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25 // 25 //
>> 26 // $Id: G4BraggModel.cc,v 1.20 2008/10/22 16:01:46 vnivanch Exp $
>> 27 // GEANT4 tag $Name: geant4-09-02-patch-04 $
26 // 28 //
27 // ------------------------------------------- 29 // -------------------------------------------------------------------
28 // 30 //
29 // GEANT4 Class file 31 // GEANT4 Class file
30 // 32 //
31 // 33 //
32 // File name: G4BraggModel 34 // File name: G4BraggModel
33 // 35 //
34 // Author: Vladimir Ivanchenko 36 // Author: Vladimir Ivanchenko
35 // 37 //
36 // Creation date: 03.01.2002 38 // Creation date: 03.01.2002
37 // 39 //
38 // Modifications: 40 // Modifications:
39 // 41 //
40 // 04-12-02 Fix problem of G4DynamicParticle c 42 // 04-12-02 Fix problem of G4DynamicParticle constructor (V.Ivanchenko)
41 // 23-12-02 Change interface in order to move 43 // 23-12-02 Change interface in order to move to cut per region (V.Ivanchenko)
42 // 27-01-03 Make models region aware (V.Ivanch 44 // 27-01-03 Make models region aware (V.Ivanchenko)
43 // 13-02-03 Add name (V.Ivanchenko) 45 // 13-02-03 Add name (V.Ivanchenko)
44 // 04-06-03 Fix compilation warnings (V.Ivanch 46 // 04-06-03 Fix compilation warnings (V.Ivanchenko)
45 // 12-09-04 Add lowestKinEnergy and change ord 47 // 12-09-04 Add lowestKinEnergy and change order of if in DEDX method (VI)
46 // 11-04-05 Major optimisation of internal int 48 // 11-04-05 Major optimisation of internal interfaces (V.Ivantchenko)
47 // 16-06-05 Fix problem of chemical formula (V 49 // 16-06-05 Fix problem of chemical formula (V.Ivantchenko)
48 // 15-02-06 ComputeCrossSectionPerElectron, Co 50 // 15-02-06 ComputeCrossSectionPerElectron, ComputeCrossSectionPerAtom (mma)
49 // 25-04-06 Add stopping data from PSTAR (V.Iv 51 // 25-04-06 Add stopping data from PSTAR (V.Ivanchenko)
50 // 12-08-08 Added methods GetParticleCharge, G 52 // 12-08-08 Added methods GetParticleCharge, GetChargeSquareRatio,
51 // CorrectionsAlongStep needed for io 53 // CorrectionsAlongStep needed for ions(V.Ivanchenko)
52 54
53 // Class Description: 55 // Class Description:
54 // 56 //
55 // Implementation of energy loss and delta-ele 57 // Implementation of energy loss and delta-electron production by
56 // slow charged heavy particles 58 // slow charged heavy particles
57 59
58 // ------------------------------------------- 60 // -------------------------------------------------------------------
59 // 61 //
60 62
61 63
62 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 64 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
63 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 65 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
64 66
65 #include "G4BraggModel.hh" 67 #include "G4BraggModel.hh"
66 #include "G4PhysicalConstants.hh" <<
67 #include "G4SystemOfUnits.hh" <<
68 #include "Randomize.hh" 68 #include "Randomize.hh"
69 #include "G4Electron.hh" 69 #include "G4Electron.hh"
70 #include "G4ParticleChangeForLoss.hh" 70 #include "G4ParticleChangeForLoss.hh"
71 #include "G4LossTableManager.hh" 71 #include "G4LossTableManager.hh"
72 #include "G4EmCorrections.hh" 72 #include "G4EmCorrections.hh"
73 #include "G4EmParameters.hh" <<
74 #include "G4DeltaAngle.hh" <<
75 #include "G4ICRU90StoppingData.hh" <<
76 #include "G4NistManager.hh" <<
77 #include "G4Log.hh" <<
78 #include "G4Exp.hh" <<
79 #include "G4AutoLock.hh" <<
80 73
81 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 74 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
82 75
83 G4ICRU90StoppingData* G4BraggModel::fICRU90 = << 76 using namespace std;
84 G4PSTARStopping* G4BraggModel::fPSTAR = nullpt <<
85 <<
86 namespace <<
87 { <<
88 G4Mutex ionMutex = G4MUTEX_INITIALIZER; <<
89 } <<
90 77
91 G4BraggModel::G4BraggModel(const G4ParticleDef 78 G4BraggModel::G4BraggModel(const G4ParticleDefinition* p, const G4String& nam)
92 : G4VEmModel(nam) << 79 : G4VEmModel(nam),
>> 80 particle(0),
>> 81 protonMassAMU(1.007276),
>> 82 iMolecula(0),
>> 83 isIon(false),
>> 84 isInitialised(false)
93 { 85 {
94 SetHighEnergyLimit(2.0*CLHEP::MeV); << 86 if(p) SetParticle(p);
>> 87 SetHighEnergyLimit(2.0*MeV);
95 88
96 lowestKinEnergy = 0.25*CLHEP::keV; << 89 lowestKinEnergy = 1.0*keV;
97 theZieglerFactor = CLHEP::eV*CLHEP::cm2*1.0e << 90 theZieglerFactor = eV*cm2*1.0e-15;
98 theElectron = G4Electron::Electron(); 91 theElectron = G4Electron::Electron();
99 expStopPower125 = 0.0; <<
100 <<
101 corr = G4LossTableManager::Instance()->EmCor <<
102 if(nullptr != p) { SetParticle(p); } <<
103 else { SetParticle(theElectron); } <<
104 } 92 }
105 93
106 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 94 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
107 95
108 G4BraggModel::~G4BraggModel() 96 G4BraggModel::~G4BraggModel()
>> 97 {}
>> 98
>> 99 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
>> 100
>> 101 G4double G4BraggModel::MinEnergyCut(const G4ParticleDefinition*,
>> 102 const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple)
109 { 103 {
110 if(isFirst) { << 104 return couple->GetMaterial()->GetIonisation()->GetMeanExcitationEnergy();
111 delete fPSTAR; <<
112 fPSTAR = nullptr; <<
113 } <<
114 } 105 }
115 106
116 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 107 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
117 108
118 void G4BraggModel::Initialise(const G4Particle 109 void G4BraggModel::Initialise(const G4ParticleDefinition* p,
119 const G4DataVect 110 const G4DataVector&)
120 { 111 {
121 if(p != particle) { SetParticle(p); } << 112 if(p != particle) SetParticle(p);
122 <<
123 // always false before the run <<
124 SetDeexcitationFlag(false); <<
125 113
126 // initialise data only once << 114 if(!isInitialised) {
127 if(nullptr == fPSTAR) { << 115 isInitialised = true;
128 G4AutoLock l(&ionMutex); <<
129 if(nullptr == fPSTAR) { <<
130 isFirst = true; <<
131 fPSTAR = new G4PSTARStopping(); <<
132 if(G4EmParameters::Instance()->UseICRU90 <<
133 fICRU90 = G4NistManager::Instance()->GetICRU <<
134 } <<
135 } <<
136 l.unlock(); <<
137 } <<
138 if(isFirst) { <<
139 if(nullptr != fICRU90) { fICRU90->Initiali <<
140 fPSTAR->Initialise(); <<
141 } <<
142 <<
143 if(nullptr == fParticleChange) { <<
144 116
145 if(UseAngularGeneratorFlag() && !GetAngula <<
146 SetAngularDistribution(new G4DeltaAngle( <<
147 } <<
148 G4String pname = particle->GetParticleName 117 G4String pname = particle->GetParticleName();
149 if(particle->GetParticleType() == "nucleus 118 if(particle->GetParticleType() == "nucleus" &&
150 pname != "deuteron" && pname != "triton << 119 pname != "deuteron" && pname != "triton") isIon = true;
151 pname != "alpha+" && pname != "helium <<
152 pname != "hydrogen") { isIon = true; } <<
153 120
154 fParticleChange = GetParticleChangeForLoss << 121 corr = G4LossTableManager::Instance()->EmCorrections();
155 } <<
156 } <<
157 <<
158 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo <<
159 122
160 void G4BraggModel::SetParticle(const G4Particl << 123 if(pParticleChange) {
161 { << 124 fParticleChange =
162 particle = p; << 125 reinterpret_cast<G4ParticleChangeForLoss*>(pParticleChange);
163 mass = particle->GetPDGMass(); << 126 } else {
164 spin = particle->GetPDGSpin(); << 127 fParticleChange = new G4ParticleChangeForLoss();
165 G4double q = particle->GetPDGCharge()/CLHEP: << 128 }
166 chargeSquare = q*q; << 129 }
167 massRate = mass/CLHEP::proton_mass_c2; <<
168 ratio = CLHEP::electron_mass_c2/mass; <<
169 } 130 }
170 131
171 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 132 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
172 133
173 G4double G4BraggModel::GetChargeSquareRatio(co 134 G4double G4BraggModel::GetChargeSquareRatio(const G4ParticleDefinition* p,
174 co << 135 const G4Material* mat,
175 G4 << 136 G4double kineticEnergy)
176 { 137 {
177 // this method is called only for ions 138 // this method is called only for ions
178 chargeSquare = corr->EffectiveChargeSquareRa << 139 G4double q2 = corr->EffectiveChargeSquareRatio(p,mat,kineticEnergy);
179 return chargeSquare; << 140 GetModelOfFluctuations()->SetParticleAndCharge(p, q2);
180 } << 141 return q2*corr->EffectiveChargeCorrection(p,mat,kineticEnergy);
181 <<
182 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo <<
183 <<
184 G4double G4BraggModel::MinEnergyCut(const G4Pa <<
