| Geant4 Cross Reference |
1 1
2 ========================================= 2 =========================================================
3 Geant4 - Brachytherapy example 3 Geant4 - Brachytherapy example
4 ========================================= 4 =========================================================
5 5
6 README 6 README
7 --------------------- 7 ---------------------
8 8
9 <<
10 The brachytherapy example is currently maintai <<
11 Luciano Pandola (2) <<
12 <<
13 1. Centre For Medical Radiation Physics (CMRP) <<
14 2. LNS, INFN, Catania, Italy. <<
15 <<
16 ---------------------------------------------- <<
17 <<
18 Contact: susanna@uow.edu.au <<
19 deanc@uow.edu.au <<
20 geant4-advanced-examples@cern.ch <<
21 <<
22 ---------------------------------------------- 9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
23 << 10 ----> Introduction. |
24 List of past co-authors: <<
25 S. George, S. Agostinelli, F. Foppiano, S. Gar <<
26 <<
27 ---------------------------------------------- <<
28 ----> Introduction. <<
29 11
30 Brachytherapy example simulates the energy de << 12 Brachytherapy example simulates energy deposit in a Phantom filled with |
31 1) Iridium sources (Flexisource and TG186). << 13 soft tissue for:
32 2) Iodine sources (Bebig Isoseed and Oncura 67 << 14 1) Iridium source (endocavitary brachytherapy). |
33 3) Leipzig Applicator with an iridium source ( << 15 2) Iodium source (interstitial brachytherapy).
34 << 16 3) Leipzig Applicator (superficial brachytherapy). |
35 The Flexisource, an Ir-192 source manufactured << 17 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
36 The geometry of the Flexisource was adapted fr << 18 ----> 1.Experimental set-up. |
37 "A dosimetric study on the Ir-192 high dose ra << 19
38 << 20 The default source is an Ir-131 source put in the center of the Phantom.|
39 The TG186 source is a generic Ir-192 source cr << 21 The Phantom is a box (dimension:30cm), it is gridded in
40 Details of the TG186 source may be obtained fr << 22 voxels (1.mm dimension) |
41 "A generic high-dose rate 192Ir brachytherapy <<
42 <<
43 In particular in this example it is shown how <<
44 - model a radioactive source in terms of radi <<
45 - model the radiation field with the General P <<
46 1) Define the energy spectrum of photons ex <<
47 2) Modelling the Radioactive decay <<
48 - calculate the energy deposition in a phantom <<
49 - define the physics by means of a Geant4 Modu <<
50 - save results in an analysis ROOT file <<
51 - calculate the dose rate distribution along t <<
52 - compare the calculated dose rate distributio <<
53 <<
54 In the case of the example, the dose rate dist <<
55 J. Pérez-Calatayud, E. Casal, et al,"A dosime <<
56 The dose rate distribution of the Oncura 6711 <<
57 dosimetry of an I-125 brachytherapy seed", Med <<
58 <<
59 The example can be executed in multithreading <<
60 <<
61 ---------------------------------------------- <<
62 ----> 1.Experimental set-up. <<
63 <<
64 The default source is a Ir-192 Flexisource set <<
65 The phantom is set in the World volume filled <<
66 <<
67 The primary radiation field is defined by mean <<
68 ---------------------------------------------- 23 -------------------------------------------------------------------------
69 ----> 2.SET-UP 24 ----> 2.SET-UP
70 << 25 |
71 A standard Geant4 example CMakeLists.txt is pr << 26 -example enviroment with the compiler 3.2.3
72 << 27 -a standard Geant4 example GNUmakefile is provided |
