindBirksCoefficient Birks coefficient for "
>> 220 << name << " " << curBirks*MeV/mm << " mm/MeV" << G4endl;
>> 221 }
>> 222 return curBirks;
234 } 223 }
235 224
236 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 225 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
237 226
238 void G4EmSaturation::DumpBirksCoefficients() 227 void G4EmSaturation::DumpBirksCoefficients()
239 { 228 {
240 G4cout << "### Birks coefficients used in ru << 229 if(nMaterials > 0) {
241 const G4MaterialTable* mtable = G4Material:: << 230 G4cout << "### Birks coeffitients used in run time" << G4endl;
242 for(std::size_t i=0; i<nMaterials; ++i) { << 231 for(G4int i=0; i<nMaterials; i++) {
243 const G4Material* mat = (*mtable)[i]; << 232 G4double br = matPointers[i]->GetIonisation()->GetBirksConstant();
244 G4double br = mat->GetIonisation()->GetBir << 233 G4cout << " " << matNames[i] << " "
245 if(br > 0.0) { <<
246 G4cout << " " << mat->GetName() << " <<
247 << br*MeV/mm << " mm/MeV" << " " 234 << br*MeV/mm << " mm/MeV" << " "
248 << br*mat->GetDensity()*MeV*cm2/g << 235 << br*matPointers[i]->GetDensity()*MeV*cm2/g
249 << " g/cm^2/MeV massFactor= " << mass << 236 << " g/cm^2/MeV"
250 << " effCharge= " << effCharges[i] << G << 237 << G4endl;
251 } 238 }
252 } 239 }
253 } 240 }
254 241
255 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 242 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
256 243
257 void G4EmSaturation::DumpG4BirksCoefficients() 244 void G4EmSaturation::DumpG4BirksCoefficients()
258 { 245 {
259 if(nG4Birks > 0) { 246 if(nG4Birks > 0) {
260 G4cout << "### Birks coefficients for Gean << 247 G4cout << "### Birks coeffitients for Geant4 materials" << G4endl;
261 for(G4int i=0; i<nG4Birks; ++i) { << 248 for(G4int i=0; i<nG4Birks; i++) {
262 G4cout << " " << g4MatNames[i] << " 249 G4cout << " " << g4MatNames[i] << " "
263 << g4MatData[i]*MeV/mm << " mm/Me << 250 << g4MatData[i]*MeV/mm << " mm/MeV" << G4endl;
264 } 251 }
265 } 252 }
266 } 253 }
267 254
268 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 255 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
269 256
270 void G4EmSaturation::InitialiseG4materials() << 257 void G4EmSaturation::Initialise()
271 { 258 {
272 nG4Birks = 4; <<
273 g4MatData.reserve(nG4Birks); <<
274 <<
275 // M.Hirschberg et al., IEEE Trans. Nuc. Sci 259 // M.Hirschberg et al., IEEE Trans. Nuc. Sci. 39 (1992) 511
276 // SCSN-38 kB = 0.00842 g/cm^2/MeV; rho = 1. 260 // SCSN-38 kB = 0.00842 g/cm^2/MeV; rho = 1.06 g/cm^3
277 g4MatNames.push_back("G4_POLYSTYRENE"); 261 g4MatNames.push_back("G4_POLYSTYRENE");
278 g4MatData.push_back(0.07943*mm/MeV); 262 g4MatData.push_back(0.07943*mm/MeV);
279 263
280 // C.Fabjan (private communication) 264 // C.Fabjan (private communication)
281 // kB = 0.006 g/cm^2/MeV; rho = 7.13 g/cm^3 265 // kB = 0.006 g/cm^2/MeV; rho = 7.13 g/cm^3
282 g4MatNames.push_back("G4_BGO"); 266 g4MatNames.push_back("G4_BGO");
283 g4MatData.push_back(0.008415*mm/MeV); 267 g4MatData.push_back(0.008415*mm/MeV);
284 268
285 // A.Ribon analysis of publications 269 // A.Ribon analysis of publications
286 // Scallettar et al., Phys. Rev. A25 (1982) 270 // Scallettar et al., Phys. Rev. A25 (1982) 2419.
287 // NIM A 523 (2004) 275. 271 // NIM A 523 (2004) 275.
288 // kB = 0.022 g/cm^2/MeV; rho = 1.396 g/cm^3 272 // kB = 0.022 g/cm^2/MeV; rho = 1.396 g/cm^3;
289 // ATLAS Efield = 10 kV/cm provide the stron << 273 // ATLAS Efield = 10 kV/cm provide the strongest effect
290 // kB = 0.1576*mm/MeV <<
291 // A. Kiryunin and P.Strizenec "Geant4 hadro <<
292 // working group meeting " kB = 0.041/9.13 g <<
293 g4MatNames.push_back("G4_lAr"); 274 g4MatNames.push_back("G4_lAr");
294 g4MatData.push_back(0.032*mm/MeV); << 275 g4MatData.push_back(0.1576*mm/MeV);
295 276
296 //G4_BARIUM_FLUORIDE 277 //G4_BARIUM_FLUORIDE
297 //G4_CESIUM_IODIDE 278 //G4_CESIUM_IODIDE
298 //G4_GEL_PHOTO_EMULSION 279 //G4_GEL_PHOTO_EMULSION
299 //G4_PHOTO_EMULSION 280 //G4_PHOTO_EMULSION
300 //G4_PLASTIC_SC_VINYLTOLUENE 281 //G4_PLASTIC_SC_VINYLTOLUENE
301 //G4_SODIUM_IODIDE 282 //G4_SODIUM_IODIDE
302 //G4_STILBENE 283 //G4_STILBENE
303 //G4_lAr 284 //G4_lAr
304 << 285 //G4_PbWO4
305 //G4_PbWO4 - CMS value <<
306 g4MatNames.push_back("G4_PbWO4"); <<
307 g4MatData.push_back(0.0333333*mm/MeV); <<
308 <<
309 //G4_Lucite 286 //G4_Lucite
310 287
>> 288 nG4Birks = g4MatData.size();
311 } 289 }
312 290
313 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 291 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
314 292