185 const G4Ma <<
186 { <<
187 return couple->GetMaterial()->GetIonisation( <<
188 } 142 }
189 143
190 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 144 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
191 145
192 G4double G4BraggModel::GetParticleCharge(const 146 G4double G4BraggModel::GetParticleCharge(const G4ParticleDefinition* p,
193 const << 147 const G4Material* mat,
194 G4dou << 148 G4double kineticEnergy)
195 { 149 {
196 // this method is called only for ions, so n << 150 // this method is called only for ions
197 return corr->GetParticleCharge(p,mat,kinetic 151 return corr->GetParticleCharge(p,mat,kineticEnergy);
198 } 152 }
199 153
200 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 154 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
201 155
202 G4double G4BraggModel::ComputeCrossSectionPerE 156 G4double G4BraggModel::ComputeCrossSectionPerElectron(
203 con 157 const G4ParticleDefinition* p,
204 158 G4double kineticEnergy,
205 << 159 G4double cutEnergy,
206 160 G4double maxKinEnergy)
207 { 161 {
208 G4double cross = 0.0; << 162 G4double cross = 0.0;
209 const G4double tmax = MaxSecondaryEnerg << 163 G4double tmax = MaxSecondaryEnergy(p, kineticEnergy);
210 const G4double maxEnergy = std::min(tmax, ma << 164 G4double maxEnergy = std::min(tmax,maxKinEnergy);
211 const G4double cutEnergy = std::max(cut, low << 165 if(cutEnergy < tmax) {
212 if(cutEnergy < maxEnergy) { << 166
213 << 167 G4double energy = kineticEnergy + mass;
214 const G4double energy = kineticEnergy + m << 168 G4double energy2 = energy*energy;
215 const G4double energy2 = energy*energy; << 169 G4double beta2 = kineticEnergy*(kineticEnergy + 2.0*mass)/energy2;
216 const G4double beta2 = kineticEnergy*(ki << 170 cross = 1.0/cutEnergy - 1.0/maxEnergy - beta2*log(maxEnergy/cutEnergy)/tmax;
217 cross = (maxEnergy - cutEnergy)/(cutEnergy <<
218 - beta2*G4Log(maxEnergy/cutEnergy)/tmax; <<
219 <<
220 if( 0.0 < spin ) { cross += 0.5*(maxEnergy <<
221 171
222 cross *= CLHEP::twopi_mc2_rcl2*chargeSquar << 172 cross *= twopi_mc2_rcl2*chargeSquare/beta2;
223 } 173 }
224 // G4cout << "BR: e= " << kineticEnergy << << 174 // G4cout << "BR: e= " << kineticEnergy << " tmin= " << cutEnergy
225 // << " tmax= " << tmax << " cross= << 175 // << " tmax= " << tmax << " cross= " << cross << G4endl;
>> 176
226 return cross; 177 return cross;
227 } 178 }
228 179
229 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 180 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
230 181
231 G4double << 182 G4double G4BraggModel::ComputeCrossSectionPerAtom(
232 G4BraggModel::ComputeCrossSectionPerAtom(const << 183 const G4ParticleDefinition* p,
233 G4dou << 184 G4double kineticEnergy,
234 G4dou << 185 G4double Z, G4double,
235 G4dou << 186 G4double cutEnergy,
236 G4dou << 187 G4double maxEnergy)
237 { 188 {
238 return << 189 G4double cross = Z*ComputeCrossSectionPerElectron
239 Z*ComputeCrossSectionPerElectron(p,kinetic << 190 (p,kineticEnergy,cutEnergy,maxEnergy);
>> 191 return cross;
240 } 192 }
241 193
242 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 194 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
243 195
244 G4double G4BraggModel::CrossSectionPerVolume(c << 196 G4double G4BraggModel::CrossSectionPerVolume(
245 c << 197 const G4Material* material,
246 G << 198 const G4ParticleDefinition* p,
247 G << 199 G4double kineticEnergy,
248 G << 200 G4double cutEnergy,
>> 201 G4double maxEnergy)
249 { 202 {
250 return material->GetElectronDensity() << 203 G4double eDensity = material->GetElectronDensity();
251 *ComputeCrossSectionPerElectron(p,kineticE << 204 G4double cross = eDensity*ComputeCrossSectionPerElectron
>> 205 (p,kineticEnergy,cutEnergy,maxEnergy);
>> 206 return cross;
252 } 207 }
253 208
254 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 209 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
255 210
256 G4double G4BraggModel::ComputeDEDXPerVolume(co 211 G4double G4BraggModel::ComputeDEDXPerVolume(const G4Material* material,
257 co << 212 const G4ParticleDefinition* p,
258 G4 << 213 G4double kineticEnergy,
259 G4 << 214 G4double cutEnergy)
260 { << 215 {
261 const G4double tmax = MaxSecondaryEnergy(p, << 216 G4double tmax = MaxSecondaryEnergy(p, kineticEnergy);
262 const G4double tkin = kinEnergy/massRate; << 217 G4double tkin = kineticEnergy/massRate;
263 const G4double cutEnergy = std::max(cut, low <<
264 G4double dedx = 0.0; 218 G4double dedx = 0.0;
>> 219 if(tkin > lowestKinEnergy) dedx = DEDX(material, tkin);
>> 220 else dedx = DEDX(material, lowestKinEnergy)*sqrt(tkin/lowestKinEnergy);
265 221
266 // tkin is the scaled energy to proton << 222 if (cutEnergy < tmax) {
267 if (tkin < lowestKinEnergy) { <<
268 dedx = DEDX(material, lowestKinEnergy)*std <<
269 } else { <<
270 dedx = DEDX(material, tkin); <<
271 223
272 // correction for low cut value using Beth << 224 G4double tau = kineticEnergy/mass;
273 if (cutEnergy < tmax) { << 225 G4double gam = tau + 1.0;
274 const G4double tau = kinEnergy/mass; << 226 G4double bg2 = tau * (tau+2.0);
275 const G4double x = cutEnergy/tmax; << 227 G4double beta2 = bg2/(gam*gam);
>> 228 G4double x = cutEnergy/tmax;
276 229
277 dedx += (G4Log(x)*(tau + 1.)*(tau + 1.)/ << 230 dedx += (log(x) + (1.0 - x)*beta2) * twopi_mc2_rcl2
278 CLHEP::twopi_mc2_rcl2 * material->GetElectro << 231 * (material->GetElectronDensity())/beta2;
279 } <<
280 } 232 }
281 dedx = std::max(dedx, 0.0) * chargeSquare; <<
282 233
283 //G4cout << "E(MeV)= " << tkin/MeV << " dedx << 234 // now compute the total ionization loss
284 // << " " << material->GetName() << << 235
>> 236 if (dedx < 0.0) dedx = 0.0 ;
>> 237
>> 238 dedx *= chargeSquare;
>> 239
285 return dedx; 240 return dedx;
286 } 241 }
287 242
288 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 243 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
289 244
290 void G4BraggModel::SampleSecondaries(std::vect << 245 void G4BraggModel::CorrectionsAlongStep(const G4MaterialCutsCouple* couple,
291 const G4M << 246 const G4DynamicParticle* dp,
292 const G4D << 247 G4double& eloss,
293 G4double << 248 G4double&,
294 G4double << 249 G4double length)
295 { << 250 {
296 const G4double tmax = MaxSecondaryKinEnergy( << 251 if(nuclearStopping) {
297 const G4double xmax = std::min(tmax, maxEner << 252
298 const G4double xmin = std::max(lowestKinEner << 253 G4double preKinEnergy = dp->GetKineticEnergy();
299 if(xmin >= xmax) { return; } << 254 G4double e = preKinEnergy - eloss*0.5;
>> 255 if(e < 0.0) e = preKinEnergy*0.5;
>> 256 G4double nloss = length*corr->NuclearDEDX(dp->GetDefinition(),
>> 257 couple->GetMaterial(),
>> 258 e,false);
>> 259
>> 260 // too big energy loss
>> 261 if(eloss + nloss > preKinEnergy) {
>> 262 nloss *= (preKinEnergy/(eloss + nloss));
>> 263 eloss = preKinEnergy;
>> 264 } else {
>> 265 eloss += nloss;
>> 266 }
>> 267 /*
>> 268 G4cout << "G4ionIonisation::CorrectionsAlongStep: e= " << preKinEnergy
>> 269 << " de= " << eloss << " NIEL= " << nloss
>> 270 << " dynQ= " << dp->GetCharge()/eplus << G4endl;
>> 271 */
>> 272 fParticleChange->ProposeNonIonizingEnergyDeposit(nloss);
>> 273 }
>> 274 }
>> 275
>> 276 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
>> 277
>> 278 void G4BraggModel::SampleSecondaries(vector<G4DynamicParticle*>* vdp,
>> 279 const G4MaterialCutsCouple*,
>> 280 const G4DynamicParticle* dp,
>> 281 G4double xmin,
>> 282 G4double maxEnergy)
>> 283 {
>> 284 G4double tmax = MaxSecondaryKinEnergy(dp);
>> 285 G4double xmax = std::min(tmax, maxEnergy);
>> 286 if(xmin >= xmax) return;
300 287
301 G4double kineticEnergy = dp->GetKineticEnerg 288 G4double kineticEnergy = dp->GetKineticEnergy();
302 const G4double energy = kineticEnergy + mas << 289 G4double energy = kineticEnergy + mass;
303 const G4double energy2 = energy*energy; << 290 G4double energy2 = energy*energy;
304 const G4double beta2 = kineticEnergy*(kine << 291 G4double beta2 = kineticEnergy*(kineticEnergy + 2.0*mass)/energy2;
305 const G4double grej = 1.0; << 292 G4double grej = 1.0;
306 G4double deltaKinEnergy, f; 293 G4double deltaKinEnergy, f;
307 294
308 CLHEP::HepRandomEngine* rndmEngineMod = G4Ra << 295 G4ThreeVector direction = dp->GetMomentumDirection();
309 G4double rndm[2]; <<
310 296
311 // sampling follows ... 297 // sampling follows ...