73 ---------------------------------------------- <<
74 ----> 3.How to run the example. <<
75 <<
76 - Batch mode: <<
77 $G4WORKDIR/bin/Linux-g++/Brachy FlexiSourceM <<
78 $G4WORKDIR/bin/Linux-g++/Brachy LeipzigSourc <<
79 $G4WORKDIR/bin/Linux-g++/Brachy IridiumSourc <<
80 $G4WORKDIR/bin/Linux-g++/Brachy IodiumSource <<
81 $G4WORKDIR/bin/Linux-g++/Brachy OncuraIodine <<
82 $G4WORKDIR/bin/Linux-g++/Brachy LeipzigSourc <<
83 <<
84 - Interative mode: <<
85 3) $G4WORKDIR/bin/Linux-g++/Brachy <<
86 VisualisationMacro.mac is loaded automati <<
87 <<
88 * How to change the absorber material of the p <<
89 idle>/phantom/selectMaterial materialName <<
90 28
91 ---------------------------------------------- << 29 setup with: |
92 ----> 4. Primary radiation Field << 30 compiler = gcc-3.2.3
>> 31 G4SYSTEM = linux-g++ |
93 32
94 The radiation field is defined with the Genera << 33 The following environment variables need to be set: |
95 34
96 Two alternative options are offered: << 35 G4LEDATA: points to low energy data base - G4EMLOW3.0 |
97 1) Define gamma as primary radiation field. Th <<
98 This radiation field is defined in: <<
99 iodine_source_primary.mac and iridium_source_p <<
100 36
101 2) Model the radioactive Decay. The primary pa << 37 setup for analysis: AIDA 3.2.1, PI 1.3.3 |
102 This option is modelled in iodine_decay.mac an <<
103 38
104 The GPS macros are executed in VisualisationMa << 39 Users can download the analysis tools from:
105 << 40 |
106 - The Flexisource is the default source of the << 41 http://aida.freehep.org/
107 - In VisualisationMacro.mac the source is the << 42 http://www.cern.ch/PI |
108 - In FlexiSourceMacro.mac the Flexi Ir source <<
109 - In IodineSourceMacro.mac, the Bebig Isoseed <<
110 Alternatively the radioactive decay of I can <<
111 - In LeipzigSourceMacro.mac, A Leipzig applica <<
112 - The TG186SourceMacro.mac models the referenc <<
113 - OncuraIodineSourceMacro.mac models both the <<
114 ---------------------------------------------- <<
115 ----> 5. Physics List <<
116 <<
117 The electromagnetic Livermore Low Energy physi <<
118 The cut is 0.05 mm. <<
119 Fluorescence and Auger electron emission are i <<
120 43
121 ---------------------------------------------- 44 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
122 ----> 6. Scoring mesh << 45 ----> 3.How to run the example. |
123 46
124 The scoring mesh is used to calculate the ener << 47 - batch mode:
125 integrated over the whole run. The scoring mes << 48 $G4WORDIR/bin/Linux-g++/Brachy IridiumSourceMacro.mac |
126 The default output format of the scoring is ch << 49 $G4WORDIR/bin/Linux-g++/Brachy IodiumSourceMacro.mac
127 The scoring mesh is fixed with a size of 20.0 << 50 $G4WORDIR/bin/Linux-g++/Brachy LeipzigSourceMacro.mac
>> 51 |
>> 52 - Interative mode:
>> 53 3) $G4WORDIR/bin/Linux-g++/Brachy
>> 54 The VisualisationMacro.mac is loaded automatically |
128 55
129 When running in interactive mode there is no s << 56 -->possible different configurations for interactive mode: |
130 57
>> 58 1)Ir source: |
>> 59 idle>/run/beamOn NumberOfEvents ...and then
>> 60 idle>exit |
>> 61
>> 62 2)Leipzig Applicator: |
>> 63 idle>/source/switch Leipzig
>> 64 idle>/run/beamOn NumberOfEvents ...and then |
>> 65 idle> exit
>> 66 |
>> 67 3) Iodium source:
>> 68 idle>/source/switch Iodium |
>> 69 idle>/primary/energy Iodium
>> 70 idle>/run/beamOn NumberOfEvents ...and then |
>> 71 idle>exit
>> 72 |
>> 73 *Before the run you can also change the absorber material of the
