| Geant4 Cross Reference |
>> 1 $Id: README 69174 2013-04-21 20:38:15Z maire $
1 2
2 ========================================= 3 =========================================================
3 Geant4 - an Object-Oriented Toolkit for S 4 Geant4 - an Object-Oriented Toolkit for Simulation in HEP
4 ========================================= 5 =========================================================
5 6
6 Hadr06 7 Hadr06
7 ------ 8 ------
8 9
9 Survey energy deposition and particle's flu 10 Survey energy deposition and particle's flux from an hadronic cascade.
10 Use PhysicsConstructor objects rather than 11 Use PhysicsConstructor objects rather than predefined G4 PhysicsLists.
11 12
12 13
13 1- MATERIALS AND GEOMETRY DEFINITION 14 1- MATERIALS AND GEOMETRY DEFINITION
14 15
15 The geometry is a single sphere (absorber) 16 The geometry is a single sphere (absorber) of an homogenous material.
16 17
17 Two parameters define the geometry : 18 Two parameters define the geometry :
18 - the radius of the sphere 19 - the radius of the sphere
19 - the material of the sphere 20 - the material of the sphere
20 21
21 The default geometry (R=30 cm of water) is 22 The default geometry (R=30 cm of water) is built in
22 DetectorConstruction, but the above paramet 23 DetectorConstruction, but the above parameters can be changed interactively
23 via commands defined in DetectorMessenger. 24 via commands defined in DetectorMessenger.
24 25
25 The absorber is surrounded by a World volum 26 The absorber is surrounded by a World volume (vacuum)
26 27
27 A function, and its associated UI command, 28 A function, and its associated UI command, allows to build a material
28 directly from a single isotope. 29 directly from a single isotope.
29 30
30 To be identified by the ThermalScattering m 31 To be identified by the ThermalScattering module, the elements composing a
31 material must have a specific name (see G4P 32 material must have a specific name (see G4ParticleHPThermalScatteringNames.cc)
32 Examples of such materials are build in Det 33 Examples of such materials are build in DetectorConstruction.
33 34
34 2- PHYSICS LIST 35 2- PHYSICS LIST
35 36
36 "Full" set of physics processes are register 37 "Full" set of physics processes are registered, but via PhysicsConstructor
37 objects rather than complete pre-defined G4 38 objects rather than complete pre-defined G4 physics lists. This alternative
38 way gives more freedom to register physics. 39 way gives more freedom to register physics.
39 << 40
40 Physics constructors are either constructors << 41 PhysicsConstructors are either predefined G4 PhysicsConstructors or 'local'.
41 or 'local'. They include : HadronElastic, Ha << 42 They include : HadronElastic (including neutronHP), HadronInelastic,
42 RadioactiveDecay and Electomagnetic. << 43 IonsInelastic, GammaNuclear physics, RadioactiveDecay and Electomagnetic physics.
43 (see geant4/source/physics_lists/constructor 44 (see geant4/source/physics_lists/constructors)
44 << 45
45 HadronElasticPhysicsHP include a model for t << 46 ElectromagneticPhysics is a variante of EmStandard. No step constraint is imposed for
46 defined in NeutronHPMesseger. << 47 energy loss mechanism (ionisation and brems). This is enough when spatial distribution
47 << 48 of deposited energy do not need to be accurate.
48 GammmaNuclearPhysics is a subset of G4Bertin << 49 (see param->SetStepFunction(1., 1*mm))
49 << 50
50 ElectromagneticPhysics is a simplified versi <<
51 <<
52 Several hadronic physics options are control 51 Several hadronic physics options are controlled by environment variables.
53 To trigger them, see Hadr06.cc << 52 To trigger them, an envHadronic.csh has been added in this example.
>> 53 One must select the options wished, and do
>> 54 source envHadronic.csh (or sh)
54 55
55 3- AN EVENT : THE PRIMARY GENERATOR 56 3- AN EVENT : THE PRIMARY GENERATOR
56 57
57 The primary kinematic is a single particle 58 The primary kinematic is a single particle randomly shooted at the
58 centre of the sphere. The type of the parti 59 centre of the sphere. The type of the particle and its energy are set in
59 PrimaryGeneratorAction (neutron 14 MeV), an 60 PrimaryGeneratorAction (neutron 14 MeV), and can be changed via the G4
60 build-in commands of ParticleGun class (see 61 build-in commands of ParticleGun class (see the macros provided with
61 this example). 62 this example).
62 63
63 4- PHYSICS 64 4- PHYSICS
64 65
65 The program computes and plots energy depos 66 The program computes and plots energy deposited in the interaction volume
66 (absorber) and the flux of particles leavin 67 (absorber) and the flux of particles leaving this volume.
67 Processes invoked and particles generated d 68 Processes invoked and particles generated during hadronic cascade are listed.
68 69
69 5- HISTOGRAMS 70 5- HISTOGRAMS
70 71
71 The test contains 24 built-in 1D histograms << 72 The test contains 13 built-in 1D histograms, which are managed by
>> 73 G4AnalysisManager and its Messenger. The histos can be individually
>> 74 activated with the command :
>> 75 /analysis/h1/set id nbBins valMin valMax unit
>> 76 where unit is the desired unit for the histo (MeV or keV, etc..)