312 do { 298 do {
313 rndmEngineMod->flatArray(2, rndm); << 299 G4double q = G4UniformRand();
314 deltaKinEnergy = xmin*xmax/(xmin*(1.0 - rn << 300 deltaKinEnergy = xmin*xmax/(xmin*(1.0 - q) + xmax*q);
315 301
316 f = 1.0 - beta2*deltaKinEnergy/tmax; 302 f = 1.0 - beta2*deltaKinEnergy/tmax;
317 303
318 if(f > grej) { 304 if(f > grej) {
319 G4cout << "G4BraggModel::SampleSeconda 305 G4cout << "G4BraggModel::SampleSecondary Warning! "
320 << "Majorant " << grej << " < " 306 << "Majorant " << grej << " < "
321 << f << " for e= " << deltaKinE 307 << f << " for e= " << deltaKinEnergy
322 << G4endl; 308 << G4endl;
323 } 309 }
324 310
325 // Loop checking, 03-Aug-2015, Vladimir Iv << 311 } while( grej*G4UniformRand() >= f );
326 } while( grej*rndm[1] >= f ); <<
327 <<
328 G4ThreeVector deltaDirection; <<
329 <<
330 if(UseAngularGeneratorFlag()) { <<
331 const G4Material* mat = couple->GetMateri <<
332 G4int Z = SelectRandomAtomNumber(mat); <<
333 312
334 deltaDirection = << 313 G4double deltaMomentum =
335 GetAngularDistribution()->SampleDirectio << 314 sqrt(deltaKinEnergy * (deltaKinEnergy + 2.0*electron_mass_c2));
>> 315 G4double totMomentum = energy*sqrt(beta2);
>> 316 G4double cost = deltaKinEnergy * (energy + electron_mass_c2) /
>> 317 (deltaMomentum * totMomentum);
>> 318 if(cost > 1.0) cost = 1.0;
>> 319 G4double sint = sqrt((1.0 - cost)*(1.0 + cost));
336 320
337 } else { << 321 G4double phi = twopi * G4UniformRand() ;
338 <<
339 G4double deltaMomentum = <<
340 std::sqrt(deltaKinEnergy * (deltaKinEner <<
341 G4double cost = deltaKinEnergy * (energy + <<
342 (deltaMomentum * dp->GetTotalMomentum()) <<
343 if(cost > 1.0) { cost = 1.0; } <<
344 G4double sint = std::sqrt((1.0 - cost)*(1. <<
345 <<
346 G4double phi = twopi*rndmEngineMod->flat() <<
347 <<
348 deltaDirection.set(sint*std::cos(phi),sint <<
349 deltaDirection.rotateUz(dp->GetMomentumDir <<
350 } <<
351 322
352 // create G4DynamicParticle object for delta << 323 G4ThreeVector deltaDirection(sint*cos(phi),sint*sin(phi), cost) ;
353 auto delta = new G4DynamicParticle(theElectr << 324 deltaDirection.rotateUz(direction);
354 325
355 // Change kinematics of primary particle 326 // Change kinematics of primary particle
356 kineticEnergy -= deltaKinEnergy; << 327 kineticEnergy -= deltaKinEnergy;
357 G4ThreeVector finalP = dp->GetMomentum() - d << 328 G4ThreeVector finalP = direction*totMomentum - deltaDirection*deltaMomentum;
358 finalP = finalP.unit(); << 329 finalP = finalP.unit();
359 330
360 fParticleChange->SetProposedKineticEnergy(ki 331 fParticleChange->SetProposedKineticEnergy(kineticEnergy);
361 fParticleChange->SetProposedMomentumDirectio 332 fParticleChange->SetProposedMomentumDirection(finalP);
362 333
363 vdp->push_back(delta); << 334 // create G4DynamicParticle object for delta ray
364 } << 335 G4DynamicParticle* delta = new G4DynamicParticle(theElectron,deltaDirection,
365 << 336 deltaKinEnergy);
366 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo <<
367 337
368 G4double G4BraggModel::MaxSecondaryEnergy(cons << 338 vdp->push_back(delta);
369 G4do <<
370 { <<
371 if(pd != particle) { SetParticle(pd); } <<
372 G4double tau = kinEnergy/mass; <<
373 G4double tmax = 2.0*electron_mass_c2*tau*(ta <<
374 (1. + 2.0*(tau + 1.)*ratio + <<
375 return tmax; <<
376 } 339 }
377 340
378 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 341 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
379 342
380 void G4BraggModel::HasMaterial(const G4Materia << 343 G4bool G4BraggModel::HasMaterial(const G4Material* material)
381 { 344 {
382 const G4String& chFormula = mat->GetChemical << 345 const size_t numberOfMolecula = 11 ;
383 if(chFormula.empty()) { return; } << 346 SetMoleculaNumber(numberOfMolecula) ;
>> 347 G4String chFormula = material->GetChemicalFormula() ;
384 348
385 // ICRU Report N49, 1993. Power's model for << 349 // ICRU Report N49, 1993. Power's model for He.
386 static const G4int numberOfMolecula = 11; << 350 static G4String molName[numberOfMolecula] = {
387 static const G4String molName[numberOfMolecu <<
388 "Al_2O_3", "CO_2", 351 "Al_2O_3", "CO_2", "CH_4",
389 "(C_2H_4)_N-Polyethylene", "(C_2H_4)_N-Pol 352 "(C_2H_4)_N-Polyethylene", "(C_2H_4)_N-Polypropylene", "(C_8H_8)_N",
390 "C_3H_8", "SiO_2", 353 "C_3H_8", "SiO_2", "H_2O",
391 "H_2O-Gas", "Graphite" } ; 354 "H_2O-Gas", "Graphite" } ;
392 355
>> 356 // Special treatment for water in gas state
>> 357 const G4State theState = material->GetState() ;
>> 358
>> 359 if( theState == kStateGas && "H_2O" == chFormula) {
>> 360 chFormula = G4String("H_2O-Gas");
>> 361 }
>> 362
393 // Search for the material in the table 363 // Search for the material in the table
394 for (G4int i=0; i<numberOfMolecula; ++i) { << 364 for (size_t i=0; i<numberOfMolecula; i++) {
395 if (chFormula == molName[i]) { << 365 if (chFormula == molName[i]) {
396 iMolecula = i; << 366 SetMoleculaNumber(i) ;
397 return; << 367 return true ;
398 } << 368 }
399 } 369 }
400 return; << 370 return false ;
401 } 371 }
402 372
403 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 373 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
404 374
405 G4double G4BraggModel::StoppingPower(const G4M 375 G4double G4BraggModel::StoppingPower(const G4Material* material,
406 G4double << 376 G4double kineticEnergy)
407 { 377 {
408 G4double ionloss = 0.0 ; 378 G4double ionloss = 0.0 ;
409 379
410 if (iMolecula >= 0) { << 380 if (iMolecula < 11) {
411 381
412 // The data and the fit from: 382 // The data and the fit from:
413 // ICRU Report N49, 1993. Ziegler's model 383 // ICRU Report N49, 1993. Ziegler's model for protons.
