| Geant4 Cross Reference |
>> 1 $Id: README 69174 2013-04-21 20:38:15Z maire $
1 2
2 ========================================= 3 =========================================================
3 Geant4 - an Object-Oriented Toolkit for S 4 Geant4 - an Object-Oriented Toolkit for Simulation in HEP
4 ========================================= 5 =========================================================
5 6
6 Hadr06 7 Hadr06
7 ------ 8 ------
8 9
9 Survey energy deposition and particle's flu 10 Survey energy deposition and particle's flux from an hadronic cascade.
10 Use PhysicsConstructor objects rather than 11 Use PhysicsConstructor objects rather than predefined G4 PhysicsLists.
11 12
12 13
13 1- MATERIALS AND GEOMETRY DEFINITION 14 1- MATERIALS AND GEOMETRY DEFINITION
14 15
15 The geometry is a single sphere (absorber) 16 The geometry is a single sphere (absorber) of an homogenous material.
16 17
17 Two parameters define the geometry : 18 Two parameters define the geometry :
18 - the radius of the sphere 19 - the radius of the sphere
19 - the material of the sphere 20 - the material of the sphere
20 21
21 The default geometry (R=30 cm of water) is 22 The default geometry (R=30 cm of water) is built in
22 DetectorConstruction, but the above paramet 23 DetectorConstruction, but the above parameters can be changed interactively
23 via commands defined in DetectorMessenger. 24 via commands defined in DetectorMessenger.
24 25
25 The absorber is surrounded by a World volum 26 The absorber is surrounded by a World volume (vacuum)
26 27
27 A function, and its associated UI command, 28 A function, and its associated UI command, allows to build a material
28 directly from a single isotope. 29 directly from a single isotope.
29 30
30 To be identified by the ThermalScattering m 31 To be identified by the ThermalScattering module, the elements composing a
31 material must have a specific name (see G4P 32 material must have a specific name (see G4ParticleHPThermalScatteringNames.cc)
32 Examples of such materials are build in Det 33 Examples of such materials are build in DetectorConstruction.
33 34
34 2- PHYSICS LIST 35 2- PHYSICS LIST
35 36
36 "Full" set of physics processes are register 37 "Full" set of physics processes are registered, but via PhysicsConstructor
37 objects rather than complete pre-defined G4 38 objects rather than complete pre-defined G4 physics lists. This alternative
38 way gives more freedom to register physics. 39 way gives more freedom to register physics.
39 40
40 Physics constructors are either constructors 41 Physics constructors are either constructors provided in Geant4 (with G4 prefix)
41 or 'local'. They include : HadronElastic, Ha 42 or 'local'. They include : HadronElastic, HadronInelastic, IonsInelastic, GammaNuclear,
42 RadioactiveDecay and Electomagnetic. 43 RadioactiveDecay and Electomagnetic.
43 (see geant4/source/physics_lists/constructor 44 (see geant4/source/physics_lists/constructors)
44 45
45 HadronElasticPhysicsHP include a model for t 46 HadronElasticPhysicsHP include a model for thermalized neutrons, under the control of a command
46 defined in NeutronHPMesseger. 47 defined in NeutronHPMesseger.
47 48
48 GammmaNuclearPhysics is a subset of G4Bertin 49 GammmaNuclearPhysics is a subset of G4BertiniElectroNuclearBuilder.
49 50
50 ElectromagneticPhysics is a simplified versi 51 ElectromagneticPhysics is a simplified version of G4EmStandardPhysics.
>> 52 In perticular, no step constraint is imposed for energy loss mechanism (ionisation and brems).
>> 53 This is enough when spatial distribution of deposited energy do not need
>> 54 to be accurate (see param->SetStepFunction(1., 1*mm)).
51 55
52 Several hadronic physics options are control 56 Several hadronic physics options are controlled by environment variables.
53 To trigger them, see Hadr06.cc << 57 To trigger them, an envHadronic.csh has been added in this example.
>> 58 One must select the options wished, and do
>> 59 source envHadronic.csh (or sh)
54 60
55 3- AN EVENT : THE PRIMARY GENERATOR 61 3- AN EVENT : THE PRIMARY GENERATOR
56 62
57 The primary kinematic is a single particle 63 The primary kinematic is a single particle randomly shooted at the
58 centre of the sphere. The type of the parti 64 centre of the sphere. The type of the particle and its energy are set in
59 PrimaryGeneratorAction (neutron 14 MeV), an 65 PrimaryGeneratorAction (neutron 14 MeV), and can be changed via the G4
60 build-in commands of ParticleGun class (see 66 build-in commands of ParticleGun class (see the macros provided with
61 this example). 67 this example).
62 68
63 4- PHYSICS 69 4- PHYSICS
64 70
65 The program computes and plots energy depos 71 The program computes and plots energy deposited in the interaction volume
66 (absorber) and the flux of particles leavin 72 (absorber) and the flux of particles leaving this volume.
67 Processes invoked and particles generated d 73 Processes invoked and particles generated during hadronic cascade are listed.