>> 77 (see the macros xxxx.mac).
72 78
73 1 "total energy deposit" 79 1 "total energy deposit"
74 2 "Edep (MeV/mm) profile along 80 2 "Edep (MeV/mm) profile along radius"
75 3 "total kinetic energy flow" 81 3 "total kinetic energy flow"
76 4 "energy spectrum of gamma at << 82 4 "gamma flux (dN/dE) at exit"
77 5 "energy spectrum of e+- at c << 83 5 "e+- flux (dN/dE) at exit"
78 6 "energy spectrum of neutrons << 84 6 "neutrons flux (dN/dE) at exit"
79 7 "energy spectrum of protons << 85 7 "protons flux (dN/dE) at exit"
80 8 "energy spectrum of deuteron << 86 8 "deuterons flux (dN/dE) at exit"
81 9 "energy spectrum of alphas a << 87 9 "alphas flux (dN/dE) at exit"
82 10 "energy spectrum of all othe << 88 10 "all others ions flux (dN/dE) at exit"
83 11 "energy spectrum of all othe << 89 11 "all others baryons flux (dN/dE) at exit"
84 12 "energy spectrum of all othe << 90 12 "all others mesons flux (dN/dE) at exit"
85 13 "energy spectrum of all othe << 91 13 "all others leptons flux (dN/dE) at exit"
86 14 "energy spectrum of emerging << 92
87 15 "energy spectrum of emerging <<
88 16 "energy spectrum of emerging <<
89 17 "energy spectrum of emerging <<
90 18 "energy spectrum of emerging <<
91 19 "energy spectrum of emerging <<
92 20 "energy spectrum of all othe <<
93 21 "energy spectrum of all othe <<
94 22 "energy spectrum of all othe <<
95 23 "energy spectrum of all othe <<
96 24 "total energy released : ede <<
97 <<
98 The histograms are managed by the HistoMana 93 The histograms are managed by the HistoManager class and its Messenger.
99 The histos can be individually activated wi 94 The histos can be individually activated with the command :
100 /analysis/h1/set id nbBins valMin valMax u 95 /analysis/h1/set id nbBins valMin valMax unit
101 where unit is the desired unit for the hist << 96 where unit is the desired unit for the histo (MeV or keV, deg or mrad, etc..)
102 97
103 One can control the name of the histograms 98 One can control the name of the histograms file with the command:
104 /analysis/setFileName name (default Hadr0 99 /analysis/setFileName name (default Hadr06)
105 100
106 It is possible to choose the format of the 101 It is possible to choose the format of the histogram file : root (default),
107 xml, csv, by using namespace in HistoManage 102 xml, csv, by using namespace in HistoManager.hh
108 103
109 It is also possible to print selected histo 104 It is also possible to print selected histograms on an ascii file:
110 /analysis/h1/setAscii id 105 /analysis/h1/setAscii id
111 All selected histos will be written on a fi 106 All selected histos will be written on a file name.ascii (default Hadr04)
112 107
113 6- VISUALIZATION 108 6- VISUALIZATION
114 109
115 The Visualization Manager is set in the mai 110 The Visualization Manager is set in the main().
116 The initialisation of the drawing is done v 111 The initialisation of the drawing is done via the commands
117 /vis/... in the macro vis.mac. To get visua 112 /vis/... in the macro vis.mac. To get visualisation:
118 > /control/execute vis.mac 113 > /control/execute vis.mac
119 114
120 The tracks are drawn at the end of event, a 115 The tracks are drawn at the end of event, and erased at the end of run.
121 gamma green 116 gamma green
122 neutron yellow 117 neutron yellow
123 negative particles (e-, ...) red 118 negative particles (e-, ...) red
124 positive particles (e+, ions, ...) blue 119 positive particles (e+, ions, ...) blue
125 120
126 7- HOW TO START ? 121 7- HOW TO START ?
127 122
128 Execute Hadr06 in 'batch' mode from macro f 123 Execute Hadr06 in 'batch' mode from macro files :
129 % Hadr06 run1.mac 124 % Hadr06 run1.mac
130 125
131 Execute Hadr06 in 'interactive mode' with v 126 Execute Hadr06 in 'interactive mode' with visualization :
132 % Hadr06 127 % Hadr06
133 Idle> control/execute vis.mac 128 Idle> control/execute vis.mac
134 .... 129 ....
135 Idle> type your commands 130 Idle> type your commands
136 .... 131 ....
137 Idle> exit 132 Idle> exit
138 <<
139 Macros provided in this example: <<
140 - hadr06.in: macro used in Geant4 testing to <<
141 - graphite.mac: neutron,14 MeV, in graphite <<
142 - run1.mac: neutron,14 MeV, in Li7 <<
143 - singleFission.mac: single fission in U235 <<
144 <<
145 Macros to be run interactively: <<
146 - debug.mac: water with thermal scattering <<
147 - fission.mac: U235 <<
148 - vis.mac: To activate visualization <<
149 <<