414 // Proton kinetic energy for parametrisati 384 // Proton kinetic energy for parametrisation (keV/amu)
415 385
416 G4double T = kineticEnergy/(keV*protonMass 386 G4double T = kineticEnergy/(keV*protonMassAMU) ;
417 387
418 static const G4float a[11][5] = { << 388 static G4double a[11][5] = {
419 {1.187E+1f, 1.343E+1f, 1.069E+4f, 7.723E+2f << 389 {1.187E+1, 1.343E+1, 1.069E+4, 7.723E+2, 2.153E-2},
420 {7.802E+0f, 8.814E+0f, 8.303E+3f, 7.446E+2f << 390 {7.802E+0, 8.814E+0, 8.303E+3, 7.446E+2, 7.966E-3},
421 {7.294E+0f, 8.284E+0f, 5.010E+3f, 4.544E+2f << 391 {7.294E+0, 8.284E+0, 5.010E+3, 4.544E+2, 8.153E-3},
422 {8.646E+0f, 9.800E+0f, 7.066E+3f, 4.581E+2f << 392 {8.646E+0, 9.800E+0, 7.066E+3, 4.581E+2, 9.383E-3},
423 {1.286E+1f, 1.462E+1f, 5.625E+3f, 2.621E+3f << 393 {1.286E+1, 1.462E+1, 5.625E+3, 2.621E+3, 3.512E-2},
424 {3.229E+1f, 3.696E+1f, 8.918E+3f, 3.244E+3f << 394 {3.229E+1, 3.696E+1, 8.918E+3, 3.244E+3, 1.273E-1},
425 {1.604E+1f, 1.825E+1f, 6.967E+3f, 2.307E+3f << 395 {1.604E+1, 1.825E+1, 6.967E+3, 2.307E+3, 3.775E-2},
426 {8.049E+0f, 9.099E+0f, 9.257E+3f, 3.846E+2f << 396 {8.049E+0, 9.099E+0, 9.257E+3, 3.846E+2, 1.007E-2},
427 {4.015E+0f, 4.542E+0f, 3.955E+3f, 4.847E+2f << 397 {4.015E+0, 4.542E+0, 3.955E+3, 4.847E+2, 7.904E-3},
428 {4.571E+0f, 5.173E+0f, 4.346E+3f, 4.779E+2f << 398 {4.571E+0, 5.173E+0, 4.346E+3, 4.779E+2, 8.572E-3},
429 {2.631E+0f, 2.601E+0f, 1.701E+3f, 1.279E+3f << 399 {2.631E+0, 2.601E+0, 1.701E+3, 1.279E+3, 1.638E-2} };
430 << 400
431 static const G4float atomicWeight[11] = { << 401 static G4double atomicWeight[11] = {
432 101.96128f, 44.0098f, 16.0426f, 28.0536f, << 402 101.96128, 44.0098, 16.0426, 28.0536, 42.0804,
433 104.1512f, 44.665f, 60.0843f, 18.0152f, 18 << 403 104.1512, 44.665, 60.0843, 18.0152, 18.0152, 12.0};
434 404
435 if ( T < 10.0 ) { 405 if ( T < 10.0 ) {
436 ionloss = ((G4double)(a[iMolecula][0])) << 406 ionloss = a[iMolecula][0] * sqrt(T) ;
437 407
438 } else if ( T < 10000.0 ) { 408 } else if ( T < 10000.0 ) {
439 G4double x1 = (G4double)(a[iMolecula][1] << 409 G4double slow = a[iMolecula][1] * pow(T, 0.45) ;
440 G4double x2 = (G4double)(a[iMolecula][2] << 410 G4double shigh = log( 1.0 + a[iMolecula][3]/T
441 G4double x3 = (G4double)(a[iMolecula][3] << 411 + a[iMolecula][4]*T ) * a[iMolecula][2]/T ;
442 G4double x4 = (G4double)(a[iMolecula][4] <<
443 G4double slow = x1 * G4Exp(G4Log(T)* 0. <<
444 G4double shigh = G4Log( 1.0 + x3/T + x4 <<
445 ionloss = slow*shigh / (slow + shigh) ; 412 ionloss = slow*shigh / (slow + shigh) ;
446 } 413 }
447 414
448 ionloss = std::max(ionloss, 0.0); << 415 if ( ionloss < 0.0) ionloss = 0.0 ;
449 if ( 10 == iMolecula ) { 416 if ( 10 == iMolecula ) {
450 static const G4double invLog10 = 1.0/G4L <<
451 <<
452 if (T < 100.0) { 417 if (T < 100.0) {
453 ionloss *= (1.0+0.023+0.0066*G4Log(T)* << 418 ionloss *= (1.0+0.023+0.0066*log10(T));
454 } 419 }
455 else if (T < 700.0) { 420 else if (T < 700.0) {
456 ionloss *=(1.0+0.089-0.0248*G4Log(T-99 << 421 ionloss *=(1.0+0.089-0.0248*log10(T-99.));
457 } 422 }
458 else if (T < 10000.0) { 423 else if (T < 10000.0) {
459 ionloss *=(1.0+0.089-0.0248*G4Log(700. << 424 ionloss *=(1.0+0.089-0.0248*log10(700.-99.));
460 } 425 }
461 } 426 }
462 ionloss /= (G4double)atomicWeight[iMolecul << 427 ionloss /= atomicWeight[iMolecula];
463 428
464 // pure material (normally not the case for 429 // pure material (normally not the case for this function)
465 } else if(1 == (material->GetNumberOfElement 430 } else if(1 == (material->GetNumberOfElements())) {
466 G4double z = material->GetZ() ; 431 G4double z = material->GetZ() ;
467 ionloss = ElectronicStoppingPower( z, kine 432 ionloss = ElectronicStoppingPower( z, kineticEnergy ) ;
468 } 433 }
469 434
470 return ionloss; 435 return ionloss;
471 } 436 }
472 437
473 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 438 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
474 439
475 G4double G4BraggModel::ElectronicStoppingPower 440 G4double G4BraggModel::ElectronicStoppingPower(G4double z,
476 441 G4double kineticEnergy) const
477 { 442 {
478 G4double ionloss ; 443 G4double ionloss ;
479 G4int i = std::min(std::max(G4lrint(z)-1,0), << 444 G4int i = G4int(z)-1 ; // index of atom
480 << 445 if(i < 0) i = 0 ;
>> 446 if(i > 91) i = 91 ;
>> 447
481 // The data and the fit from: 448 // The data and the fit from:
482 // ICRU Report 49, 1993. Ziegler's type of p 449 // ICRU Report 49, 1993. Ziegler's type of parametrisations.
483 // Proton kinetic energy for parametrisation 450 // Proton kinetic energy for parametrisation (keV/amu)
484 451
485 G4double T = kineticEnergy/(keV*protonMassAM 452 G4double T = kineticEnergy/(keV*protonMassAMU) ;
486 453
487 static const G4float a[92][5] = { << 454 static G4double a[92][5] = {
488 {1.254E+0f, 1.440E+0f, 2.426E+2f, 1.200E+4f << 455 {1.254E+0, 1.440E+0, 2.426E+2, 1.200E+4, 1.159E-1},
489 {1.229E+0f, 1.397E+0f, 4.845E+2f, 5.873E+3f << 456 {1.229E+0, 1.397E+0, 4.845E+2, 5.873E+3, 5.225E-2},
490 {1.411E+0f, 1.600E+0f, 7.256E+2f, 3.013E+3f << 457 {1.411E+0, 1.600E+0, 7.256E+2, 3.013E+3, 4.578E-2},
491 {2.248E+0f, 2.590E+0f, 9.660E+2f, 1.538E+2f << 458 {2.248E+0, 2.590E+0, 9.660E+2, 1.538E+2, 3.475E-2},
492 {2.474E+0f, 2.815E+0f, 1.206E+3f, 1.060E+3f << 459 {2.474E+0, 2.815E+0, 1.206E+3, 1.060E+3, 2.855E-2},
493 {2.631E+0f, 2.601E+0f, 1.701E+3f, 1.279E+3f << 460 {2.631E+0, 2.601E+0, 1.701E+3, 1.279E+3, 1.638E-2},
494 {2.954E+0f, 3.350E+0f, 1.683E+3f, 1.900E+3f << 461 {2.954E+0, 3.350E+0, 1.683E+3, 1.900E+3, 2.513E-2},
495 {2.652E+0f, 3.000E+0f, 1.920E+3f, 2.000E+3f << 462 {2.652E+0, 3.000E+0, 1.920E+3, 2.000E+3, 2.230E-2},
