| Geant4 Cross Reference |
1 ---------------------------------------------- 1 -------------------------------------------------------------------
2 2
3 ========================================= 3 =========================================================
4 Geant4 - an Object-Oriented Toolkit for S 4 Geant4 - an Object-Oriented Toolkit for Simulation in HEP
5 ========================================= 5 =========================================================
6 6
7 Hadr05 7 Hadr05
8 ------ 8 ------
9 9
10 How to collect energy deposition in a samplin 10 How to collect energy deposition in a sampling calorimeter.
11 How to survey energy flow. 11 How to survey energy flow.
12 Hadr05 is the hadronic equivalent of TestEm3. 12 Hadr05 is the hadronic equivalent of TestEm3.
13 13
14 14
15 1- GEOMETRY DEFINITION 15 1- GEOMETRY DEFINITION
16 16
17 The calorimeter is a box made of a given num 17 The calorimeter is a box made of a given number of layers.
18 A layer consists of a sequence of various ab 18 A layer consists of a sequence of various absorbers (maximum MaxAbsor=9).
19 The layer is replicated. 19 The layer is replicated.
20 20
21 Parameters defining the calorimeter : 21 Parameters defining the calorimeter :
22 - the number of layers, 22 - the number of layers,
23 - the number of absorbers within a layer, 23 - the number of absorbers within a layer,
24 - the material of the absorbers, 24 - the material of the absorbers,
25 - the thickness of the absorbers, 25 - the thickness of the absorbers,
26 - the transverse size of the calorimeter ( 26 - the transverse size of the calorimeter (the input face is a square).
27 27
28 In addition a transverse uniform magnetic fi 28 In addition a transverse uniform magnetic field can be applied.
29 29
30 The default geometry is constructed in Detec 30 The default geometry is constructed in DetectorConstruction class, but all
31 of the above parameters can be modified inte 31 of the above parameters can be modified interactively via the commands
32 defined in the DetectorMessenger class. 32 defined in the DetectorMessenger class.
33 33
34 34
35 |<----layer 0---------->|<----layer 1- 35 |<----layer 0---------->|<----layer 1---------->|<----layer 2---------->|
36 | | | 36 | | | | |
37 ====================================== 37 ==========================================================================
38 || | || | 38 || | || | || | ||
39 || | || | 39 || | || | || | ||
40 || abs 1 | abs 2 || abs 1 | 40 || abs 1 | abs 2 || abs 1 | abs 2 || abs 1 | abs 2 ||
41 || | || | 41 || | || | || | ||
42 || | || | 42 || | || | || | ||
43 beam || | || | 43 beam || | || | || | ||
44 ======> || | || | 44 ======> || | || | || | ||
45 || | || | 45 || | || | || | ||
46 || | || | 46 || | || | || | ||
47 || | || | 47 || | || | || | ||
48 || | || | 48 || | || | || | ||
49 || cell 1 | cell 2 || cell 3 | 49 || cell 1 | cell 2 || cell 3 | cell 4 || cell 5 | cell 6 ||
50 ====================================== 50 ==========================================================================
51 ^ ^ ^ ^ 51 ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
52 pln1 pln2 pln3 pln 52 pln1 pln2 pln3 pln4 pln5 pln6 pln7
53 53
54 NB. The number of absorbers and the number o 54 NB. The number of absorbers and the number of layers can be set to 1.
55 In this case we have a unique homogeneous bl 55 In this case we have a unique homogeneous block of matter, which looks like
56 a bubble chamber rather than a calorimeter . 56 a bubble chamber rather than a calorimeter ...
57 (see the macro emtutor.mac) 57 (see the macro emtutor.mac)
58 58
59 A function, and its associated UI command, a 59 A function, and its associated UI command, allows to build a material
60 directly from a single isotope. 60 directly from a single isotope.
