| Geant4 Cross Reference |
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2 Geant4 - an Object-Oriented Toolkit for S 2 Geant4 - an Object-Oriented Toolkit for Simulation in HEP
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4 4
5 5
6 HADR01 6 HADR01
7 7
8 A.Bagulya, I.Gudowska, V.Ivanchenk 8 A.Bagulya, I.Gudowska, V.Ivanchenko, N.Starkov
9 CERN, Geneva, Switzerla 9 CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
10 Karolinska Institute & Hospital, S 10 Karolinska Institute & Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
11 Lebedev Physical Institute, Mos 11 Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow, Russia
12 12
13 13
14 This example application is based on the appli 14 This example application is based on the application IION developed for
15 simulation of proton or ion beam interaction w 15 simulation of proton or ion beam interaction with a water target. Different
16 aspects of beam target interaction are demonst 16 aspects of beam target interaction are demonstrating in the example including
17 longitudinal profile of energy deposition, spe 17 longitudinal profile of energy deposition, spectra of secondary particles,
18 spectra of particles leaving the target. The r 18 spectra of particles leaving the target. The results are presenting in a form
19 of average numbers and histograms. 19 of average numbers and histograms.
20 20
21 21
22 GEOMETRY 22 GEOMETRY
23 23
24 The Target volume is a cylinder placed inside 24 The Target volume is a cylinder placed inside Check cylindrical volume. The
25 Check volume is placed inside the World volume 25 Check volume is placed inside the World volume. The radius and the length of
26 the Check volume are 1 mm larger than the radi 26 the Check volume are 1 mm larger than the radius and the length of the Target.
27 The material of the Check volume is the same a 27 The material of the Check volume is the same as the World material. The World
28 volume has the sizes 10 mm larger than that of 28 volume has the sizes 10 mm larger than that of the Target volume. Any material
29 from the Geant4 database can be defined. The d 29 from the Geant4 database can be defined. The default World material is
30 G4Galactic and the default Target material is 30 G4Galactic and the default Target material is aluminum. The Target is
31 subdivided on number of equal slices. Followin 31 subdivided on number of equal slices. Following UI commands are available to
32 modify the geometry: 32 modify the geometry:
33 33
34 /testhadr/TargetMat G4_Pb 34 /testhadr/TargetMat G4_Pb
35 /testhadr/WorldMat G4_AIR 35 /testhadr/WorldMat G4_AIR
36 /testhadr/TargetRadius 10 mm 36 /testhadr/TargetRadius 10 mm
37 /testhadr/TargetLength 20 cm 37 /testhadr/TargetLength 20 cm
38 /testhadr/NumberDivZ 200 38 /testhadr/NumberDivZ 200
39 39
40 Beam direction coincides with the target axis 40 Beam direction coincides with the target axis and is Z axis in the global
41 coordinate system. The beam starts 5 mm in fro 41 coordinate system. The beam starts 5 mm in front of the target. G4ParticleGun
42 is used as a primary generator. The energy and 42 is used as a primary generator. The energy and the type of the beam can be
43 defined via standard UI commands 43 defined via standard UI commands
44 44
45 /gun/energy 15 GeV 45 /gun/energy 15 GeV
46 /gun/particle proton 46 /gun/particle proton
47 47
48 Default beam position is -(targetHalfLength + 48 Default beam position is -(targetHalfLength + 5*mm) and direction along Z axis.
49 Beam position and direction can be changed by 49 Beam position and direction can be changed by gun UI commands:
50 50
51 /gun/position 1 10 3 mm 51 /gun/position 1 10 3 mm
52 /gun/direction 1 0 0 52 /gun/direction 1 0 0
53 53
54 however, position command is active only if be 54 however, position command is active only if before it the flag is set
55 55
56 /testhadr/DefaultBeamPosition false 56 /testhadr/DefaultBeamPosition false
57 57
58 SCORING 58 SCORING
59 59
60 The scoring is performed with the help of User 60 The scoring is performed with the help of UserStackingAction class and two
61 sensitive detector classes: one associated wi 61 sensitive detector classes: one associated with a target slice, another with
62 the Check volume. Each secondary particle is s 62 the Check volume. Each secondary particle is scored by the StackingAction. In
63 the StackingAction it is also possible to kill 63 the StackingAction it is also possible to kill all or one type of secondary
64 particles 64 particles
65 65
66 /testhadr/Kill neutron 66 /testhadr/Kill neutron
67 /testhadr/KillAllSecondaries 67 /testhadr/KillAllSecondaries
68 68
69 To control running the following options are a 69 To control running the following options are available:
70 70
71 /testhadr/PrintModulo 100 71 /testhadr/PrintModulo 100
72 /testhadr/DebugEvent 977 72 /testhadr/DebugEvent 977
73 73
74 The last command selects an events, for which 74 The last command selects an events, for which "/tracking/verbose 2" level
75 of printout is established. 75 of printout is established.