496 {2.085E+0f, 2.352E+0f, 2.157E+3f, 2.634E+3f << 463 {2.085E+0, 2.352E+0, 2.157E+3, 2.634E+3, 1.816E-2},
497 {1.951E+0f, 2.199E+0f, 2.393E+3f, 2.699E+3f << 464 {1.951E+0, 2.199E+0, 2.393E+3, 2.699E+3, 1.568E-2},
498 // Z= 11-20 465 // Z= 11-20
499 {2.542E+0f, 2.869E+0f, 2.628E+3f, 1.854E+3f << 466 {2.542E+0, 2.869E+0, 2.628E+3, 1.854E+3, 1.472E-2},
500 {3.791E+0f, 4.293E+0f, 2.862E+3f, 1.009E+3f << 467 {3.791E+0, 4.293E+0, 2.862E+3, 1.009E+3, 1.397E-2},
501 {4.154E+0f, 4.739E+0f, 2.766E+3f, 1.645E+2f << 468 {4.154E+0, 4.739E+0, 2.766E+3, 1.645E+2, 2.023E-2},
502 {4.914E+0f, 5.598E+0f, 3.193E+3f, 2.327E+2f << 469 {4.914E+0, 5.598E+0, 3.193E+3, 2.327E+2, 1.419E-2},
503 {3.232E+0f, 3.647E+0f, 3.561E+3f, 1.560E+3f << 470 {3.232E+0, 3.647E+0, 3.561E+3, 1.560E+3, 1.267E-2},
504 {3.447E+0f, 3.891E+0f, 3.792E+3f, 1.219E+3f << 471 {3.447E+0, 3.891E+0, 3.792E+3, 1.219E+3, 1.211E-2},
505 {5.301E+0f, 6.008E+0f, 3.969E+3f, 6.451E+2f << 472 {5.301E+0, 6.008E+0, 3.969E+3, 6.451E+2, 1.183E-2},
506 {5.731E+0f, 6.500E+0f, 4.253E+3f, 5.300E+2f << 473 {5.731E+0, 6.500E+0, 4.253E+3, 5.300E+2, 1.123E-2},
507 {5.152E+0f, 5.833E+0f, 4.482E+3f, 5.457E+2f << 474 {5.152E+0, 5.833E+0, 4.482E+3, 5.457E+2, 1.129E-2},
508 {5.521E+0f, 6.252E+0f, 4.710E+3f, 5.533E+2f << 475 {5.521E+0, 6.252E+0, 4.710E+3, 5.533E+2, 1.112E-2},
509 // Z= 21-30 476 // Z= 21-30
510 {5.201E+0f, 5.884E+0f, 4.938E+3f, 5.609E+2f << 477 {5.201E+0, 5.884E+0, 4.938E+3, 5.609E+2, 9.995E-3},
511 {4.858E+0f, 5.489E+0f, 5.260E+3f, 6.511E+2f << 478 {4.858E+0, 5.489E+0, 5.260E+3, 6.511E+2, 8.930E-3},
512 {4.479E+0f, 5.055E+0f, 5.391E+3f, 9.523E+2f << 479 {4.479E+0, 5.055E+0, 5.391E+3, 9.523E+2, 9.117E-3},
513 {3.983E+0f, 4.489E+0f, 5.616E+3f, 1.336E+3f << 480 {3.983E+0, 4.489E+0, 5.616E+3, 1.336E+3, 8.413E-3},
514 {3.469E+0f, 3.907E+0f, 5.725E+3f, 1.461E+3f << 481 {3.469E+0, 3.907E+0, 5.725E+3, 1.461E+3, 8.829E-3},
515 {3.519E+0f, 3.963E+0f, 6.065E+3f, 1.243E+3f << 482 {3.519E+0, 3.963E+0, 6.065E+3, 1.243E+3, 7.782E-3},
516 {3.140E+0f, 3.535E+0f, 6.288E+3f, 1.372E+3f << 483 {3.140E+0, 3.535E+0, 6.288E+3, 1.372E+3, 7.361E-3},
517 {3.553E+0f, 4.004E+0f, 6.205E+3f, 5.551E+2f << 484 {3.553E+0, 4.004E+0, 6.205E+3, 5.551E+2, 8.763E-3},
518 {3.696E+0f, 4.194E+0f, 4.649E+3f, 8.113E+1f << 485 {3.696E+0, 4.194E+0, 4.649E+3, 8.113E+1, 2.242E-2},
519 {4.210E+0f, 4.750E+0f, 6.953E+3f, 2.952E+2f << 486 {4.210E+0, 4.750E+0, 6.953E+3, 2.952E+2, 6.809E-3},
520 // Z= 31-40 487 // Z= 31-40
521 {5.041E+0f, 5.697E+0f, 7.173E+3f, 2.026E+2f << 488 {5.041E+0, 5.697E+0, 7.173E+3, 2.026E+2, 6.725E-3},
522 {5.554E+0f, 6.300E+0f, 6.496E+3f, 1.100E+2f << 489 {5.554E+0, 6.300E+0, 6.496E+3, 1.100E+2, 9.689E-3},
523 {5.323E+0f, 6.012E+0f, 7.611E+3f, 2.925E+2f << 490 {5.323E+0, 6.012E+0, 7.611E+3, 2.925E+2, 6.447E-3},
524 {5.874E+0f, 6.656E+0f, 7.395E+3f, 1.175E+2f << 491 {5.874E+0, 6.656E+0, 7.395E+3, 1.175E+2, 7.684E-3},
525 {6.658E+0f, 7.536E+0f, 7.694E+3f, 2.223E+2f << 492 {6.658E+0, 7.536E+0, 7.694E+3, 2.223E+2, 6.509E-3},
526 {6.413E+0f, 7.240E+0f, 1.185E+4f, 1.537E+2f << 493 {6.413E+0, 7.240E+0, 1.185E+4, 1.537E+2, 2.880E-3},
527 {5.694E+0f, 6.429E+0f, 8.478E+3f, 2.929E+2f << 494 {5.694E+0, 6.429E+0, 8.478E+3, 2.929E+2, 6.087E-3},
528 {6.339E+0f, 7.159E+0f, 8.693E+3f, 3.303E+2f << 495 {6.339E+0, 7.159E+0, 8.693E+3, 3.303E+2, 6.003E-3},
529 {6.407E+0f, 7.234E+0f, 8.907E+3f, 3.678E+2f << 496 {6.407E+0, 7.234E+0, 8.907E+3, 3.678E+2, 5.889E-3},
530 {6.734E+0f, 7.603E+0f, 9.120E+3f, 4.052E+2f << 497 {6.734E+0, 7.603E+0, 9.120E+3, 4.052E+2, 5.765E-3},
531 // Z= 41-50 498 // Z= 41-50
532 {6.901E+0f, 7.791E+0f, 9.333E+3f, 4.427E+2f << 499 {6.901E+0, 7.791E+0, 9.333E+3, 4.427E+2, 5.587E-3},
533 {6.424E+0f, 7.248E+0f, 9.545E+3f, 4.802E+2f << 500 {6.424E+0, 7.248E+0, 9.545E+3, 4.802E+2, 5.376E-3},
534 {6.799E+0f, 7.671E+0f, 9.756E+3f, 5.176E+2f << 501 {6.799E+0, 7.671E+0, 9.756E+3, 5.176E+2, 5.315E-3},
535 {6.109E+0f, 6.887E+0f, 9.966E+3f, 5.551E+2f << 502 {6.109E+0, 6.887E+0, 9.966E+3, 5.551E+2, 5.151E-3},
536 {5.924E+0f, 6.677E+0f, 1.018E+4f, 5.925E+2f << 503 {5.924E+0, 6.677E+0, 1.018E+4, 5.925E+2, 4.919E-3},
537 {5.238E+0f, 5.900E+0f, 1.038E+4f, 6.300E+2f << 504 {5.238E+0, 5.900E+0, 1.038E+4, 6.300E+2, 4.758E-3},
538 // {5.623f, 6.354f, 7160.0f, 337.6f << 505 // {5.623, 6.354, 7160.0, 337.6, 0.013940}, // Ag Ziegler77
539 {5.345E+0f, 6.038E+0f, 6.790E+3f, 3.978E+2f << 506 {5.345E+0, 6.038E+0, 6.790E+3, 3.978E+2, 1.676E-2}, // Ag ICRU49
540 {5.814E+0f, 6.554E+0f, 1.080E+4f, 3.555E+2f << 507 {5.814E+0, 6.554E+0, 1.080E+4, 3.555E+2, 4.626E-3},
541 {6.229E+0f, 7.024E+0f, 1.101E+4f, 3.709E+2f << 508 {6.229E+0, 7.024E+0, 1.101E+4, 3.709E+2, 4.540E-3},
542 {6.409E+0f, 7.227E+0f, 1.121E+4f, 3.864E+2f << 509 {6.409E+0, 7.227E+0, 1.121E+4, 3.864E+2, 4.474E-3},
543 // Z= 51-60 510 // Z= 51-60
544 {7.500E+0f, 8.480E+0f, 8.608E+3f, 3.480E+2f << 511 {7.500E+0, 8.480E+0, 8.608E+3, 3.480E+2, 9.074E-3},
545 {6.979E+0f, 7.871E+0f, 1.162E+4f, 3.924E+2f << 512 {6.979E+0, 7.871E+0, 1.162E+4, 3.924E+2, 4.402E-3},
546 {7.725E+0f, 8.716E+0f, 1.183E+4f, 3.948E+2f << 513 {7.725E+0, 8.716E+0, 1.183E+4, 3.948E+2, 4.376E-3},
547 {8.337E+0f, 9.425E+0f, 1.051E+4f, 2.696E+2f << 514 {8.337E+0, 9.425E+0, 1.051E+4, 2.696E+2, 6.206E-3},
548 {7.287E+0f, 8.218E+0f, 1.223E+4f, 3.997E+2f << 515 {7.287E+0, 8.218E+0, 1.223E+4, 3.997E+2, 4.447E-3},
549 {7.899E+0f, 8.911E+0f, 1.243E+4f, 4.021E+2f << 516 {7.899E+0, 8.911E+0, 1.243E+4, 4.021E+2, 4.511E-3},
550 {8.041E+0f, 9.071E+0f, 1.263E+4f, 4.045E+2f << 517 {8.041E+0, 9.071E+0, 1.263E+4, 4.045E+2, 4.540E-3},