>> 74 Phantom: |
>> 75 idle>/phantom/selectMaterial materialName
>> 76 |
>> 77 - batch mode: executable Brachy macroFile.mac
>> 78 macros are provided as example: IodiumSourceMacro.mac,
>> 79 IridiumSourceMacro.mac, LeipzigSourceMacro.mac |
>> 80 (ex. $G4WORKDIR/bin/Linux-g++/Brachy IodiumSourceMacro.mac)
131 ---------------------------------------------- 81 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
132 ----> 6. Analysis << 82 ----> 4. Simulation output |
133 83
134 G4Analysis is used to create and fill histogra << 84 if ANALYSIS_USE = 1 in the set-up, the output is brachytherapy.hbk |
135 <<
136 The installation of ROOT is required to plot t <<
137 in primary.root and brachytherapy.root(http:// <<
138 85
>> 86 It contains:
>> 87 1)1Dhistogram with the primary particle energy |
>> 88 2)2Dhistogram with the distribution of energy in the plane
>> 89 (x,z,energy) containing the source (YThickness = 1. mm)
>> 90 3)1Dhistogram with the energy deposit along the X axis in the plane |
>> 91 containing the source.
>> 92 4)Ntuple with the 3D energy deposit in the Phantom
>> 93 |
>> 94 Units: the energy deposit is in MeV;
>> 95 x, y, z in mm for histograms and ntuple |
139 ---------------------------------------------- 96 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
140 ----> 7. Simulation output << 97 ----> 5.Visualisation |
141 <<
142 The output is: <<
143 <<
144 - ASCII file EnergyDeposition.out, with xx (mm <<
145 To limit the use of memory, the energy depos <<
146 <<
147 By default: <<
148 EnergyDeposition_Flexi.out contains the Edep <<
149 EnergyDeposition_iodine.out contains the Ede <<
150 EnergyDeposition_TG186.out contains the Edep <<
151 EnergyDeposition_Leipzig.out contains the Ed <<
152 EnergyDeposition_Oncura.out contains the Ede <<
153 <<
154 - brachytherapy.root, containing a 2D histogra <<
155 to open brachytherapy.root in ROOT interacti <<
156 <<
157 - primary.root, with 1D histogram of the ener <<
158 plot_primary.C is provided as example to ope <<
159 <<
160 ---------------------------------------------- <<
161 ----> 8.Visualisation <<
162 98
163 A macro is provided ad example of visualisatio << 99 a macro is provided ad example of visualisation: VisualisationMacro.mac|
164 100
165 ---------------------------------------------- << 101 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
166 -----> 9. Comparison to reference data <<
167 <<
168 The ROOT macros macro.C and plot_primary.C are <<
169 in the brachytherapy.root file. <<
170 <<
171 The ROOT macro TG43_relative_dose.C has brachy <<
172 the brachytherapy source. The dose rate is nor <<
173 The output file is geant4_dose.txt with two co <<
174 distance from the centre (cm) dose rate distri <<
175 <<
176 The user can then compare the dose rate distri <<
177 <<
178 Directory "comparison": <<
179 As an example, the dose rate distribution calc <<
180 <<
181 The compare.C is a ROOT macro which reads the <<
182 <<
183 The directory "comparison" contains: <<
184 - the reference data, granero.txt <<
185 - the data obtained in Geant4.10.3: geant4.txt <<
186 - comparison.C - macro to read geant4.txt and <<
187 <<
188 -----> 10. Regression testing of Geant4 <<
189 - the macros to run are in test_macro <<
190 - the results should be processed with analysi <<
191 102
>> 103 for comments, advices, doubts and questions: guatelli@ge.infn.it
>> 104 for more info http://www.ge.infn.it/geant4/examples/index.html
192 105
>> 106 last modified: Susanna Guatelli 15/5/2006