68 74
69 5- HISTOGRAMS 75 5- HISTOGRAMS
70 76
71 The test contains 24 built-in 1D histograms << 77 The test contains 13 built-in 1D histograms, which are managed by
>> 78 G4AnalysisManager and its Messenger. The histos can be individually
>> 79 activated with the command :
>> 80 /analysis/h1/set id nbBins valMin valMax unit
>> 81 where unit is the desired unit for the histo (MeV or keV, etc..)
>> 82 (see the macros xxxx.mac).
72 83
73 1 "total energy deposit" 84 1 "total energy deposit"
74 2 "Edep (MeV/mm) profile along 85 2 "Edep (MeV/mm) profile along radius"
75 3 "total kinetic energy flow" 86 3 "total kinetic energy flow"
76 4 "energy spectrum of gamma at << 87 4 "energy spectrum of emerging gamma"
77 5 "energy spectrum of e+- at c << 88 5 "energy spectrum of emerging e+-"
78 6 "energy spectrum of neutrons << 89 6 "energy spectrum of emerging neutrons"
79 7 "energy spectrum of protons << 90 7 "energy spectrum of emerging protons"
80 8 "energy spectrum of deuteron << 91 8 "energy spectrum of emerging deuterons"
81 9 "energy spectrum of alphas a << 92 9 "energy spectrum of emerging alphas"
82 10 "energy spectrum of all othe << 93 10 "energy spectrum of all others emerging ions"
83 11 "energy spectrum of all othe << 94 11 "energy spectrum of all others emerging baryons"
84 12 "energy spectrum of all othe << 95 12 "energy spectrum of all others emerging mesons"
85 13 "energy spectrum of all othe << 96 13 "energy spectrum of all others emerging leptons (neutrinos)"
86 14 "energy spectrum of emerging << 97
87 15 "energy spectrum of emerging <<
88 16 "energy spectrum of emerging <<
89 17 "energy spectrum of emerging <<
90 18 "energy spectrum of emerging <<
91 19 "energy spectrum of emerging <<
92 20 "energy spectrum of all othe <<
93 21 "energy spectrum of all othe <<
94 22 "energy spectrum of all othe <<
95 23 "energy spectrum of all othe <<
96 24 "total energy released : ede <<
97 <<
98 The histograms are managed by the HistoMana 98 The histograms are managed by the HistoManager class and its Messenger.
99 The histos can be individually activated wi 99 The histos can be individually activated with the command :
100 /analysis/h1/set id nbBins valMin valMax u 100 /analysis/h1/set id nbBins valMin valMax unit
101 where unit is the desired unit for the hist << 101 where unit is the desired unit for the histo (MeV or keV, deg or mrad, etc..)
102 102
103 One can control the name of the histograms 103 One can control the name of the histograms file with the command:
104 /analysis/setFileName name (default Hadr0 104 /analysis/setFileName name (default Hadr06)
105 105
106 It is possible to choose the format of the 106 It is possible to choose the format of the histogram file : root (default),
107 xml, csv, by using namespace in HistoManage 107 xml, csv, by using namespace in HistoManager.hh
108 108
109 It is also possible to print selected histo 109 It is also possible to print selected histograms on an ascii file:
110 /analysis/h1/setAscii id 110 /analysis/h1/setAscii id
111 All selected histos will be written on a fi 111 All selected histos will be written on a file name.ascii (default Hadr04)
112 112
113 6- VISUALIZATION 113 6- VISUALIZATION
114 114
115 The Visualization Manager is set in the mai 115 The Visualization Manager is set in the main().
116 The initialisation of the drawing is done v 116 The initialisation of the drawing is done via the commands
117 /vis/... in the macro vis.mac. To get visua 117 /vis/... in the macro vis.mac. To get visualisation:
118 > /control/execute vis.mac 118 > /control/execute vis.mac
119 119
120 The tracks are drawn at the end of event, a 120 The tracks are drawn at the end of event, and erased at the end of run.
121 gamma green 121 gamma green
122 neutron yellow 122 neutron yellow
123 negative particles (e-, ...) red 123 negative particles (e-, ...) red
124 positive particles (e+, ions, ...) blue 124 positive particles (e+, ions, ...) blue
125 125
126 7- HOW TO START ? 126 7- HOW TO START ?
127 127
128 Execute Hadr06 in 'batch' mode from macro f 128 Execute Hadr06 in 'batch' mode from macro files :
129 % Hadr06 run1.mac 129 % Hadr06 run1.mac
130 130
131 Execute Hadr06 in 'interactive mode' with v 131 Execute Hadr06 in 'interactive mode' with visualization :
132 % Hadr06 132 % Hadr06
133 Idle> control/execute vis.mac 133 Idle> control/execute vis.mac
134 .... 134 ....
135 Idle> type your commands 135 Idle> type your commands
136 .... 136 ....
137 Idle> exit 137 Idle> exit
138 <<
139 Macros provided in this example: <<
140 - hadr06.in: macro used in Geant4 testing to <<
141 - graphite.mac: neutron,14 MeV, in graphite <<
142 - run1.mac: neutron,14 MeV, in Li7 <<
143 - singleFission.mac: single fission in U235 <<
144 <<
145 Macros to be run interactively: <<
146 - debug.mac: water with thermal scattering <<
147 - fission.mac: U235 <<
148 - vis.mac: To activate visualization <<
149 <<