551 {7.488E+0f, 8.444E+0f, 1.283E+4f, 4.069E+2f << 518 {7.488E+0, 8.444E+0, 1.283E+4, 4.069E+2, 4.420E-3},
552 {7.291E+0f, 8.219E+0f, 1.303E+4f, 4.093E+2f << 519 {7.291E+0, 8.219E+0, 1.303E+4, 4.093E+2, 4.298E-3},
553 {7.098E+0f, 8.000E+0f, 1.323E+4f, 4.118E+2f << 520 {7.098E+0, 8.000E+0, 1.323E+4, 4.118E+2, 4.182E-3},
554 // Z= 61-70 521 // Z= 61-70
555 {6.909E+0f, 7.786E+0f, 1.343E+4f, 4.142E+2f << 522 {6.909E+0, 7.786E+0, 1.343E+4, 4.142E+2, 4.058E-3},
556 {6.728E+0f, 7.580E+0f, 1.362E+4f, 4.166E+2f << 523 {6.728E+0, 7.580E+0, 1.362E+4, 4.166E+2, 3.976E-3},
557 {6.551E+0f, 7.380E+0f, 1.382E+4f, 4.190E+2f << 524 {6.551E+0, 7.380E+0, 1.382E+4, 4.190E+2, 3.877E-3},
558 {6.739E+0f, 7.592E+0f, 1.402E+4f, 4.214E+2f << 525 {6.739E+0, 7.592E+0, 1.402E+4, 4.214E+2, 3.863E-3},
559 {6.212E+0f, 6.996E+0f, 1.421E+4f, 4.239E+2f << 526 {6.212E+0, 6.996E+0, 1.421E+4, 4.239E+2, 3.725E-3},
560 {5.517E+0f, 6.210E+0f, 1.440E+4f, 4.263E+2f << 527 {5.517E+0, 6.210E+0, 1.440E+4, 4.263E+2, 3.632E-3},
561 {5.220E+0f, 5.874E+0f, 1.460E+4f, 4.287E+2f << 528 {5.220E+0, 5.874E+0, 1.460E+4, 4.287E+2, 3.498E-3},
562 {5.071E+0f, 5.706E+0f, 1.479E+4f, 4.330E+2f << 529 {5.071E+0, 5.706E+0, 1.479E+4, 4.330E+2, 3.405E-3},
563 {4.926E+0f, 5.542E+0f, 1.498E+4f, 4.335E+2f << 530 {4.926E+0, 5.542E+0, 1.498E+4, 4.335E+2, 3.342E-3},
564 {4.788E+0f, 5.386E+0f, 1.517E+4f, 4.359E+2f << 531 {4.788E+0, 5.386E+0, 1.517E+4, 4.359E+2, 3.292E-3},
565 // Z= 71-80 532 // Z= 71-80
566 {4.893E+0f, 5.505E+0f, 1.536E+4f, 4.384E+2f << 533 {4.893E+0, 5.505E+0, 1.536E+4, 4.384E+2, 3.243E-3},
567 {5.028E+0f, 5.657E+0f, 1.555E+4f, 4.408E+2f << 534 {5.028E+0, 5.657E+0, 1.555E+4, 4.408E+2, 3.195E-3},
568 {4.738E+0f, 5.329E+0f, 1.574E+4f, 4.432E+2f << 535 {4.738E+0, 5.329E+0, 1.574E+4, 4.432E+2, 3.186E-3},
569 {4.587E+0f, 5.160E+0f, 1.541E+4f, 4.153E+2f << 536 {4.587E+0, 5.160E+0, 1.541E+4, 4.153E+2, 3.406E-3},
570 {5.201E+0f, 5.851E+0f, 1.612E+4f, 4.416E+2f << 537 {5.201E+0, 5.851E+0, 1.612E+4, 4.416E+2, 3.122E-3},
571 {5.071E+0f, 5.704E+0f, 1.630E+4f, 4.409E+2f << 538 {5.071E+0, 5.704E+0, 1.630E+4, 4.409E+2, 3.082E-3},
572 {4.946E+0f, 5.563E+0f, 1.649E+4f, 4.401E+2f << 539 {4.946E+0, 5.563E+0, 1.649E+4, 4.401E+2, 2.965E-3},
573 {4.477E+0f, 5.034E+0f, 1.667E+4f, 4.393E+2f << 540 {4.477E+0, 5.034E+0, 1.667E+4, 4.393E+2, 2.871E-3},
574 // {4.856f, 5.460f, 18320.0f, 438.5 << 541 // {4.856, 5.460, 18320.0, 438.5, 0.002542}, //Ziegler77
575 {4.844E+0f, 5.458E+0f, 7.852E+3f, 9.758E+2f << 542 {4.844E+0, 5.458E+0, 7.852E+3, 9.758E+2, 2.077E-2}, //ICRU49
576 {4.307E+0f, 4.843E+0f, 1.704E+4f, 4.878E+2f << 543 {4.307E+0, 4.843E+0, 1.704E+4, 4.878E+2, 2.882E-3},
577 // Z= 81-90 544 // Z= 81-90
578 {4.723E+0f, 5.311E+0f, 1.722E+4f, 5.370E+2f << 545 {4.723E+0, 5.311E+0, 1.722E+4, 5.370E+2, 2.913E-3},
579 {5.319E+0f, 5.982E+0f, 1.740E+4f, 5.863E+2f << 546 {5.319E+0, 5.982E+0, 1.740E+4, 5.863E+2, 2.871E-3},
580 {5.956E+0f, 6.700E+0f, 1.780E+4f, 6.770E+2f << 547 {5.956E+0, 6.700E+0, 1.780E+4, 6.770E+2, 2.660E-3},
581 {6.158E+0f, 6.928E+0f, 1.777E+4f, 5.863E+2f << 548 {6.158E+0, 6.928E+0, 1.777E+4, 5.863E+2, 2.812E-3},
582 {6.203E+0f, 6.979E+0f, 1.795E+4f, 5.863E+2f << 549 {6.203E+0, 6.979E+0, 1.795E+4, 5.863E+2, 2.776E-3},
583 {6.181E+0f, 6.954E+0f, 1.812E+4f, 5.863E+2f << 550 {6.181E+0, 6.954E+0, 1.812E+4, 5.863E+2, 2.748E-3},
584 {6.949E+0f, 7.820E+0f, 1.830E+4f, 5.863E+2f << 551 {6.949E+0, 7.820E+0, 1.830E+4, 5.863E+2, 2.737E-3},
585 {7.506E+0f, 8.448E+0f, 1.848E+4f, 5.863E+2f << 552 {7.506E+0, 8.448E+0, 1.848E+4, 5.863E+2, 2.727E-3},
586 {7.648E+0f, 8.609E+0f, 1.866E+4f, 5.863E+2f << 553 {7.648E+0, 8.609E+0, 1.866E+4, 5.863E+2, 2.697E-3},
587 {7.711E+0f, 8.679E+0f, 1.883E+4f, 5.863E+2f << 554 {7.711E+0, 8.679E+0, 1.883E+4, 5.863E+2, 2.641E-3},
588 // Z= 91-92 555 // Z= 91-92
589 {7.407E+0f, 8.336E+0f, 1.901E+4f, 5.863E+2f << 556 {7.407E+0, 8.336E+0, 1.901E+4, 5.863E+2, 2.603E-3},
590 {7.290E+0f, 8.204E+0f, 1.918E+4f, 5.863E+2f << 557 {7.290E+0, 8.204E+0, 1.918E+4, 5.863E+2, 2.673E-3}
591 }; 558 };
592 559
593 G4double fac = 1.0 ; 560 G4double fac = 1.0 ;
594 561
595 // Carbon specific case for E < 40 keV 562 // Carbon specific case for E < 40 keV
596 if ( T < 40.0 && 5 == i) { 563 if ( T < 40.0 && 5 == i) {
597 fac = std::sqrt(T*0.025); << 564 fac = sqrt(T/40.0) ;
598 T = 40.0; << 565 T = 40.0 ;
599 566
600 // Free electron gas model 567 // Free electron gas model
601 } else if ( T < 10.0 ) { 568 } else if ( T < 10.0 ) {
602 fac = std::sqrt(T*0.1) ; << 569 fac = sqrt(T*0.1) ;
603 T = 10.0; << 570 T =10.0 ;
604 } 571 }
605 572
606 // Main parametrisation 573 // Main parametrisation
607 G4double x1 = (G4double)(a[i][1]); << 574 G4double slow = a[i][1] * pow(T, 0.45) ;
608 G4double x2 = (G4double)(a[i][2]); << 575 G4double shigh = log( 1.0 + a[i][3]/T + a[i][4]*T ) * a[i][2]/T ;
609 G4double x3 = (G4double)(a[i][3]); << 576 ionloss = slow*shigh*fac / (slow + shigh) ;
610 G4double x4 = (G4double)(a[i][4]); <<
611 G4double slow = x1 * G4Exp(G4Log(T) * 0.45) <<
612 G4double shigh = G4Log( 1.0 + x3/T + x4*T ) <<
613 ionloss = slow*shigh*fac / (slow + shigh); <<
614 577
615 ionloss = std::max(ionloss, 0.0); << 578 if ( ionloss < 0.0) ionloss = 0.0 ;
616 579
617 return ionloss; 580 return ionloss;
618 } 581 }
619 582
620 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 583 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
621 584
622 G4double G4BraggModel::DEDX(const G4Material* << 585 G4double G4BraggModel::DEDX(const G4Material* material,
>> 586 G4double kineticEnergy)
623 { 587 {
624 G4double eloss = 0.0; 588 G4double eloss = 0.0;
