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25 // 25 //
>> 26 // $Id$
26 // 27 //
27 // ------------------------------------------- 28 // -------------------------------------------------------------------
28 // 29 //
29 // GEANT4 Class file 30 // GEANT4 Class file
30 // 31 //
31 // 32 //
32 // File name: G4EmSaturation 33 // File name: G4EmSaturation
33 // 34 //
34 // Author: Vladimir Ivanchenko 35 // Author: Vladimir Ivanchenko
35 // 36 //
36 // Creation date: 18.02.2008 37 // Creation date: 18.02.2008
37 // 38 //
38 // Modifications: 39 // Modifications:
39 // 40 //
40 // ------------------------------------------- 41 // -------------------------------------------------------------
41 42
42 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 43 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
43 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 44 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
44 45
45 #include "G4EmSaturation.hh" 46 #include "G4EmSaturation.hh"
46 #include "G4PhysicalConstants.hh" 47 #include "G4PhysicalConstants.hh"
47 #include "G4SystemOfUnits.hh" 48 #include "G4SystemOfUnits.hh"
48 #include "G4LossTableManager.hh" 49 #include "G4LossTableManager.hh"
49 #include "G4NistManager.hh" 50 #include "G4NistManager.hh"
50 #include "G4Material.hh" 51 #include "G4Material.hh"
51 #include "G4MaterialCutsCouple.hh" 52 #include "G4MaterialCutsCouple.hh"
52 #include "G4ParticleTable.hh" 53 #include "G4ParticleTable.hh"
53 54
54 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 55 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
55 56
56 std::size_t G4EmSaturation::nMaterials = 0; << 57 G4int G4EmSaturation::nMaterials = 0;
57 std::vector<G4double> G4EmSaturation::massFact 58 std::vector<G4double> G4EmSaturation::massFactors;
58 std::vector<G4double> G4EmSaturation::effCharg 59 std::vector<G4double> G4EmSaturation::effCharges;
59 std::vector<G4double> G4EmSaturation::g4MatDat 60 std::vector<G4double> G4EmSaturation::g4MatData;
60 std::vector<G4String> G4EmSaturation::g4MatNam 61 std::vector<G4String> G4EmSaturation::g4MatNames;
61 62
62 G4EmSaturation::G4EmSaturation(G4int verb) 63 G4EmSaturation::G4EmSaturation(G4int verb)
63 { 64 {
64 verbose = verb; 65 verbose = verb;
>> 66
65 nWarnings = nG4Birks = 0; 67 nWarnings = nG4Birks = 0;
66 68
67 electron = nullptr; 69 electron = nullptr;
68 proton = nullptr; 70 proton = nullptr;
69 nist = G4NistManager::Instance(); 71 nist = G4NistManager::Instance();
70 InitialiseG4Saturation(); <<
71 } 72 }
72 73
73 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 74 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
74 75
75 G4EmSaturation::~G4EmSaturation() = default; << 76 G4EmSaturation::~G4EmSaturation()
>> 77 {}
76 78
77 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 79 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
78 80
79 G4double G4EmSaturation::VisibleEnergyDepositi 81 G4double G4EmSaturation::VisibleEnergyDeposition(
80 const G4 82 const G4ParticleDefinition* p,
81 const G4 83 const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple,
82 G4double 84 G4double length,
83 G4double 85 G4double edep,
84 G4double 86 G4double niel) const
85 { 87 {
86 // no energy deposition <<
87 if(edep <= 0.0) { return 0.0; } 88 if(edep <= 0.0) { return 0.0; }
88 89
89 // zero step length may happens only if step <<
90 // is applied, in that case saturation shoul <<
91 if(length <= 0.0) { return edep; } <<
92 <<
93 G4double evis = edep; 90 G4double evis = edep;
94 G4double bfactor = couple->GetMaterial()->Ge 91 G4double bfactor = couple->GetMaterial()->GetIonisation()->GetBirksConstant();
95 92
96 if(bfactor > 0.0) { 93 if(bfactor > 0.0) {
97 94
98 // atomic relaxations for gamma incident 95 // atomic relaxations for gamma incident