76 76
77 77
78 PHYSICS 78 PHYSICS
79 79
80 PhysicsList of the application uses reference 80 PhysicsList of the application uses reference Phsyics Lists or its components,
81 which are distributed with Geant4 in /geant4/p 81 which are distributed with Geant4 in /geant4/physics_lists subdirectory.
82 82
83 The reference Physics List name may be defined 83 The reference Physics List name may be defined in the 3d argument of the
84 run command: 84 run command:
85 85
86 Hadr01 my.macro QGSP_BERT 86 Hadr01 my.macro QGSP_BERT
87 87
88 If 3d argument is not set then the PHYSLIST en 88 If 3d argument is not set then the PHYSLIST environment variable is checked.
89 If 3d argument is set, it is possible to add t 89 If 3d argument is set, it is possible to add the 4th and 5th arguments,
90 which defines overlap energies between cascade 90 which defines overlap energies between cascade and string models in GeV:
91 91
92 Hadr01 my.macro QGSP_BERT 3.5 8.0 92 Hadr01 my.macro QGSP_BERT 3.5 8.0
93 93
94 If 6 arguments are used the last enabling addi 94 If 6 arguments are used the last enabling addition of charge exchange
95 physics on top of any reference Physics List. 95 physics on top of any reference Physics List.
96 96
97 Hadr01 my.macro QGSP_BERT 3.5 8.0 CI 97 Hadr01 my.macro QGSP_BERT 3.5 8.0 CI
98 98
99 If both 3d argument and the environment variab 99 If both 3d argument and the environment variable are not defined then
100 reference Phsyics Lists is not instantiated, i 100 reference Phsyics Lists is not instantiated, instead the local Physics List
101 is used built from components, which may be co 101 is used built from components, which may be configured using UI interface.
102 The choice of the physics is provided by the U 102 The choice of the physics is provided by the UI command:
103 103
104 /testhadr/Physics QGSP_BIC 104 /testhadr/Physics QGSP_BIC
105 105
106 To see the list of available configurations wi 106 To see the list of available configurations with UI one can use
107 107
108 /testhadr/ListPhysics 108 /testhadr/ListPhysics
109 109
110 The cuts for electromagnetic physics can be es 110 The cuts for electromagnetic physics can be established via
111 111
112 /testhadr/CutsAll 1 mm 112 /testhadr/CutsAll 1 mm
113 /testhadr/CutsGamma 0.1 mm 113 /testhadr/CutsGamma 0.1 mm
114 /testhadr/CutsEl 0.2 mm 114 /testhadr/CutsEl 0.2 mm
115 /testhadr/CutsPos 0.3 mm 115 /testhadr/CutsPos 0.3 mm
116 /testhadr/CutsProt 0.6 mm 116 /testhadr/CutsProt 0.6 mm
117 117
118 Note that testhadr UI commands are not availab 118 Note that testhadr UI commands are not available in the case when PHYSLIST
119 environment variable is defined. 119 environment variable is defined.
120 120
121 121
122 VISUALIZATION 122 VISUALIZATION
123 123
124 For interactive mode G4 visualization options 124 For interactive mode G4 visualization options and variables should be
125 defined, then the example should be recompiled 125 defined, then the example should be recompiled:
126 126
127 gmake visclean 127 gmake visclean
128 gmake 128 gmake
129 129
130 130
131 HISTOGRAMS 131 HISTOGRAMS
132 132
133 There are built in histograms. The 1st one (id 133 There are built in histograms. The 1st one (idx=0, id="1") scores energy
134 deposition along the target. Histograms "22", 134 deposition along the target. Histograms "22", "23", "24", "25" scores
135 energy deposition per particle type. 135 energy deposition per particle type.
136 136
137 All other histograms are provided in decimal l 137 All other histograms are provided in decimal logarithmic scale (log10(E/MeV),
138 where E is secondary particle energy at produc 138 where E is secondary particle energy at production
139 139
140 It is possible to change scale and output file 140 It is possible to change scale and output file name using UI commands:
141 141
142 /testhadr/histo/fileName name 142 /testhadr/histo/fileName name
143 /testhadr/histo/setHisto idx nbins vmin vmax u 143 /testhadr/histo/setHisto idx nbins vmin vmax unit
144 144
145 Only ROOT histograms are available. 145 Only ROOT histograms are available.
146 146
147 All histograms are normalized to the number of 147 All histograms are normalized to the number of events.