625 << 589 const G4int numberOfElements = material->GetNumberOfElements();
626 // check DB <<
627 if(material != currentMaterial) { <<
628 currentMaterial = material; <<
629 baseMaterial = material->GetBaseMaterial() <<
630 ? material->GetBaseMaterial() : material <<
631 iPSTAR = -1; <<
632 iMolecula = -1; <<
633 iICRU90 = fICRU90 ? fICRU90->GetIndex(base <<
634 <<
635 if(iICRU90 < 0) { <<
636 iPSTAR = fPSTAR->GetIndex(baseMaterial); <<
637 if(iPSTAR < 0) { HasMaterial(baseMateria <<
638 } <<
639 //G4cout << "%%% " <<material->GetName() < <<
640 // << iMolecula << " iPSTAR= " << i <<
641 // << " iICRU90= " << iICRU90<< G4e <<
642 } <<
643 <<
644 // ICRU90 parameterisation <<
645 if(iICRU90 >= 0) { <<
646 return fICRU90->GetElectronicDEDXforProton <<
647 *material->GetDensity(); <<
648 } <<
649 // PSTAR parameterisation <<
650 if( iPSTAR >= 0 ) { <<
651 return fPSTAR->GetElectronicDEDX(iPSTAR, k <<
652 *material->GetDensity(); <<
653 <<
654 } <<
655 const std::size_t numberOfElements = materia <<
656 const G4double* theAtomicNumDensityVector = 590 const G4double* theAtomicNumDensityVector =
657 material->Get 591 material->GetAtomicNumDensityVector();
658 592
>> 593 // compaund material with parametrisation
>> 594 G4int iNist = pstar.GetIndex(material);
>> 595
>> 596 if( iNist >= 0 ) {
>> 597 return pstar.GetElectronicDEDX(iNist, kineticEnergy)*material->GetDensity();
659 598
660 if(iMolecula >= 0) { << 599 } else if( HasMaterial(material) ) {
661 eloss = StoppingPower(baseMaterial, kineti << 600
>> 601 eloss = StoppingPower(material, kineticEnergy)*
662 material->GetDensity 602 material->GetDensity()/amu;
663 603
664 // Pure material ICRU49 paralmeterisation << 604 // pure material
665 } else if(1 == numberOfElements) { 605 } else if(1 == numberOfElements) {
666 606
667 G4double z = material->GetZ(); 607 G4double z = material->GetZ();
668 eloss = ElectronicStoppingPower(z, kinetic 608 eloss = ElectronicStoppingPower(z, kineticEnergy)
669 * (material->Ge 609 * (material->GetTotNbOfAtomsPerVolume());
670 610
671 611
672 // Experimental data exist only for kinetic 612 // Experimental data exist only for kinetic energy 125 keV
673 } else if( MolecIsInZiegler1988(material) ) 613 } else if( MolecIsInZiegler1988(material) ) {
674 614
675 // Loop over elements - calculation based << 615 // Cycle over elements - calculation based on Bragg's rule
676 G4double eloss125 = 0.0 ; 616 G4double eloss125 = 0.0 ;
677 const G4ElementVector* theElementVector = 617 const G4ElementVector* theElementVector =
678 material->GetElemen 618 material->GetElementVector();
679 619
680 // Loop for the elements in the material << 620 // loop for the elements in the material
681 for (std::size_t i=0; i<numberOfElements; << 621 for (G4int i=0; i<numberOfElements; i++) {
682 const G4Element* element = (*theElementV 622 const G4Element* element = (*theElementVector)[i] ;
683 G4double z = element->GetZ() ; 623 G4double z = element->GetZ() ;
684 eloss += ElectronicStoppingPower(z,ki 624 eloss += ElectronicStoppingPower(z,kineticEnergy)
685 * theAtomi 625 * theAtomicNumDensityVector[i] ;
686 eloss125 += ElectronicStoppingPower(z,12 626 eloss125 += ElectronicStoppingPower(z,125.0*keV)
687 * theAtomi 627 * theAtomicNumDensityVector[i] ;
688 } 628 }
689 629
690 // Chemical factor is taken into account 630 // Chemical factor is taken into account
691 if (eloss125 > 0.0) { << 631 eloss *= ChemicalFactor(kineticEnergy, eloss125) ;
692 eloss *= ChemicalFactor(kineticEnergy, e <<
693 } <<
694 632
695 // Brugg's rule calculation 633 // Brugg's rule calculation
696 } else { 634 } else {
697 const G4ElementVector* theElementVector = 635 const G4ElementVector* theElementVector =
698 material->GetElemen 636 material->GetElementVector() ;
699 637
700 // loop for the elements in the material 638 // loop for the elements in the material
701 for (std::size_t i=0; i<numberOfElements; << 639 for (G4int i=0; i<numberOfElements; i++)
702 { 640 {
703 const G4Element* element = (*theElementV 641 const G4Element* element = (*theElementVector)[i] ;
704 eloss += ElectronicStoppingPower(eleme 642 eloss += ElectronicStoppingPower(element->GetZ(), kineticEnergy)
705 * theAtomic 643 * theAtomicNumDensityVector[i];
706 } 644 }
707 } 645 }
708 return eloss*theZieglerFactor; 646 return eloss*theZieglerFactor;
709 } 647 }
710 648
711 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 649 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
712 650
713 G4bool G4BraggModel::MolecIsInZiegler1988(cons 651 G4bool G4BraggModel::MolecIsInZiegler1988(const G4Material* material)
714 { 652 {
715 // The list of molecules from 653 // The list of molecules from
716 // J.F.Ziegler and J.M.Manoyan, The stopping 654 // J.F.Ziegler and J.M.Manoyan, The stopping of ions in compaunds,
717 // Nucl. Inst. & Meth. in Phys. Res. B35 (19 655 // Nucl. Inst. & Meth. in Phys. Res. B35 (1988) 215-228.
718 656
719 G4String myFormula = G4String(" ") ; 657 G4String myFormula = G4String(" ") ;
720 const G4String chFormula = material->GetChem 658 const G4String chFormula = material->GetChemicalFormula() ;
721 if (myFormula == chFormula ) { return false; << 659 if (myFormula == chFormula ) return false ;
722 660
723 // There are no evidence for difference of 661 // There are no evidence for difference of stopping power depended on
724 // phase of the compound except for water. 662 // phase of the compound except for water. The stopping power of the
725 // water in gas phase can be predicted usin 663 // water in gas phase can be predicted using Bragg's rule.