99 if(22 == p->GetPDGEncoding()) { 96 if(22 == p->GetPDGEncoding()) {
100 //G4cout << "%% gamma edep= " << edep/ke << 97 //G4cout << "%% gamma edep= " << edep/keV << " keV " <<manager << G4endl;
101 evis /= (1.0 + bfactor*edep/ 98 evis /= (1.0 + bfactor*edep/
102 G4LossTableManager::Instance()->GetRan 99 G4LossTableManager::Instance()->GetRange(electron,edep,couple));
103 100
104 // energy loss 101 // energy loss
105 } else { 102 } else {
106 103
107 // protections 104 // protections
108 G4double nloss = std::max(niel, 0.0); 105 G4double nloss = std::max(niel, 0.0);
109 G4double eloss = edep - nloss; 106 G4double eloss = edep - nloss;
110 107
111 // neutrons and neutral hadrons 108 // neutrons and neutral hadrons
112 if(0.0 == p->GetPDGCharge() || eloss < 0 << 109 if(0.0 == p->GetPDGCharge() || eloss < 0.0 || length <= 0.0) {
113 nloss = edep; 110 nloss = edep;
114 eloss = 0.0; 111 eloss = 0.0;
115 } else { 112 } else {
116 113
117 // continues energy loss 114 // continues energy loss
118 eloss /= (1.0 + bfactor*eloss/length); 115 eloss /= (1.0 + bfactor*eloss/length);
119 } 116 }
120 // non-ionizing energy loss 117 // non-ionizing energy loss
121 if(nloss > 0.0) { 118 if(nloss > 0.0) {
122 std::size_t idx = couple->GetMaterial( << 119 G4int idx = couple->GetMaterial()->GetIndex();
123 G4double escaled = nloss*massFactors[i 120 G4double escaled = nloss*massFactors[idx];
124 /* << 121 /*
125 G4cout << "%% p edep= " << nloss/keV < 122 G4cout << "%% p edep= " << nloss/keV << " keV Escaled= "
126 << escaled << " MeV in " << co 123 << escaled << " MeV in " << couple->GetMaterial()->GetName()
127 << " " << p->GetParticleName() << 124 << " " << p->GetParticleName()
128 << G4endl; << 125 << G4endl;
129 G4cout << proton->GetParticleName() << G4end << 126 */
130 */ <<
131 G4double range = G4LossTableManager::I 127 G4double range = G4LossTableManager::Instance()
132 ->GetRange(proton,escaled,couple)/ef 128 ->GetRange(proton,escaled,couple)/effCharges[idx];
133 nloss /= (1.0 + bfactor*nloss/range); 129 nloss /= (1.0 + bfactor*nloss/range);
134 } 130 }
135 evis = eloss + nloss; 131 evis = eloss + nloss;
136 } 132 }
137 } 133 }
138 return evis; 134 return evis;
139 } 135 }
140 136
141 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 137 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
142 138
143 void G4EmSaturation::InitialiseG4Saturation() 139 void G4EmSaturation::InitialiseG4Saturation()
144 { 140 {
145 if(nMaterials == G4Material::GetNumberOfMate <<
146 nMaterials = G4Material::GetNumberOfMaterial 141 nMaterials = G4Material::GetNumberOfMaterials();
147 massFactors.resize(nMaterials, 1.0); 142 massFactors.resize(nMaterials, 1.0);
148 effCharges.resize(nMaterials, 1.0); 143 effCharges.resize(nMaterials, 1.0);
149 144
150 if(0 == nG4Birks) { InitialiseG4materials() 145 if(0 == nG4Birks) { InitialiseG4materials(); }
151 146
152 for(std::size_t i=0; i<nMaterials; ++i) { << 147 for(G4int i=0; i<nMaterials; ++i) {
153 InitialiseBirksCoefficient((*G4Material::G 148 InitialiseBirksCoefficient((*G4Material::GetMaterialTable())[i]);
154 } 149 }
155 if(verbose > 0) { DumpBirksCoefficients(); } 150 if(verbose > 0) { DumpBirksCoefficients(); }
156 } 151 }
157 152
158 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 153 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
159 154
160 G4double G4EmSaturation::FindG4BirksCoefficien 155 G4double G4EmSaturation::FindG4BirksCoefficient(const G4Material* mat)
161 { 156 {
162 if(0 == nG4Birks) { InitialiseG4materials() 157 if(0 == nG4Birks) { InitialiseG4materials(); }
163 158
164 G4String name = mat->GetName(); 159 G4String name = mat->GetName();
165 // is this material in the vector? 160 // is this material in the vector?