61 61
62 To be identified by the ThermalScattering mo 62 To be identified by the ThermalScattering module, the elements composing a
63 material must have a specific name (see G4Pa 63 material must have a specific name (see G4ParticleHPThermalScatteringNames.cc)
64 Examples of such materials are build in Hadr 64 Examples of such materials are build in Hadr06/src/DetectorConstruction.cc
65 65
66 2- PHYSICS LISTS 66 2- PHYSICS LISTS
67 67
68 "Full" set of physics processes are register 68 "Full" set of physics processes are registered, but via PhysicsConstructor
69 objects rather than complete pre-defined G4 69 objects rather than complete pre-defined G4 physics lists. This alternative
70 way gives more freedom to register physics. 70 way gives more freedom to register physics.
71 71
72 Physics constructors are either constructors 72 Physics constructors are either constructors provided in Geant4 (with G4 prefix)
73 or 'local'. They include : HadronElastic, Ha 73 or 'local'. They include : HadronElastic, HadronInelastic, IonsInelastic,
74 GammaNuclear, RadioactiveDecay and Electomag 74 GammaNuclear, RadioactiveDecay and Electomagnetic.
75 (see geant4/source/physics_lists/constructor 75 (see geant4/source/physics_lists/constructors)
76 76
77 HadronElasticPhysicsHP include a model for t 77 HadronElasticPhysicsHP include a model for thermalized neutrons,
78 under the control of the command /testhadr/p 78 under the control of the command /testhadr/phys/thermalScattering
79 79
80 GammmaNuclearPhysics is a subset of G4Bertin 80 GammmaNuclearPhysics is a subset of G4BertiniElectroNuclearBuilder.
81 81
82 ElectromagneticPhysics is a readable version 82 ElectromagneticPhysics is a readable version of G4EmStandardPhysics_opt3.
83 83
84 Several hadronic physics options are control 84 Several hadronic physics options are controlled by environment variables.
85 To select them, see Hadr07.cc 85 To select them, see Hadr07.cc
86 86
87 3- AN EVENT : THE PRIMARY GENERATOR 87 3- AN EVENT : THE PRIMARY GENERATOR
88 88
89 The primary kinematic consists of a single p 89 The primary kinematic consists of a single particle which hits the calorimeter
90 perpendicular to the input face. The type of 90 perpendicular to the input face. The type of the particle and its energy are
91 set in the PrimaryGeneratorAction class, and 91 set in the PrimaryGeneratorAction class, and can be changed via the
92 G4 build-in commands of G4ParticleGun class 92 G4 build-in commands of G4ParticleGun class (see the macros provided with this
93 example). 93 example).
94 94
95 In addition one can choose randomly the impa 95 In addition one can choose randomly the impact point of the incident particle.
96 The corresponding interactive command is bui 96 The corresponding interactive command is built in PrimaryGeneratorAction.
97 97
98 A RUN is a set of events. 98 A RUN is a set of events.
99 99
100 Hadr05 computes the energy deposited per abs 100 Hadr05 computes the energy deposited per absorber and the energy flow through
101 the calorimeter. 101 the calorimeter.
102 102
103 4- VISUALIZATION 103 4- VISUALIZATION
104 104
105 The Visualization Manager is set in the main 105 The Visualization Manager is set in the main() (see Hadr05.cc).
106 The initialisation of the drawing is done vi 106 The initialisation of the drawing is done via the commands :
107 /vis/... in the macro vis.mac. In interactiv 107 /vis/... in the macro vis.mac. In interactive session:
108 PreInit or Idle > /control/execute vis.mac 108 PreInit or Idle > /control/execute vis.mac
109 109
110 The default view is a longitudinal view of t 110 The default view is a longitudinal view of the calorimeter.
111 111
112 5- PHYSICS DEMO 112 5- PHYSICS DEMO
113 113
114 The particle's type and the physics processe 114 The particle's type and the physics processes which will be available
115 in this example are set in PhysicsList class 115 in this example are set in PhysicsList class.
116 116
117 In addition a built-in interactive command ( 117 In addition a built-in interactive command (/process/inactivate processName)
118 allows to activate/inactivate the processes 118 allows to activate/inactivate the processes one by one.
119 Then one can well visualize the processes on 119 Then one can well visualize the processes one by one, especially
120 in the bubble chamber setup with a transvers 120 in the bubble chamber setup with a transverse magnetic field.
