| Geant4 Cross Reference |
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2 =========================================
3 Geant4 - Brachytherapy example
4 =========================================
5
6 README
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8
9
10 The brachytherapy example is currently maintai
11 Luciano Pandola (2)
12
13 1. Centre For Medical Radiation Physics (CMRP)
14 2. LNS, INFN, Catania, Italy.
15
16 ----------------------------------------------
17
18 Contact: susanna@uow.edu.au
19 deanc@uow.edu.au
20 geant4-advanced-examples@cern.ch
21
22 ----------------------------------------------
23
24 List of past co-authors:
25 S. George, S. Agostinelli, F. Foppiano, S. Gar
26
27 ----------------------------------------------
28 ----> Introduction.
29
30 Brachytherapy example simulates the energy de
31 1) Iridium sources (Flexisource and TG186).
32 2) Iodine sources (Bebig Isoseed and Oncura 67
33 3) Leipzig Applicator with an iridium source (
34
35 The Flexisource, an Ir-192 source manufactured
36 The geometry of the Flexisource was adapted fr
37 "A dosimetric study on the Ir-192 high dose ra
38
39 The TG186 source is a generic Ir-192 source cr
40 Details of the TG186 source may be obtained fr
41 "A generic high-dose rate 192Ir brachytherapy
42
43 In particular in this example it is shown how
44 - model a radioactive source in terms of radi
45 - model the radiation field with the General P
46 1) Define the energy spectrum of photons ex
47 2) Modelling the Radioactive decay
48 - calculate the energy deposition in a phantom
49 - define the physics by means of a Geant4 Modu
50 - save results in an analysis ROOT file
51 - calculate the dose rate distribution along t
52 - compare the calculated dose rate distributio
53
54 In the case of the example, the dose rate dist
55 J. Pérez-Calatayud, E. Casal, et al,"A dosime
56 The dose rate distribution of the Oncura 6711
57 dosimetry of an I-125 brachytherapy seed", Med
58
59 The example can be executed in multithreading
60
61 ----------------------------------------------
62 ----> 1.Experimental set-up.
63
64 The default source is a Ir-192 Flexisource set
65 The phantom is set in the World volume filled
66
67 The primary radiation field is defined by mean
68 ----------------------------------------------
69 ----> 2.SET-UP
70
71 A standard Geant4 example CMakeLists.txt is pr
72
73 ----------------------------------------------
74 ----> 3.How to run the example.
75
76 - Batch mode:
77 $G4WORKDIR/bin/Linux-g++/Brachy FlexiSourceM
78 $G4WORKDIR/bin/Linux-g++/Brachy LeipzigSourc
79 $G4WORKDIR/bin/Linux-g++/Brachy IridiumSourc
80 $G4WORKDIR/bin/Linux-g++/Brachy IodiumSource
81 $G4WORKDIR/bin/Linux-g++/Brachy OncuraIodine
82 $G4WORKDIR/bin/Linux-g++/Brachy LeipzigSourc
83
84 - Interative mode:
85 3) $G4WORKDIR/bin/Linux-g++/Brachy
86 VisualisationMacro.mac is loaded automati
87
88 * How to change the absorber material of the p
89 idle>/phantom/selectMaterial materialName
90
91 ----------------------------------------------
92 ----> 4. Primary radiation Field
93
94 The radiation field is defined with the Genera
95
96 Two alternative options are offered:
97 1) Define gamma as primary radiation field. Th
98 This radiation field is defined in:
99 iodine_source_primary.mac and iridium_source_p
100
101 2) Model the radioactive Decay. The primary pa
102 This option is modelled in iodine_decay.mac an
103
104 The GPS macros are executed in VisualisationMa
105
106 - The Flexisource is the default source of the
107 - In VisualisationMacro.mac the source is the
108 - In FlexiSourceMacro.mac the Flexi Ir source
109 - In IodineSourceMacro.mac, the Bebig Isoseed
110 Alternatively the radioactive decay of I can
111 - In LeipzigSourceMacro.mac, A Leipzig applica
112 - The TG186SourceMacro.mac models the referenc
113 - OncuraIodineSourceMacro.mac models both the
114 ----------------------------------------------
115 ----> 5. Physics List
116
117 The electromagnetic Livermore Low Energy physi
118 The cut is 0.05 mm.
119 Fluorescence and Auger electron emission are i
120
121 ----------------------------------------------
122 ----> 6. Scoring mesh
123
124 The scoring mesh is used to calculate the ener
125 integrated over the whole run. The scoring mes
126 The default output format of the scoring is ch
127 The scoring mesh is fixed with a size of 20.0
128
129 When running in interactive mode there is no s
130
131 ----------------------------------------------
132 ----> 6. Analysis
133
134 G4Analysis is used to create and fill histogra
135
136 The installation of ROOT is required to plot t
137 in primary.root and brachytherapy.root(http://
138
139 ----------------------------------------------
140 ----> 7. Simulation output
141
142 The output is:
143
144 - ASCII file EnergyDeposition.out, with xx (mm
145 To limit the use of memory, the energy depos
146
147 By default:
148 EnergyDeposition_Flexi.out contains the Edep
149 EnergyDeposition_iodine.out contains the Ede
150 EnergyDeposition_TG186.out contains the Edep
151 EnergyDeposition_Leipzig.out contains the Ed
152 EnergyDeposition_Oncura.out contains the Ede
153
154 - brachytherapy.root, containing a 2D histogra
155 to open brachytherapy.root in ROOT interacti
156
157 - primary.root, with 1D histogram of the ener
158 plot_primary.C is provided as example to ope
159
160 ----------------------------------------------
161 ----> 8.Visualisation
162
163 A macro is provided ad example of visualisatio
164
165 ----------------------------------------------
166 -----> 9. Comparison to reference data
167
168 The ROOT macros macro.C and plot_primary.C are
169 in the brachytherapy.root file.
170
171 The ROOT macro TG43_relative_dose.C has brachy
172 the brachytherapy source. The dose rate is nor
173 The output file is geant4_dose.txt with two co
174 distance from the centre (cm) dose rate distri
175
176 The user can then compare the dose rate distri
177
178 Directory "comparison":
179 As an example, the dose rate distribution calc
180
181 The compare.C is a ROOT macro which reads the
182
183 The directory "comparison" contains:
184 - the reference data, granero.txt
185 - the data obtained in Geant4.10.3: geant4.txt
186 - comparison.C - macro to read geant4.txt and
187
188 -----> 10. Regression testing of Geant4
189 - the macros to run are in test_macro
190 - the results should be processed with analysi
191
192