166 161
167 for(G4int j=0; j<nG4Birks; ++j) { 162 for(G4int j=0; j<nG4Birks; ++j) {
168 if(name == g4MatNames[j]) { 163 if(name == g4MatNames[j]) {
169 if(verbose > 0) 164 if(verbose > 0)
170 G4cout << "### G4EmSaturation::FindG4B 165 G4cout << "### G4EmSaturation::FindG4BirksCoefficient for "
171 << name << " is " << g4MatData[ 166 << name << " is " << g4MatData[j]*MeV/mm << " mm/MeV "
172 << G4endl; 167 << G4endl;
173 return g4MatData[j]; 168 return g4MatData[j];
174 } 169 }
175 } 170 }
176 return 0.0; 171 return 0.0;
177 } 172 }
178 173
179 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 174 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
180 175
181 void G4EmSaturation::InitialiseBirksCoefficien 176 void G4EmSaturation::InitialiseBirksCoefficient(const G4Material* mat)
182 { 177 {
183 // electron and proton should exist in any c 178 // electron and proton should exist in any case
184 if(nullptr == electron) { << 179 if(!electron) {
185 electron = G4ParticleTable::GetParticleTab 180 electron = G4ParticleTable::GetParticleTable()->FindParticle("e-");
186 proton = G4ParticleTable::GetParticleTable 181 proton = G4ParticleTable::GetParticleTable()->FindParticle("proton");
187 if(nullptr == electron) { << 182 if(!electron || !proton) {
188 G4Exception("G4EmSaturation::InitialiseB 183 G4Exception("G4EmSaturation::InitialiseBirksCoefficient", "em0001",
189 FatalException, "electron should exist") << 184 FatalException, "both electron and proton should exist");
190 } 185 }
191 } 186 }
192 187
193 G4double curBirks = mat->GetIonisation()->Ge 188 G4double curBirks = mat->GetIonisation()->GetBirksConstant();
194 189
195 G4String name = mat->GetName(); 190 G4String name = mat->GetName();
196 191
197 // material has no Birks coeffitient defined 192 // material has no Birks coeffitient defined
198 // seach in the Geant4 list 193 // seach in the Geant4 list
199 if(curBirks == 0.0) { 194 if(curBirks == 0.0) {
200 for(G4int j=0; j<nG4Birks; ++j) { 195 for(G4int j=0; j<nG4Birks; ++j) {
201 if(name == g4MatNames[j]) { 196 if(name == g4MatNames[j]) {
202 mat->GetIonisation()->SetBirksConstant 197 mat->GetIonisation()->SetBirksConstant(g4MatData[j]);
203 curBirks = g4MatData[j]; 198 curBirks = g4MatData[j];
204 break; 199 break;
205 } 200 }
206 } 201 }
207 } 202 }
208 203
209 if(curBirks == 0.0) { return; } 204 if(curBirks == 0.0) { return; }
210 205
211 // compute mean mass ratio 206 // compute mean mass ratio
212 G4double curRatio = 0.0; 207 G4double curRatio = 0.0;
213 G4double curChargeSq = 0.0; 208 G4double curChargeSq = 0.0;
214 G4double norm = 0.0; 209 G4double norm = 0.0;
215 const G4ElementVector* theElementVector = ma 210 const G4ElementVector* theElementVector = mat->GetElementVector();
216 const G4double* theAtomNumDensityVector = ma 211 const G4double* theAtomNumDensityVector = mat->GetVecNbOfAtomsPerVolume();