121 121
122 6- HOW TO START ? 122 6- HOW TO START ?
123 123
124 - Execute Hadr05 in 'batch' mode from macro 124 - Execute Hadr05 in 'batch' mode from macro files
125 % Hadr05 Cu-lAr.mac << 125 % Hadr05 Cu-lAr.mac
126 126
127 - Execute Hadr05 in 'interactive mode' with 127 - Execute Hadr05 in 'interactive mode' with visualization
128 % Hadr05 128 % Hadr05
129 .... 129 ....
130 Idle> type your commands. For instance: 130 Idle> type your commands. For instance:
131 Idle> /control/execute vis.mac 131 Idle> /control/execute vis.mac
132 .... 132 ....
133 Idle> exit 133 Idle> exit
134 134
135 Macros provided in this example: 135 Macros provided in this example:
136 - hadr05.in: macro used in Geant4 testing <<
137 - Fe-Sci.mac, Cu-lAr.mac, Pb-lAr.mac, W-lAr. 136 - Fe-Sci.mac, Cu-lAr.mac, Pb-lAr.mac, W-lAr.mac : names are self explanatory
138 - Pb-lAr-em.mac : electromagnetic calorimete <<
139 - emtest.mac, emtutor.mac : to be run intera 137 - emtest.mac, emtutor.mac : to be run interactively
140 - vis.mac: to activate visualization 138 - vis.mac: to activate visualization
141 139
142 7- HISTOGRAMS 140 7- HISTOGRAMS
143 141
144 Hadr05 can produce histograms : 142 Hadr05 can produce histograms :
145 histo 1 : energy deposit in absorber 1 143 histo 1 : energy deposit in absorber 1
146 histo 2 : energy deposit in absorber 2 144 histo 2 : energy deposit in absorber 2
147 ...etc........... 145 ...etc...........
148 146
149 histo 11 : longitudinal profile of energy de 147 histo 11 : longitudinal profile of energy deposit in absorber 1 (MeV/event)
150 histo 12 : longitudinal profile of energy de 148 histo 12 : longitudinal profile of energy deposit in absorber 2 (MeV/event)
151 ...etc........... 149 ...etc...........
152 150
153 histo 21 : energy flow (MeV/event) 151 histo 21 : energy flow (MeV/event)
154 << 152 histo 22 : lateral energy leak (MeV/event)
155 histo 22 : total energy deposited << 153
156 histo 23 : total energy leakage <<
157 histo 24 : total energy released : Edep + El <<
158 <<
159 NB. Numbering scheme for histograms: 154 NB. Numbering scheme for histograms:
160 layer : from 1 to NbOfLayers (included) 155 layer : from 1 to NbOfLayers (included)
161 absorbers : from 1 to NbOfAbsor (included) 156 absorbers : from 1 to NbOfAbsor (included)
162 planes : from 1 to NbOfLayers*NbOfAbsor + 157 planes : from 1 to NbOfLayers*NbOfAbsor + 1 (included)
163 158
164 One can control the binning of the histo with 159 One can control the binning of the histo with the command:
165 /analysis/h1/set idAbsor nbin Emin Emax 160 /analysis/h1/set idAbsor nbin Emin Emax unit
166 where unit is the desired energy unit for th 161 where unit is the desired energy unit for that histo
167 162
168 One can control the name of the histograms f 163 One can control the name of the histograms file with the command:
169 /analysis/setFileName name (default hadr05 164 /analysis/setFileName name (default hadr05)
170 165
171 It is possible to choose the format of the h 166 It is possible to choose the format of the histogram file : root (default),
172 xml, csv, by using namespace in HistoManager 167 xml, csv, by using namespace in HistoManager.hh
173 168
174 It is also possible to print selected histogr 169 It is also possible to print selected histograms on an ascii file:
175 /analysis/h1/setAscii id 170 /analysis/h1/setAscii id
176 All selected histos will be written on a file 171 All selected histos will be written on a file name.ascii (default hadr05)
177 172