726 // 664 //
727 // No chemical factor for water-gas 665 // No chemical factor for water-gas
728 666
729 myFormula = G4String("H_2O") ; 667 myFormula = G4String("H_2O") ;
730 const G4State theState = material->GetState( 668 const G4State theState = material->GetState() ;
731 if( theState == kStateGas && myFormula == ch 669 if( theState == kStateGas && myFormula == chFormula) return false ;
732 670
>> 671 const size_t numberOfMolecula = 53 ;
733 672
734 // The coffecient from Table.4 of Ziegler & 673 // The coffecient from Table.4 of Ziegler & Manoyan
735 static const G4float HeEff = 2.8735f; << 674 const G4double HeEff = 2.8735 ;
736 675
737 static const std::size_t numberOfMolecula = << 676 static G4String nameOfMol[numberOfMolecula] = {
738 static const G4String nameOfMol[numberOfMole <<
739 "H_2O", "C_2H_4O", "C_3H_6O", "C_ 677 "H_2O", "C_2H_4O", "C_3H_6O", "C_2H_2", "C_H_3OH",
740 "C_2H_5OH", "C_3H_7OH", "C_3H_4", "NH 678 "C_2H_5OH", "C_3H_7OH", "C_3H_4", "NH_3", "C_14H_10",
741 "C_6H_6", "C_4H_10", "C_4H_6", "C_ 679 "C_6H_6", "C_4H_10", "C_4H_6", "C_4H_8O", "CCl_4",
742 "CF_4", "C_6H_8", "C_6H_12", "C_ 680 "CF_4", "C_6H_8", "C_6H_12", "C_6H_10O", "C_6H_10",
743 "C_8H_16", "C_5H_10", "C_5H_8", "C_ 681 "C_8H_16", "C_5H_10", "C_5H_8", "C_3H_6-Cyclopropane","C_2H_4F_2",
744 "C_2H_2F_2", "C_4H_8O_2", "C_2H_6", "C_ 682 "C_2H_2F_2", "C_4H_8O_2", "C_2H_6", "C_2F_6", "C_2H_6O",
745 "C_3H_6O", "C_4H_10O", "C_2H_4", "C_ 683 "C_3H_6O", "C_4H_10O", "C_2H_4", "C_2H_4O", "C_2H_4S",
746 "SH_2", "CH_4", "CCLF_3", "CC 684 "SH_2", "CH_4", "CCLF_3", "CCl_2F_2", "CHCl_2F",
747 "(CH_3)_2S", "N_2O", "C_5H_10O", "C_ 685 "(CH_3)_2S", "N_2O", "C_5H_10O", "C_8H_6", "(CH_2)_N",
748 "(C_3H_6)_N","(C_8H_8)_N", "C_3H_8", "C_ 686 "(C_3H_6)_N","(C_8H_8)_N", "C_3H_8", "C_3H_6-Propylene", "C_3H_6O",
749 "C_3H_6S", "C_4H_4S", "C_7H_8" 687 "C_3H_6S", "C_4H_4S", "C_7H_8"
750 }; << 688 } ;
751 689
752 static const G4float expStopping[numberOfMol << 690 static G4double expStopping[numberOfMolecula] = {
753 66.1f, 190.4f, 258.7f, 42.2f, 141.5f, << 691 66.1, 190.4, 258.7, 42.2, 141.5,
754 210.9f, 279.6f, 198.8f, 31.0f, 267.5f, << 692 210.9, 279.6, 198.8, 31.0, 267.5,
755 122.8f, 311.4f, 260.3f, 328.9f, 391.3f, << 693 122.8, 311.4, 260.3, 328.9, 391.3,
756 206.6f, 374.0f, 422.0f, 432.0f, 398.0f, << 694 206.6, 374.0, 422.0, 432.0, 398.0,
757 554.0f, 353.0f, 326.0f, 74.6f, 220.5f, << 695 554.0, 353.0, 326.0, 74.6, 220.5,
758 197.4f, 362.0f, 170.0f, 330.5f, 211.3f, << 696 197.4, 362.0, 170.0, 330.5, 211.3,
759 262.3f, 349.6f, 51.3f, 187.0f, 236.9f, << 697 262.3, 349.6, 51.3, 187.0, 236.9,
760 121.9f, 35.8f, 247.0f, 292.6f, 268.0f, << 698 121.9, 35.8, 247.0, 292.6, 268.0,
761 262.3f, 49.0f, 398.9f, 444.0f, 22.91f, << 699 262.3, 49.0, 398.9, 444.0, 22.91,
762 68.0f, 155.0f, 84.0f, 74.2f, 254.7f, << 700 68.0, 155.0, 84.0, 74.2, 254.7,
763 306.8f, 324.4f, 420.0f << 701 306.8, 324.4, 420.0
764 } ; 702 } ;
765 703
766 static const G4float expCharge[numberOfMolec << 704 static G4double expCharge[numberOfMolecula] = {
767 HeEff, HeEff, HeEff, 1.0f, HeEff, << 705 HeEff, HeEff, HeEff, 1.0, HeEff,
768 HeEff, HeEff, HeEff, 1.0f, 1.0f, << 706 HeEff, HeEff, HeEff, 1.0, 1.0,
769 1.0f, HeEff, HeEff, HeEff, HeEff, << 707 1.0, HeEff, HeEff, HeEff, HeEff,
770 HeEff, HeEff, HeEff, HeEff, HeEff, 708 HeEff, HeEff, HeEff, HeEff, HeEff,
771 HeEff, HeEff, HeEff, 1.0f, HeEff, << 709 HeEff, HeEff, HeEff, 1.0, HeEff,
772 HeEff, HeEff, HeEff, HeEff, HeEff, 710 HeEff, HeEff, HeEff, HeEff, HeEff,
773 HeEff, HeEff, 1.0f, HeEff, HeEff, << 711 HeEff, HeEff, 1.0, HeEff, HeEff,
774 HeEff, 1.0f, HeEff, HeEff, HeEff, << 712 HeEff, 1.0, HeEff, HeEff, HeEff,
775 HeEff, 1.0f, HeEff, HeEff, 1.0f, << 713 HeEff, 1.0, HeEff, HeEff, 1.0,
776 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, HeEff, << 714 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, HeEff,
777 HeEff, HeEff, HeEff 715 HeEff, HeEff, HeEff
778 } ; 716 } ;
779 717
780 static const G4int numberOfAtomsPerMolecula[ << 718 static G4double numberOfAtomsPerMolecula[numberOfMolecula] = {
781 3, 7, 10, 4, 6, << 719 3.0, 7.0, 10.0, 4.0, 6.0,
782 9, 12, 7, 4, 24, << 720 9.0, 12.0, 7.0, 4.0, 24.0,
783 12,14, 10, 13, 5, << 721 12.0, 14.0, 10.0, 13.0, 5.0,
784 5, 14, 18, 17, 17, << 722 5.0, 14.0, 18.0, 17.0, 17.0,
785 24,15, 13, 9, 8, << 723 24.0, 15.0, 13.0, 9.0, 8.0,
786 6, 14, 8, 8, 9, << 724 6.0, 14.0, 8.0, 8.0, 9.0,
787 10,15, 6, 7, 7, << 725 10.0, 15.0, 6.0, 7.0, 7.0,
788 3, 5, 5, 5, 5, << 726 3.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0, 5.0,
789 9, 3, 16, 14, 3, << 727 9.0, 3.0, 16.0, 14.0, 3.0,
790 9, 16, 11, 9, 10, << 728 9.0, 16.0, 11.0, 9.0, 10.0,
791 10, 9, 15}; << 729 10.0, 9.0, 15.0
>> 730 } ;
792 731
793 // Search for the compaund in the table 732 // Search for the compaund in the table
794 for (std::size_t i=0; i<numberOfMolecula; ++ << 733 for (size_t i=0; i<numberOfMolecula; i++)
795 if(chFormula == nameOfMol[i]) { << 734 {
796 expStopPower125 = ((G4double)expStopping << 735 if(chFormula == nameOfMol[i]) {
797 * (material->GetTotNbOfAtomsPerVolume( << 736 G4double exp125 = expStopping[i] *
798 ((G4double)(expCharge[i] * numberOfAto << 737 (material->GetTotNbOfAtomsPerVolume()) /
799 return true; << 738 (expCharge[i] * numberOfAtomsPerMolecula[i]) ;
>> 739 SetExpStopPower125(exp125);
>> 740 return true;
>> 741 }
800 } 742 }
801 } << 743
802 return false; 744 return false;
803 } 745 }
804 746
805 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 747 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
806 748
807 G4double G4BraggModel::ChemicalFactor(G4double 749 G4double G4BraggModel::ChemicalFactor(G4double kineticEnergy,
808 G4double 750 G4double eloss125) const
809 { 751 {
810 // Approximation of Chemical Factor accordin 752 // Approximation of Chemical Factor according to
811 // J.F.Ziegler and J.M.Manoyan, The stopping 753 // J.F.Ziegler and J.M.Manoyan, The stopping of ions in compaunds,
812 // Nucl. Inst. & Meth. in Phys. Res. B35 (19 754 // Nucl. Inst. & Meth. in Phys. Res. B35 (1988) 215-228.
813 <<
814 static const G4double gamma25 = 1.0 + 25.0* <<
815 static const G4double gamma125 = 1.0 + 125.0 <<
816 static const G4double beta25 = std::sqrt(1 <<
817 static const G4double beta125 = std::sqrt(1 <<
818 static const G4double f12525 = 1.0 + G4Exp <<
819 <<
820 G4double gamma = 1.0 + kineticEnergy/proton_ <<
821 G4double beta = std::sqrt(1.0 - 1.0/(gamma* <<
822 755
823 G4double factor = 1.0 + (expStopPower125/elo << 756 G4double gamma = 1.0 + kineticEnergy/proton_mass_c2 ;
824 (1.0 + G4Exp( 1.48 * ( beta/beta25 - 7. << 757 G4double gamma25 = 1.0 + 25.0*keV /proton_mass_c2 ;
>> 758 G4double gamma125 = 1.0 + 125.0*keV/proton_mass_c2 ;
>> 759 G4double beta = sqrt(1.0 - 1.0/(gamma*gamma)) ;
>> 760 G4double beta25 = sqrt(1.0 - 1.0/(gamma25*gamma25)) ;
>> 761 G4double beta125 = sqrt(1.0 - 1.0/(gamma125*gamma125)) ;
>> 762
>> 763 G4double factor = 1.0 + (expStopPower125/eloss125 - 1.0) *
>> 764 (1.0 + exp( 1.48 * ( beta125/beta25 - 7.0 ) ) ) /
>> 765 (1.0 + exp( 1.48 * ( beta/beta25 - 7.0 ) ) ) ;
825 766
826 return factor ; 767 return factor ;
827 } 768 }
828 769
829 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oo 770 //....oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo........oooOO0OOooo......
830 771
831 772