217 std::size_t nelm = mat->GetNumberOfElements( << 212 size_t nelm = mat->GetNumberOfElements();
218 for (std::size_t i=0; i<nelm; ++i) { << 213 for (size_t i=0; i<nelm; ++i) {
219 const G4Element* elm = (*theElementVector) 214 const G4Element* elm = (*theElementVector)[i];
220 G4int Z = elm->GetZasInt(); << 215 G4double Z = elm->GetZ();
221 G4double w = theAtomNumDensityVector[i]; << 216 G4double w = Z*Z*theAtomNumDensityVector[i];
222 curRatio += w/nist->GetAtomicMassAmu(Z); << 217 curRatio += w/nist->GetAtomicMassAmu(G4int(Z));
223 curChargeSq += (Z*Z)*w; << 218 curChargeSq = Z*Z*w;
224 norm += w; 219 norm += w;
225 } 220 }
226 if ( norm > 0.0) { norm = 1.0/norm; } << 221 curRatio *= proton_mass_c2/norm;
227 curRatio *= (CLHEP::proton_mass_c2*norm); << 222 curChargeSq /= norm;
228 curChargeSq *= norm; <<
229 223
230 // store results 224 // store results
231 std::size_t idx = mat->GetIndex(); << 225 G4int idx = mat->GetIndex();
232 massFactors[idx] = curRatio; 226 massFactors[idx] = curRatio;
233 effCharges[idx] = curChargeSq; 227 effCharges[idx] = curChargeSq;
234 } 228 }
235 229
236 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 230 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
237 231
238 void G4EmSaturation::DumpBirksCoefficients() 232 void G4EmSaturation::DumpBirksCoefficients()
239 { 233 {
240 G4cout << "### Birks coefficients used in ru 234 G4cout << "### Birks coefficients used in run time" << G4endl;
241 const G4MaterialTable* mtable = G4Material:: 235 const G4MaterialTable* mtable = G4Material::GetMaterialTable();
242 for(std::size_t i=0; i<nMaterials; ++i) { << 236 for(G4int i=0; i<nMaterials; ++i) {
243 const G4Material* mat = (*mtable)[i]; 237 const G4Material* mat = (*mtable)[i];
244 G4double br = mat->GetIonisation()->GetBir 238 G4double br = mat->GetIonisation()->GetBirksConstant();
245 if(br > 0.0) { 239 if(br > 0.0) {
246 G4cout << " " << mat->GetName() << " 240 G4cout << " " << mat->GetName() << " "
247 << br*MeV/mm << " mm/MeV" << " " 241 << br*MeV/mm << " mm/MeV" << " "
248 << br*mat->GetDensity()*MeV*cm2/g 242 << br*mat->GetDensity()*MeV*cm2/g
249 << " g/cm^2/MeV massFactor= " << mass 243 << " g/cm^2/MeV massFactor= " << massFactors[i]
250 << " effCharge= " << effCharges[i] << G 244 << " effCharge= " << effCharges[i] << G4endl;
251 } 245 }
252 } 246 }
253 } 247 }
254 248
255 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 249 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
256 250
257 void G4EmSaturation::DumpG4BirksCoefficients() 251 void G4EmSaturation::DumpG4BirksCoefficients()
258 { 252 {
259 if(nG4Birks > 0) { 253 if(nG4Birks > 0) {
260 G4cout << "### Birks coefficients for Gean 254 G4cout << "### Birks coefficients for Geant4 materials" << G4endl;
261 for(G4int i=0; i<nG4Birks; ++i) { 255 for(G4int i=0; i<nG4Birks; ++i) {
262 G4cout << " " << g4MatNames[i] << " 256 G4cout << " " << g4MatNames[i] << " "
263 << g4MatData[i]*MeV/mm << " mm/Me 257 << g4MatData[i]*MeV/mm << " mm/MeV" << G4endl;
264 } 258 }
265 } 259 }
266 } 260 }
267 261
268 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 262 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
269 263
270 void G4EmSaturation::InitialiseG4materials() 264 void G4EmSaturation::InitialiseG4materials()
271 { 265 {
272 nG4Birks = 4; 266 nG4Birks = 4;
273 g4MatData.reserve(nG4Birks); 267 g4MatData.reserve(nG4Birks);
274 268
275 // M.Hirschberg et al., IEEE Trans. Nuc. Sci 269 // M.Hirschberg et al., IEEE Trans. Nuc. Sci. 39 (1992) 511
276 // SCSN-38 kB = 0.00842 g/cm^2/MeV; rho = 1. 270 // SCSN-38 kB = 0.00842 g/cm^2/MeV; rho = 1.06 g/cm^3
277 g4MatNames.push_back("G4_POLYSTYRENE"); 271 g4MatNames.push_back("G4_POLYSTYRENE");
278 g4MatData.push_back(0.07943*mm/MeV); 272 g4MatData.push_back(0.07943*mm/MeV);
279 273
280 // C.Fabjan (private communication) 274 // C.Fabjan (private communication)
281 // kB = 0.006 g/cm^2/MeV; rho = 7.13 g/cm^3 275 // kB = 0.006 g/cm^2/MeV; rho = 7.13 g/cm^3
282 g4MatNames.push_back("G4_BGO"); 276 g4MatNames.push_back("G4_BGO");
283 g4MatData.push_back(0.008415*mm/MeV); 277 g4MatData.push_back(0.008415*mm/MeV);
284 278
285 // A.Ribon analysis of publications 279 // A.Ribon analysis of publications
286 // Scallettar et al., Phys. Rev. A25 (1982) 280 // Scallettar et al., Phys. Rev. A25 (1982) 2419.
287 // NIM A 523 (2004) 275. 281 // NIM A 523 (2004) 275.
288 // kB = 0.022 g/cm^2/MeV; rho = 1.396 g/cm^3 282 // kB = 0.022 g/cm^2/MeV; rho = 1.396 g/cm^3;
289 // ATLAS Efield = 10 kV/cm provide the stron 283 // ATLAS Efield = 10 kV/cm provide the strongest effect
290 // kB = 0.1576*mm/MeV 284 // kB = 0.1576*mm/MeV
291 // A. Kiryunin and P.Strizenec "Geant4 hadro 285 // A. Kiryunin and P.Strizenec "Geant4 hadronic
292 // working group meeting " kB = 0.041/9.13 g 286 // working group meeting " kB = 0.041/9.13 g/cm^2/MeV
293 g4MatNames.push_back("G4_lAr"); 287 g4MatNames.push_back("G4_lAr");
294 g4MatData.push_back(0.032*mm/MeV); 288 g4MatData.push_back(0.032*mm/MeV);
295 289
296 //G4_BARIUM_FLUORIDE 290 //G4_BARIUM_FLUORIDE
297 //G4_CESIUM_IODIDE 291 //G4_CESIUM_IODIDE
298 //G4_GEL_PHOTO_EMULSION 292 //G4_GEL_PHOTO_EMULSION
299 //G4_PHOTO_EMULSION 293 //G4_PHOTO_EMULSION
300 //G4_PLASTIC_SC_VINYLTOLUENE 294 //G4_PLASTIC_SC_VINYLTOLUENE
301 //G4_SODIUM_IODIDE 295 //G4_SODIUM_IODIDE
302 //G4_STILBENE 296 //G4_STILBENE
303 //G4_lAr 297 //G4_lAr
304 298
305 //G4_PbWO4 - CMS value 299 //G4_PbWO4 - CMS value
306 g4MatNames.push_back("G4_PbWO4"); 300 g4MatNames.push_back("G4_PbWO4");
307 g4MatData.push_back(0.0333333*mm/MeV); 301 g4MatData.push_back(0.0333333*mm/MeV);
308 302
309 //G4_Lucite 303 //G4_Lucite
310 304
311 } 305 }
312 306
313 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 307 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo....
314 308